mysql CREATE临时表+事务导致死锁
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】mysql CREATE临时表+事务导致死锁【英文标题】：mysql CREATE temporary table + Transaction causes deadlock 【发布时间】：2014-05-20 19:37:26 【问题描述】：我有一个复杂的查询，它创建了一个可能需要 5 秒或更长时间才能运行的临时表。当同时在类似表上运行另一个事务时，这似乎会导致死锁。我无法在本地复制，但在生产中我可以每隔几天让它发生 1 次。 （我记录了 mysql 错误）
查询非常复杂（显示在页面底部）；但你不需要理解逻辑；只是它从一堆表和连接中进行选择，并且可能需要一段时间才能运行。
我还有一个事务可以插入到许多相同的表中。我偶尔会收到 mysql 错误 1213: Deadlock found when trying to get lock; try restarting transaction.
这是交易的伪代码
START TRANSACTION
INSERT INTO phppos_sales
INSERT MANY RECORDS INTO phppos_sales_items
INSERT MANY RECORDS INTO phppos_sales_items_taxes
INSERT MANY RECORDS INTO phppos_sales_payments
END TRANSACTION
我该如何解决这个死锁？我尝试将 isolation level 更改为 READ UNCOMMITTED 但 mysql 设置不允许这样做；而且我需要在我无法控制服务器的各种环境中进行这项工作。
更改隔离级别时出错：
无法执行语句：由于 BINLOG_FORMAT = STATEMENT 并且至少一个表使用存储引擎，因此无法写入二进制日志 仅限于基于行的日志记录。 InnoDB 仅限于行日志记录 事务隔离级别为 READ COMMITTED 或 READ UNCOMMITTED。
INNODB 引擎状态：
mysql> SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS;
| Type | Name | Status |
| InnoDB | |
=====================================
140520 12:00:17 INNODB MONITOR OUTPUT
=====================================
Per second averages calculated from the last 15 seconds
-----------------
BACKGROUND THREAD
-----------------
srv_master_thread loops: 1766819 1_second, 1766816 sleeps, 167043 10_second, 100947 background, 100945 flush
srv_master_thread log flush and writes: 1776023
----------
SEMAPHORES
----------
OS WAIT ARRAY INFO: reservation count 236559, signal count 288374
Mutex spin waits 546890, rounds 1796579, OS waits 33216
RW-shared spins 205374, rounds 5519210, OS waits 176937
RW-excl spins 5661, rounds 841678, OS waits 23933
Spin rounds per wait: 3.29 mutex, 26.87 RW-shared, 148.68 RW-excl
------------------------
LATEST FOREIGN KEY ERROR
------------------------
140520 11:27:44 Transaction:
TRANSACTION 86D125F, ACTIVE 0 sec inserting
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
15 lock struct(s), heap size 3112, 6 row lock(s), undo log entries 2
MySQL thread id 1910245, OS thread handle 0x7fbf0042e700, query id 56114114 php-pos-web 10.181.16.33 phppoint update
INSERT INTO `phppos_sales_items_taxes` (`sale_id`, `item_id`, `line`, `name`, `percent`, `cumulative`) VALUES (11763, 1115, 3, 'PST', '8.000', '0')
Foreign key constraint fails for table `phppoint_fatpanda`.`phppos_sales_items_taxes`:
,
CONSTRAINT `phppos_sales_items_taxes_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`sale_id`) REFERENCES `phppos_sales_items` (`sale_id`)
Trying to add in child table, in index `PRIMARY` tuple:
DATA TUPLE: 8 fields;
0: len 4; hex 80002df3; asc - ;;
1: len 4; hex 8000045b; asc [;;
2: len 4; hex 80000003; asc ;;
3: len 3; hex 505354; asc PST;;
4: len 8; hex 8000000000080000; asc ;;
5: len 6; hex 0000086d125f; asc m _;;
6: len 7; hex 00000000000000; asc ;;
7: len 4; hex 80000000; asc ;;
But in parent table `phppoint_fatpanda`.`phppos_sales_items`, in index `PRIMARY`,
the closest match we can find is record:
PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 11; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 4; hex 80002df1; asc - ;;
1: len 4; hex 8000049a; asc ;;
2: len 4; hex 80000001; asc ;;
3: len 6; hex 0000086cfd29; asc l );;
4: len 7; hex f400000216012c; asc ,;;
5: len 0; hex ; asc ;;
6: len 0; hex ; asc ;;
7: len 11; hex 8000000000010000000000; asc ;;
8: len 11; hex 8000000000100000000000; asc ;;
9: len 11; hex 80000000002d0000000000; asc - ;;
10: len 4; hex 80000000; asc ;;
------------------------
LATEST DETECTED DEADLOCK
------------------------
140520 11:27:44
*** (1) TRANSACTION:
TRANSACTION 86D11A3, ACTIVE 2 sec fetching rows
mysql tables in use 9, locked 9
LOCK WAIT 364 lock struct(s), heap size 47544, 80177 row lock(s)
MySQL thread id 1910243, OS thread handle 0x7fbeb2090700, query id 56113840 10.181.26.42 phppoint Copying to tmp table
