如何让相机的垂直旋转使相机上下移动？

Posted 2023-04-12

【中文标题】如何让相机的垂直旋转使相机上下移动？

【英文标题】：How to let camera's vertical rotation move the camera up and down?

【发布时间】：2021-03-11 06:31:31

【问题描述】：

我在游戏中有一个玩家，我可以用键盘移动它，用鼠标只能在水平轴上旋转。也就是说，我只能水平瞄准，不能上下瞄准。

我有 Cinemachine 的主摄像头和另一个 VM 摄像头。游戏目前的状态是这样的：

在水平轴上，我旋转播放器，但在垂直轴上，我只想上下移动播放器的相机/FOV。

我附加到播放器的移动脚本是：

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
 
public class PlayerMovement : MonoBehaviour

    public CharacterController characterController;
    public float speed = 35f;
    public Animator animator;
 
    // camera and rotation
    public Transform cameraHolder;
    public float mouseSensitivity = 2f;
    public float upLimit = 50;
    public float downLimit = -50;
 
    // gravity
    private float gravity = 9.87f;
    private float verticalSpeed = 0;
 
 
    void Update()
    
        Move();
        Rotate();
    
 
 
    public void Rotate()
    
        float horizontalRotation = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X");
        float verticalRotation = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y");
 
        transform.Rotate(0, horizontalRotation * mouseSensitivity, 0);
        cameraHolder.Rotate(-verticalRotation * mouseSensitivity, 0, 0);
 
        Vector3 currentRotation = cameraHolder.localEulerAngles;
        if (currentRotation.x > 180) currentRotation.x -= 360;
        currentRotation.x = Mathf.Clamp(currentRotation.x, upLimit, downLimit);
        cameraHolder.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(currentRotation);
    
 
    private void Move()
    
        float horizontalMove = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        float verticalMove = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
 
        if (characterController.isGrounded) verticalSpeed = 0;
        else verticalSpeed -= gravity * Time.deltaTime;
        Vector3 gravityMove = new Vector3(0, verticalSpeed, 0);
 
        Vector3 move = transform.forward * verticalMove + transform.right * horizontalMove;
        characterController.Move(speed * Time.deltaTime * move + gravityMove * Time.deltaTime);
    

【参考方案1】：

这是我使用的代码，它适用于我，它非常易于实现，并且在您不专注于游戏时停止移动相机，这是 Brackey 的一个教程中为此目的而修改的脚本：

using UnityEngine;

public class CameraController : MonoBehaviour

    public PlayerController player;
    public float sensitivity = 150f;
    public float clampAngle = 85f;
    public bool look = true;

    private float verticalRotation;
    private float horizontalRotation;

    private void Start()
    
        verticalRotation = transform.localEulerAngles.x;
        horizontalRotation = player.transform.eulerAngles.y;

        // Defines the state of the cursor
        Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.Locked;
        Cursor.visible = false;
    

    private void Update()
    
        // Looks around if the user is in the window
        if (look)
        
            Look();
        
        Debug.DrawRay(transform.position, transform.forward * 2, Color.red);

        // If the player presses ESC while in the game, it unlocks the cursor
        if (look && Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Escape))
        
            look = false;
            Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.None;
            Cursor.visible = true;
        
        else if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0) && !look)
        
            look = true;
            Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.Locked;
            Cursor.visible = false;
        

    

    private void Look()
    
        float _mouseVertical = -Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y");
        float _mouseHorizontal = Input.GetAxis("Mouse X");

        verticalRotation += _mouseVertical * sensitivity * Time.deltaTime;
        horizontalRotation += _mouseHorizontal * sensitivity * Time.deltaTime;

        verticalRotation = Mathf.Clamp(verticalRotation, -clampAngle, clampAngle);

        transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(verticalRotation, 0f, 0f);
        player.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(0f, horizontalRotation, 0f);
    

【讨论】：

只有相机而不是播放器上下旋转是行不通的。