FOREIGN KEY 约束失败（代码 787）[NO ANDROID ROOM]
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【中文标题】FOREIGN KEY 约束失败（代码 787）[NO ANDROID ROOM]【英文标题】：FOREIGN KEY constraint failed (code 787) [NO ANDROID ROOM] 【发布时间】：2020-04-02 15:12:36 【问题描述】：我在 android Studio 上有一个 Android 项目，其数据库有 3 个表，其中一个有两个 FK。 我想我看到了每个代码都有解决方案和任何适合我的工作。
这是错误：
E/SQLiteDatabase: Error inserting idTipoFK=TYP-20f4c0ba-8aa7-47c9-9cd8-19861f93f2dd idUserFK=US-c8a20dae-5492-4243-9560-aaf458f3f2d5 adjuntoImg=imagen titulo=titulo idEntrada=ENT-13a62bd7-28ef-46f6-b9b3-b534a0c813ae texto=texto fecha=09-12-2019.12:27:01 adjuntoAudio=audio
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed (code 787)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeExecuteForLastInsertedRowId(Native Method)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteConnection.java:782)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteSession.java:788)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteStatement.executeInsert(SQLiteStatement.java:86)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertWithOnConflict(SQLiteDatabase.java:1474)
at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insert(SQLiteDatabase.java:1343)
at dam.proyecto.nasciturus.Database.OperacionesDataBase.insertarEntry(OperacionesDataBase.java:102)
at dam.proyecto.nasciturus.Actividades.ListarActivity$4.onClick(ListarActivity.java:116)
at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:5637)
at android.view.View$PerformClick.run(View.java:22429)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:751)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:154)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6119)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:886)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:776)
好的，我的数据库：
public class DataBase extends SQLiteOpenHelper
//VARIABLES DE CONEXION
private static final String BASE_DATOS = "nascitur.db";
private static final int VERSION_ACTUAL = 4;
private Context contexto;
//METODOS PARA CONECTAR Y CERRAR A LA BBDD
public DataBase(Context contexto)
super(contexto, BASE_DATOS, null, VERSION_ACTUAL);
this.contexto = contexto;
@Override
public void onOpen(SQLiteDatabase db)
super.onOpen(db);
if(!db.isReadOnly())
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
db.setForeignKeyConstraintsEnabled(true);
else
db.execSQL("PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON");
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db)
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE "+ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.TABLA_USER+"("+BaseColumns._ID+" text primary key autoincrement,"
+ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.ID+" text not null unique, "+ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.USUARIO+" text not null, "+ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.PASSWORD+" text not null)");
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE "+ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TABLA_TYPE+" ("+BaseColumns._ID+" text primary key autoincrement,"
+ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.ID+" text not null unique, "+ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TIPO+" text not null)");
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE "+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TABLA_ENTRY+" ("+BaseColumns._ID+" text primary key autoincrement,"+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID+" text not null unique, "
+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.FECHA+" date not null, "+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TITULO+" text, "+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TEXTO+" text, "
+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ADJUNTOIMG+" text,"+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ADJUNTOAUDIO+" text,"
+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_USER+" text not null, "+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_TIPO+" text not null, FOREIGN KEY("
+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_USER+") REFERENCES "+ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.TABLA_USER+
" ("+ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.ID+") ON DELETE CASCADE, FOREIGN KEY("+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_TIPO+") REFERENCES "
+ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TABLA_TYPE+" ("+ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.ID+") ON DELETE CASCADE)");
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion)
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "+ ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.TABLA_USER);
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "+ ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TABLA_TYPE);
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "+ ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TABLA_ENTRY);
onCreate(db);
以及插入方法：
public void insertarEntry(Entry entrada)
SQLiteDatabase db = baseDatos.getWritableDatabase();
// Generar Pk
String idEntrada = ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.generarIdEntrada();
ContentValues valores = new ContentValues();
valores.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID, idEntrada);
valores.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.FECHA, entrada.fecha);
valores.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TITULO, entrada.titulo);
valores.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TEXTO, entrada.texto);
valores.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ADJUNTOIMG, entrada.adjuntoImg);
valores.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ADJUNTOAUDIO, entrada.adjuntoAudio);
valores.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_USER, entrada.idUsuario);
valores.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_TIPO, entrada.idTipo);
// Insertar entrada
db.insert(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TABLA_ENTRY, null, valores);
最后，这是我作为参数发送给方法的对象：
Entry entrada = new Entry(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.generarIdEntrada(),fecha, "titulo","texto",adjuntoImg, "audio" ,usuario , tipo);
OperacionesDataBase db = OperacionesDataBase.obtenerInstancia(getApplicationContext());
db.insertarEntry(entrada);
【问题讨论】：
欢迎来到 Stack Overflow！我不熟悉 Android，但您可以简化问题：记录您的程序所做的所有 SQL 查询。然后打开 SQL 浏览器并在那里输入查询（sqlitebrowser.org、dbeaver.io 等），直到出现错误。错误似乎是您输入了引用表中不存在的外键，或者您尝试删除从其他地方引用的行。usuario和tipo的值必须存在于表TABLA_USER和TABLA_TYPE中，然后才能插入TABLA_ENTRY。
【参考方案1】：
通过使用 FORIEGN KEYS 定义一个或多个列，您正在定义一个规则（约束），该规则表示该列只能包含一个或多个值，该值是父表的一个或多个列中的一个或多个值。
这是使用 :-
...... FOREIGN KEY("
+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_USER+") REFERENCES "+ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.TABLA_USER+
" ("+ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.ID+") ON DELETE CASCADE, FOREIGN KEY("+ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_TIPO+") REFERENCES "
+ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TABLA_TYPE+" ("+ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.ID+") ON DELETE CASCADE)");
你在说
a) 根据ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_USER，该列有一条规则，即ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_USER 列的值必须是任何存在于ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.ID 列中的值ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.TABLA_USER 表的行数。 和
b) 根据ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_TIPO，该列有一条规则，即ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_TIPO 列的值必须是任何存在于ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.ID 列中的值ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TABLA_TYPE 表的行数。
