Pphunit 不断给出错误：[1049] 未知数据库'：内存：'

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【中文标题】Pphunit 不断给出错误：[1049] 未知数据库\'：内存：\'【英文标题】：Pphunit keeps giving error: [1049] Unknown database ':memory:'Pphunit 不断给出错误：[1049] 未知数据库'：内存：' 【发布时间】：2020-10-30 13:53:07 【问题描述】：

我刚开始在 Laravel 7 中使用 phpunit。我遇到了一个我找不到解决方案的问题。我正在使用 Laravel 7 和 Xampp。

My phpunit.xml:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="./vendor/phpunit/phpcd ..
         cdit/phpunit.xsd"
         bootstrap="vendor/autoload.php"
         colors="true"
>
    <testsuites>
        <testsuite name="Unit">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">./tests/Unit</directory>
        </testsuite>
        <testsuite name="Feature">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">./tests/Feature</directory>
        </testsuite>
    </testsuites>
    <filter>
        <whitelist processUncoveredFilesFromWhitelist="true">
            <directory suffix=".php">./app</directory>
        </whitelist>
    </filter>
    <php>
        <server name="APP_ENV" value="testing"/>
        <server name="BCRYPT_ROUNDS" value="4"/>
        <server name="CACHE_DRIVER" value="array"/>
        <server name="DB_CONNECTION" value="mysql"/>
        <server name="DB_DATABASE" value=":memory:"/>
        <server name="MAIL_MAILER" value="array"/>
        <server name="QUEUE_CONNECTION" value="sync"/>
        <server name="SESSION_DRIVER" value="array"/>
        <server name="TELESCOPE_ENABLED" value="false"/>
    </php>
</phpunit>

我的测试功能：

<?php

namespace Tests\Feature;


use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations;


use Tests\TestCase;

class ThreadsTest extends TestCase


    use DatabaseMigrations;

    public function test_a_user_can_browse_threads()
    
        $response = $this->get('/threads');

        $response->assertStatus(200);

当我运行 phpunit (vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit) 我得到这个：

PHPUnit 8.5.8 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

.E                                                                  2 / 2 (100%)

Time: 1.57 seconds, Memory: 20.00 MB

There was 1 error:

1) Tests\Feature\ThreadsTest::test_a_user_can_browse_threads
Illuminate\Database\QueryException: SQLSTATE[HY000] [1049] Unknown database ':memory:' (SQL:

显示完整的表，其中 table_type = 'BASE TABLE')

C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:671
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:631
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:339
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\MySqlBuilder.php:99
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\MySqlBuilder.php:48
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Console\WipeCommand.php:69
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Console\WipeCommand.php:46
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:33
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Util.php:37
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:91
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:35
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Container.php:592
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:134
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Command\Command.php:258
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:121
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Concerns\CallsCommands.php:56
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Concerns\CallsCommands.php:28
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Console\Migrations\FreshCommand.php:41
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:33
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Util.php:37
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:91
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:35
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Container.php:592
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:134
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Command\Command.php:258
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:121
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:911
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:264
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:140
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Application.php:93
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Application.php:185
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Console\Kernel.php:263
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Testing\PendingCommand.php:171
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Testing\PendingCommand.php:291
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\Concerns\InteractsWithConsole.php:52
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations.php:16
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase.php:119
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase.php:84

Caused by
PDOException: SQLSTATE[HY000] [1049] Unknown database ':memory:'

C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connectors\Connector.php:70
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connectors\Connector.php:46
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connectors\MySqlConnector.php:24
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connectors\ConnectionFactory.php:184
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:926
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:961
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:405
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:331
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:664
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:631
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:339
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\MySqlBuilder.php:99
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Schema\MySqlBuilder.php:48
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Console\WipeCommand.php:69
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Console\WipeCommand.php:46
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:33
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Util.php:37
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:91
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:35
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Container.php:592
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:134
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Command\Command.php:258
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:121
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Concerns\CallsCommands.php:56
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Concerns\CallsCommands.php:28
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Console\Migrations\FreshCommand.php:41
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:33
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Util.php:37
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:91
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod.php:35
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Container\Container.php:592
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:134
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Command\Command.php:258
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Command.php:121
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:911
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:264
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\symfony\console\Application.php:140
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Application.php:93
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Console\Application.php:185
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Console\Kernel.php:263
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Testing\PendingCommand.php:171
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Testing\PendingCommand.php:291
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\Concerns\InteractsWithConsole.php:52
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations.php:16
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase.php:119
C:\xampp\htdocs\forum\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase.php:84

ERRORS!
Tests: 2, Assertions: 1, Errors: 1.

我的MYSQL数据库中的表也都被删除了。

有什么建议吗？

亲切的问候，

休伯特

【问题讨论】：

将 Mysql 更改为 Sqlite 似乎可以解决问题。但我不明白为什么。据我所知，我的机器上没有 Sqlite！你能澄清一下吗？ 【参考方案1】：

我猜你想将sqlite 作为内存数据库运行，至少这是我首选的测试设置。

要实现这一点，您必须像这样在测试中设置环境。现在你的连接是Mysql，这不能使用sqlite的内存设置。

<server name="DB_CONNECTION" value="sqlite"/>
<server name="DB_DATABASE" value=":memory:"/>

【讨论】：

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