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE phppos_sales_items_temp
(SELECT phppos_sales.deleted as deleted,phppos_sales.deleted_by as deleted_by, sale_time, date(sale_time) as sale_date, phppos_sales_items.sale_id, comment,payment_type, customer_id, employee_id,
phppos_items.item_id, NULL as item_kit_id, supplier_id, quantity_purchased, item_cost_price, item_unit_price, category,
discount_percent, (item_unit_price*quantity_purchased-item_unit_price*quantity_purchased*discount_percent/100) as subtotal,
phppos_sales_items.line as line, serialnumber, phppos_sales_items.description as description,
(item_unit_price*quantity_purchased-item_unit_price*quantity_purchased*discount_percent/100)+(item_unit_price*quantity_purchased-item_unit_price*quantity_purchased*discount_percent/100)*(SUM(CASE WHEN cumulative != 1 THEN percent ELSE 0 END)/100)
+(((item_unit_price*quantity_purchased-item_unit_price*quanti
*** (1) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:
RECORD LOCKS space id 454941 page no 114 n bits 408 index `location_id` of table `phppoint_fatpanda`.`phppos_sales` trx id 86D11A3 lock mode S waiting
Record lock, heap no 335 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 2; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 4; hex 80000001; asc ;;
1: len 4; hex 80002df3; asc - ;;
*** (2) TRANSACTION:
TRANSACTION 86D125D, ACTIVE 0 sec inserting
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
23 lock struct(s), heap size 3112, 12 row lock(s), undo log entries 10
MySQL thread id 1910245, OS thread handle 0x7fbf0042e700, query id 56114091 php-pos-web 10.181.16.33 phppoint update
INSERT INTO `phppos_sales_items_taxes` (`sale_id`, `item_id`, `line`, `name`, `percent`, `cumulative`) VALUES (11763, 1178, 2, 'GST', '5.000', '0')
*** (2) HOLDS THE LOCK(S):
RECORD LOCKS space id 454941 page no 114 n bits 408 index `location_id` of table `phppoint_fatpanda`.`phppos_sales` trx id 86D125D lock_mode X locks rec but not gap
Record lock, heap no 335 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 2; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 4; hex 80000001; asc ;;
1: len 4; hex 80002df3; asc - ;;
*** (2) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:
RECORD LOCKS space id 454945 page no 386 n bits 288 index `PRIMARY` of table `phppoint_fatpanda`.`phppos_sales_items_taxes` trx id 86D125D lock_mode X insert intention waiting
Record lock, heap no 1 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 1; compact format; info bits 0
0: len 8; hex 73757072656d756d; asc supremum;;
*** WE ROLL BACK TRANSACTION (2)
------------
TRANSACTIONS
------------
Trx id counter 86E47F7
Purge done for trx's n:o < 86E45C0 undo n:o < 0
History list length 1418
LIST OF TRANSACTIONS FOR EACH SESSION:
---TRANSACTION 86E47F6, not started
MySQL thread id 1913171, OS thread handle 0x7fbeb2090700, query id 56205829 10.181.26.42 phppoint
---TRANSACTION 0, not started
MySQL thread id 1913095, OS thread handle 0x7fbf005b4700, query id 56205830 localhost root
SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS
--------
FILE I/O
--------
I/O thread 0 state: waiting for completed aio requests (insert buffer thread)
I/O thread 1 state: waiting for completed aio requests (log thread)
I/O thread 2 state: waiting for completed aio requests (read thread)
I/O thread 3 state: waiting for completed aio requests (read thread)
I/O thread 4 state: waiting for completed aio requests (read thread)
I/O thread 5 state: waiting for completed aio requests (read thread)
I/O thread 6 state: waiting for completed aio requests (write thread)
I/O thread 7 state: waiting for completed aio requests (write thread)
I/O thread 8 state: waiting for completed aio requests (write thread)
I/O thread 9 state: waiting for completed aio requests (write thread)
Pending normal aio reads: 0 [0, 0, 0, 0] , aio writes: 0 [0, 0, 0, 0] ,