如果不遵守上述规则，则结果将是 FOREIGN KEY 约束失败。
因此，您需要在父表中插入行，以便在插入ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TABLA_ENTRY 表之前引用它们。
ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.TABLA_USER 表中需要有一行在ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.ID 列中的值为 US-c8a20dae-5492-4243-9560-aaf458f3f2d5
与
ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TABLA_TYPE 表中必须有一行在ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TIPO 列中的值为 TYP-20f4c0ba-8aa7-47c9-9cd8-19861f93f2dd。
注意
您提供的代码似乎存在重大问题。所有三个表定义都有/使用：-
text primary key autoincrement
这是无效的 SQL，因为您可以仅将 AUTOINCREMENT 与 integer primary key 一起使用。使用text primary key autoincrement 会报错。
示例/测试
假设一个包含所有三个表的插入方法的 DataBase.java：-
public long insertEntry(String id,String fecha,String title, String to, String image,String audio, String userIdReference, String typeIdReference)
long rv = -1;
try
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID, id);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.FECHA, fecha);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TITULO, title);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TEXTO, to);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ADJUNTOIMG, image);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ADJUNTOAUDIO, audio);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_USER, userIdReference);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.ID_TIPO, typeIdReference);
rv = this.getWritableDatabase().insertOrThrow(ConstantesInterfaces.EntradasID.TABLA_ENTRY, null, cv);
catch (SQLiteException e)
e.printStackTrace();
return rv;
public long insertType(String id, String type)
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.ID,id);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TIPO,type);
return this.getWritableDatabase().insert(ConstantesInterfaces.TypeID.TABLA_TYPE,null,cv);
public long insertUser(String id, String userName, String password)
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.ID,id);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.USUARIO,userName);
cv.put(ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.PASSWORD,password);
return this.getWritableDatabase().insert(ConstantesInterfaces.UserID.TABLA_USER,null,cv);
以及 Activity 中的以下代码：-
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
DataBase mDB;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
String userid = "US-c8a20dae-5492-4243-9560-aaf458f3f2d5";
String typeid = "TYP-20f4c0ba-8aa7-47c9-9cd8-19861f93f2dd";
Log.d("FKTESTINFO","Stage 1 - Instantiating database instance");
mDB = new DataBase(this);
//DatabaseUtils.dumpCursor(mDB.getWritableDatabase().query("sqlite_master",null,null,null,null,null,null));
Log.d("FKTESTINFO","Stage 2 - INSERT attempt 1");
mDB.insertEntry("w","x","y","x","img","audio",userid,typeid); // FAIL as Type nor User exist
Log.d("FKTESTINFO","Stage 3 - INSERT attempt 2");
mDB.insertUser(userid,"Fred","password");
mDB.insertEntry("w","x","y","x","img","audio",userid,typeid); // FAIL as Type does not exist
Log.d("FKTESTINFO","Stage 4 - INSERT attempt 3");
mDB.insertType(typeid,"My Type");
mDB.insertEntry("w","x","y","x","img","audio",userid,typeid); // FAIL as Type does not exist
Log.d("FKTESTINFO","Stage 5 - All Completed");
结果表明，直到引用的类型和引用的用户都被添加后，条目插入才会起作用，如下所示：-
2019-12-10 13:42:47.547 D/FKTESTINFO: Stage 1 - Instantiating database instance
2019-12-10 13:42:47.547 D/FKTESTINFO: Stage 2 - INSERT attempt 1
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed (code 787 SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeExecuteForLastInsertedRowId(Native Method)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteConnection.java:879)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteSession.java:790)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteStatement.executeInsert(SQLiteStatement.java:88)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertWithOnConflict(SQLiteDatabase.java:1599)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertOrThrow(SQLiteDatabase.java:1494)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at a.so59250186foreignkeys.DataBase.insertEntry(DataBase.java:135)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at a.so59250186foreignkeys.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:26)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7802)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7791)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1299)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.567 W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3245)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3409)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:83)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2016)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 W/System.err: at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.568 D/FKTESTINFO: Stage 3 - INSERT attempt 2
2019-12-10 13:42:47.572 W/System.err: android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed (code 787 SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.572 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.nativeExecuteForLastInsertedRowId(Native Method)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.572 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConnection.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteConnection.java:879)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.572 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteSession.executeForLastInsertedRowId(SQLiteSession.java:790)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.572 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteStatement.executeInsert(SQLiteStatement.java:88)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.572 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertWithOnConflict(SQLiteDatabase.java:1599)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.572 W/System.err: at android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.insertOrThrow(SQLiteDatabase.java:1494)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at a.so59250186foreignkeys.DataBase.insertEntry(DataBase.java:135)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at a.so59250186foreignkeys.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:30)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7802)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7791)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1299)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3245)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3409)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:83)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.573 W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2016)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.574 W/System.err: at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.574 W/System.err: at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.574 W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.574 W/System.err: at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.574 W/System.err: at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.574 W/System.err: at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930)
2019-12-10 13:42:47.574 D/FKTESTINFO: Stage 4 - INSERT attempt 3
2019-12-10 13:42:47.585 D/FKTESTINFO: Stage 5 - All Completed
【讨论】：
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