Python cx_freeze 错误

Posted 2023-03-29

【中文标题】Python cx_freeze 错误

【英文标题】：Python cx_freeze error

【发布时间】：2018-01-20 10:02:44

【问题描述】：

Python 版本：3.6 最新版本的软件包

您好，我的设置需要帮助， 我有安装文件，但它不起作用，我不知道为什么

import cx_Freeze
import sys
import matplotlib

base = None

if sys.platform =="win32":
    base = "Win32GUI"

executables = [cx_Freeze.Executable("python.py", base=base,)]

cx_Freeze.setup(
    name = "music-Client",
    options = "build_exe": "packages":["tkinter","matplotlib","Pygame"],
    version = "1",
    description = "hello",
    executables = executables
    )

当我尝试用 cmd 构建它时，这个非常长的错误来了

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 17, in <module>
    executables = executables
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\dist.py", line 349, in setup
    distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
  File "E:\Python\Lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
    dist.run_commands()
  File "E:\Python\Lib\distutils\dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
    self.run_command(cmd)
  File "E:\Python\Lib\distutils\dist.py", line 974, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "E:\Python\Lib\distutils\command\build.py", line 135, in run
    self.run_command(cmd_name)
  File "E:\Python\Lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
    self.distribution.run_command(command)
  File "E:\Python\Lib\distutils\dist.py", line 974, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\dist.py", line 219, in run
    freezer.Freeze()
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\freezer.py", line 616, in Freeze
    self.finder = self._GetModuleFinder()
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\freezer.py", line 342, in _GetModuleFinder
    finder.IncludePackage(name)
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\finder.py", line 659, in IncludePackage
    module = self._ImportModule(name, deferredImports)
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\finder.py", line 311, in _ImportModule
    deferredImports, namespace = namespace)
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\finder.py", line 404, in _InternalImportModule
    parentModule, namespace)
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\finder.py", line 417, in _LoadModule
    namespace)
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\finder.py", line 486, in _LoadPackage
    self._LoadModule(name, fp, path, info, deferredImports, parent)
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\finder.py", line 464, in _LoadModule
    self._RunHook("load", module.name, module)
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\finder.py", line 537, in _RunHook
    method(self, *args)
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\hooks.py", line 615, in load_tkinter
    tclSourceDir = os.environ["TCL_LIBRARY"]
  File "E:\Projekty\venv\lib\os.py", line 669, in __getitem__
    raise KeyError(key) from None
KeyError: 'TCL_LIBRARY'

我不知道如何解决这个问题，有人可以帮助我吗？ 我真的需要帮助，谢谢你的回答

【问题讨论】：

在您的程序中，您可能需要设置os.environ["TCL_LIBRARY"] 和库tcl 的完整路径（可以是fullpath/tcl.dll 或fullpath/libtcl.dll）

【参考方案1】：

您需要包含 tkinter 库。这可以通过os.environ() 方法轻松完成。

应该是这样的：

import os
os.environ["TCL_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>/Python36-32/tcl/tcl8.6"
os.environ["TK_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>/Python36-32/tcl/tk8.6"

在您的脚本中，它可能看起来像这样：

import cx_Freeze
import sys
import os
os.environ["TCL_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>/Python36-32/tcl/tcl8.6"
os.environ["TK_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>/Python36-32/tcl/tk8.6"

base = None

if sys.platform =="win32":
    base = "Win32GUI"

executables = [cx_Freeze.Executable("python.py", base=base,)]

cx_Freeze.setup(
    name = "music-Client",
    options = "build_exe": "packages":["tkinter","matplotlib","Pygame"],
    version = "1",
    description = "hello",
    executables = executables
    )

请注意，我删除了import mathplotlib，因为安装脚本中不需要它，通常会检测到依赖关系。

---

如果这还不够：

通常会返回另一个错误。这是缺少的运行时错误。您可以使用 include_files 方法包含运行时（如文档中所述）。我们可以在这一行中包含这个语句：

options = "build_exe": "packages":["tkinter","matplotlib","Pygame"],

像这样：

options = "build_exe": "packages":["tkinter","matplotlib","Pygame"], "include_files":["<PathToPython>/Python36-32/DLLs/tk86t.dll", "<PathToPython>/Python36-32/DLLs/tcl86t.dll"],