ibuf aio reads: 0, log i/o's: 0, sync i/o's: 0
Pending flushes (fsync) log: 0; buffer pool: 0
3599456 OS file reads, 9300371 OS file writes, 3988632 OS fsyncs
0.27 reads/s, 16384 avg bytes/read, 13.07 writes/s, 7.27 fsyncs/s
-------------------------------------
INSERT BUFFER AND ADAPTIVE HASH INDEX
-------------------------------------
Ibuf: size 1, free list len 84, seg size 86, 55915 merges
merged operations:
insert 68506, delete mark 4761, delete 38
discarded operations:
insert 0, delete mark 0, delete 0
Hash table size 2212699, node heap has 751 buffer(s)
5050.86 hash searches/s, 624.09 non-hash searches/s
---
LOG
---
Log sequence number 184365806376
Log flushed up to 184365806376
Last checkpoint at 184365791715
0 pending log writes, 0 pending chkp writes
2149282 log i/o's done, 3.47 log i/o's/second
----------------------
BUFFER POOL AND MEMORY
----------------------
Total memory allocated 1098907648; in additional pool allocated 0
Dictionary memory allocated 62951505
Buffer pool size 65536
Free buffers 1
Database pages 64784
Old database pages 23894
Modified db pages 88
Pending reads 0
Pending writes: LRU 0, flush list 0, single page 0
Pages made young 4073451, not young 0
0.07 youngs/s, 0.00 non-youngs/s
Pages read 3592230, created 1542046, written 6130789
0.27 reads/s, 18.00 creates/s, 6.40 writes/s
Buffer pool hit rate 1000 / 1000, young-making rate 0 / 1000 not 0 / 1000
Pages read ahead 0.00/s, evicted without access 0.00/s, Random read ahead 0.00/s
LRU len: 64784, unzip_LRU len: 0
I/O sum[382]:cur[0], unzip sum[0]:cur[0]
--------------
ROW OPERATIONS
--------------
0 queries inside InnoDB, 0 queries in queue
1 read views open inside InnoDB
Main thread process no. 15866, id 140457065543424, state: sleeping
Number of rows inserted 77431960, updated 1673031, deleted 160450, read 4825684197
1103.93 inserts/s, 2.53 updates/s, 0.00 deletes/s, 7772.15 reads/s
----------------------------
END OF INNODB MONITOR OUTPUT
============================
|
+-------
查询这是死锁的一部分：（连同上面的交易）
CREATE temporary TABLE phppos_sales_items_temp
(SELECT
phppos_sales.deleted AS deleted,
phppos_sales.deleted_by AS deleted_by,
sale_time,
Date(sale_time) AS sale_date,
phppos_sales_items.sale_id,
comment,
payment_type,
customer_id,
employee_id,
phppos_items.item_id,
NULL AS item_kit_id,
supplier_id,
quantity_purchased,
item_cost_price,
item_unit_price,
category,
discount_percent,
( item_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased *
discount_percent / 100 ) AS subtotal,
phppos_sales_items.line AS line,
serialnumber,
phppos_sales_items.description AS description,
( item_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased *
discount_percent / 100 ) + (
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased *
discount_percent
/ 100 ) * ( Sum(CASE
WHEN cumulative != 1 THEN percent
ELSE 0
end) / 100 ) + ( ( (
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased
-
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased
*
discount_percent / 100 ) * (
Sum(CASE
WHEN cumulative != 1 THEN
percent
ELSE 0
end) / 100 ) + (
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased
-
item_unit_price *
quantity_purchased
*
discount_percent /
100
)
)
* ( Sum(CASE
WHEN
cumulative = 1 THEN percent
ELSE
0
end)
)
/ 100 )
AS total,
( item_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased *
discount_percent / 100 ) * (
Sum(CASE
WHEN cumulative != 1 THEN percent
ELSE 0
end) / 100 ) + ( ( ( item_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased *
discount_percent / 100 ) * ( Sum(
CASE
WHEN cumulative != 1
THEN
percent
ELSE 0
end) / 100 ) + (
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased
-
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased
*
discount_percent / 100 ) ) * ( Sum(
CASE
WHEN cumulative = 1 THEN percent
ELSE 0
end) ) / 100 ) AS tax,
( item_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_unit_price * quantity_purchased *
discount_percent / 100 ) - (
item_cost_price * quantity_purchased ) AS profit
FROM phppos_sales_items
INNER JOIN phppos_sales
ON phppos_sales_items.sale_id = phppos_sales.sale_id
INNER JOIN phppos_items
ON phppos_sales_items.item_id = phppos_items.item_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN phppos_suppliers
ON phppos_items.supplier_id = phppos_suppliers.person_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN phppos_sales_items_taxes
ON phppos_sales_items.sale_id =
phppos_sales_items_taxes.sale_id
AND phppos_sales_items.item_id =
phppos_sales_items_taxes.item_id
AND phppos_sales_items.line =
phppos_sales_items_taxes.line
WHERE sale_time BETWEEN "2014-04-01 00:00:00" AND "2014-04-30 23:59:59"
AND phppos_sales.location_id = '1'
AND phppos_sales.store_account_payment = 0
GROUP BY sale_id,
item_id,
line)
UNION ALL
(SELECT phppos_sales.deleted
AS
deleted
,
phppos_sales.deleted_by
AS deleted_by,
sale_time,
Date(sale_time)
AS
sale_date,
phppos_sales_item_kits.sale_id,
comment,
payment_type,
customer_id,
employee_id,
NULL
AS
item_id,
phppos_item_kits.item_kit_id,
''
AS
supplier_id,
quantity_purchased,
item_kit_cost_price,
item_kit_unit_price,
category,
discount_percent,
( item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased * discount_percent / 100 )
AS
subtotal,
phppos_sales_item_kits.line
AS
line,
''
AS
serialnumber,
phppos_sales_item_kits.description
AS
description,
( item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased * discount_percent / 100 )
+
( item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased * discount_percent / 100 ) *
( Sum( CASE WHEN cumulative != 1 THEN percent ELSE 0 end) / 100 )
+ ( ( ( item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased * discount_percent / 100 ) *
( Sum(CASE
WHEN cumulative != 1 THEN percent
ELSE 0
end)
/
100 ) + ( item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased *
discount_percent / 100 ) ) * (
Sum(
CASE
WHEN cumulative = 1 THEN percent
ELSE 0
end) ) / 100 ) AS total,
( item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased * discount_percent / 100 ) * ( Sum(
CASE
WHEN cumulative != 1 THEN percent
ELSE 0
end) / 100 ) + ( ( ( item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased
*
discount_percent
/ 100 ) * ( Sum(
CASE
WHEN cumulative != 1 THEN percent
ELSE 0
end) / 100 ) + (
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased
-
item_kit_unit_price *
quantity_purchased
* discount_percent / 100 ) ) *
(
Sum(CASE
WHEN cumulative = 1 THEN percent
ELSE 0
end) ) / 100 ) AS tax,
( item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased -
item_kit_unit_price * quantity_purchased * discount_percent / 100 ) - (
item_kit_cost_price * quantity_purchased ) AS profit
FROM phppos_sales_item_kits
INNER JOIN phppos_sales
ON phppos_sales_item_kits.sale_id = phppos_sales.sale_id
INNER JOIN phppos_item_kits
ON phppos_sales_item_kits.item_kit_id =
phppos_item_kits.item_kit_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN phppos_sales_item_kits_taxes
ON phppos_sales_item_kits.sale_id =
phppos_sales_item_kits_taxes.sale_id
AND phppos_sales_item_kits.item_kit_id =
phppos_sales_item_kits_taxes.item_kit_id
AND phppos_sales_item_kits.line =
phppos_sales_item_kits_taxes.line
WHERE sale_time BETWEEN "2014-04-01 00:00:00" AND "2014-04-30 23:59:59"
AND phppos_sales.location_id = '1'
AND phppos_sales.store_account_payment = 0
GROUP BY sale_id,
item_kit_id,
line)
ORDER BY sale_id,
line;
【问题讨论】：
你真的在你的 SQL 中计算东西吗？.. 当你可以访问 PHP 时，然后用 PHP 计算并只使用 SQL 进行 CRUD 操作。 这与问题无关。我问的是死锁 这就是为什么我把它作为评论，而不是答案:) 您当前的隔离级别是多少？这在回答问题时会有很大的不同。 默认的可重复阅读 【参考方案1】：根本原因
当您将SELECT 与INSERT INTO... 或CREATE TABLE AS... 等写入语句结合使用时，MySQL 必须在SELECT 所涉及的表上建立共享锁。
您有另一个并发事务 (2) 在表 phppos_sales 上持有 排他锁，因此事务 (1) 无法获得其 S 锁，事务 (1) 等待.
然后事务 (2) 请求对故事 phppos_sales_items_taxes 的 X 锁定。但是事务 (1) 已经在队列中以获取该表上的 S-lock，事务 (2) 必须在队列后面等待。
因此事务 (2) 正在等待事务 (1)，而事务 (1) 正在等待事务 (2)。这是典型的僵局。
这仅每隔几天发生一次，因为它依赖于事务 (2) 在事务 (1) 开始其 SELECT 之前获得其对 phppos_sales 的第一个锁定。然后事务 (2) 尝试在事务 (1) 的 S-lock 请求排队后获取其在 phppos_sales_items_taxes 上的第二个锁。
换句话说，这是一种竞争条件，而且很难重现。
补救措施
如果事务 (2) 以原子操作的形式请求对它需要的所有表的锁定，那么事务 (1) 将无法在锁定请求之间潜入。
您可以通过显式使用LOCK TABLES 来实现此目的：
START TRANSACTION
LOCK TABLES phppos_sales WRITE, phppos_sales_items WRITE,
phppos_sales_items_taxes WRITE, ...other table(s)...
INSERT INTO phppos_sales
INSERT MANY RECORDS INTO phppos_sales_items
INSERT MANY RECORDS INTO phppos_sales_items_taxes
INSERT MANY RECORDS INTO phppos_sales_payments
UNLOCK TABLES;
COMMIT;
这确实意味着执行长时间运行SELECT 的事务 (1) 必须等待事务 (2) 完成其 INSERTs 并解锁其表。
否则，如果SELECT首先在进行中，则意味着事务（2）必须等待它完成。
一种解决方法
如果您避免使用CREATE TABLE... SELECT 或INSERT INTO... SELECT，则可以填充临时表而不会出现锁争用。也就是说，将SELECT 的结果集取回您的应用程序，然后将INSERT 这些行放入临时表中。这样SELECT 就不需要任何 S 锁了。
您可以对存储过程中的游标执行相同的操作。
另一种解决方法
作为@BrendanF cmets，您还可以将事务隔离级别更改为READ-COMMITTED，而不是默认的REPEATABLE-READ。您可以全局更改默认事务隔离级别，也可以逐个会话更改隔离级别。这会稍微改变事务的语义，因此您应该了解其中的差异。
SET TRANSACTION Syntax Differences between READ-COMMITTED and REPEATABLE-READ transaction isolation levels但它确实消除了SELECT 在这些插入/选择操作期间从表中读取时执行 S 锁的需要。
【讨论】：
对于解锁表时的第一个补救措施，我是否需要指定要解锁哪些表？当我锁定插入事务时，另一个事务会发生什么？它是等待还是超时？ 如果我执行解决方案 1（锁定表）。如果同时（或相对同时）提交 2 个销售，会发生什么情况。会失败吗？UNLOCK TABLES 解锁所有已锁定的表。启动另一个事务也会隐式解锁所有先前锁定的表。如果提交了另一个销售，它会在LOCK TABLES 上等待，直到可以获取它需要的所有锁。它等待lock_wait_timeout 秒，默认为 1 年！
我已将更改实施到生产中。我会给它几天的时间来确保关于死锁的错误不会再次出现。我还必须添加读锁。总共我必须读/写锁定 27 个表！
@LorenzMeyer，您可以在开始执行INSERT INTO...SELECT 或CREATE TABLE...SELECT 的事务之前设置READ-COMMITTED。以上是关于mysql CREATE临时表+事务导致死锁的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章