数据库编辑后无法在我的 Heroku 应用程序上查看用户配置文件

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【中文标题】数据库编辑后无法在我的 Heroku 应用程序上查看用户配置文件【英文标题】：Can't view user profiles on my Heroku app after database edit 【发布时间】：2013-04-12 23:38:24 【问题描述】：

我刚刚在 Heroku 上为我的应用创建了一个管理员配置文件。我通过使用 pgAdminIII 进入我的 Heroku 生产数据库来做到这一点，如 here 所述，在数据库中我只是将我的用户配置文件的管理字段更改为 true。

到目前为止，我在大多数应用程序中都拥有管理员访问权限，但是当我尝试在应用程序上查看我的管理员配置文件时，我收到了错误 很抱歉，但出了点问题。

strong> 当我使用普通用户配置文件登录时，我仍然可以轻松查看该配置文件。

heroku 日志说有一个undefined method 'name'，但我不明白这个错误，因为当我尝试访问我的生产环境或开发环境中的任何地方的其他配置文件时，它没有显示。

我的users/show.html.erb 中确实有一个if current_user.try(:admin?) 条件，但这不会在我的开发环境中抛出任何错误。

我不确定这里出了什么问题，我是 Web 开发的新手，通过 pgAdmin 编辑生产数据库是不是很糟糕？它似乎在工作中扔了一把扳手。

管理员配置文件 GET 的 Heroku 日志

2013-04-19T14:06:10.911478+00:00 app[web.1]: => Booting WEBrick
2013-04-19T14:06:10.911478+00:00 app[web.1]: => Rails 3.2.12 application starting in production on http://0.0.0.0:54611
2013-04-19T14:06:10.911478+00:00 app[web.1]: => Call with -d to detach
2013-04-19T14:06:10.911478+00:00 app[web.1]: => Ctrl-C to shutdown server
2013-04-19T14:06:10.911478+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/users/1" for 86.47.2.244 at 2013-04-19 14:06:10 +0000
2013-04-19T14:06:11.037505+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by UsersController#show as HTML
2013-04-19T14:06:11.037505+00:00 app[web.1]:   Parameters: "id"=>"1"
2013-04-19T14:06:11.439430+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 402ms
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]: ActionView::Template::Error (undefined method `name' for nil:NilClass):
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]:     28:           <tr>
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]:     29:           <% @user.photos.each do |photo| %>
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]:     30:             <td class='user_pics'>
2013-04-19T14:06:11.439430+00:00 app[web.1]:   Rendered users/show.html.erb within layouts/application (283.4ms)
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]:     33:               <%= link_to t('.destroy', :default => t("helpers.links.destroy")), photo_path(photo),:method => :delete, :data =>  :confirm => t('.confirm', :default => t("helpers.links.confirm", :default => 'Are you sure?')) ,:class => 'btn btn-mini btn-danger' %>
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]:     34:             </td>
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]:     31:               <h6><%= get_hike_name_by_photo(photo.hikingtrail_id) %></h6>
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441495+00:00 app[web.1]:   app/views/users/show.html.erb:31:in `block in _app_views_users_show_html_erb__1466921769571898123_36255720'
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]:   app/helpers/users_helper.rb:4:in `get_hike_name_by_photo'
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441222+00:00 app[web.1]:     32:               <%= image_tag photo.image_url(:thumb).to_s %> <br />
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441495+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441495+00:00 app[web.1]:   app/views/users/show.html.erb:29:in `_app_views_users_show_html_erb__1466921769571898123_36255720'
2013-04-19T14:06:11.441495+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:06:11.445147+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/users/1 host=hiking-project.herokuapp.com fwd="86.47.2.244" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=548ms status=500 bytes=643

非管理员配置文件 GET 的 Heroku 日志

2013-04-19T14:07:42.861730+00:00 app[web.1]:   Parameters: "id"=>"2"
2013-04-19T14:07:42.857372+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/users/2" for 86.47.2.244 at 2013-04-19 14:07:42 +0000
2013-04-19T14:07:42.861675+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by UsersController#show as HTML
2013-04-19T14:07:42.889420+00:00 app[web.1]:   Rendered users/show.html.erb within layouts/application (24.2ms)
2013-04-19T14:07:42.900768+00:00 app[web.1]:   Rendered layouts/_navbar.html.erb (2.2ms)
2013-04-19T14:07:42.901987+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 200 OK in 40ms (Views: 28.3ms | ActiveRecord: 11.0ms)
2013-04-19T14:07:42.901785+00:00 app[web.1]:   Rendered layouts/_footer.html.erb (0.6ms)
2013-04-19T14:07:42.905317+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/users/2 host=hiking-project.herokuapp.com fwd="86.47.2.244" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=53ms status=200 bytes=6621
2013-04-19T14:07:43.100688+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/assets/application-5343b16e766707937994ff5eeed67d4a.css host=hiking-project.herokuapp.com fwd="86.47.2.244" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=6ms status=304 bytes=0
2013-04-19T14:07:43.209119+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/assets/application-2f6741be57170d2a4f223dd28b4827c8.js host=hiking-project.herokuapp.com fwd="86.47.2.244" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=4ms status=304 bytes=0
2013-04-19T14:07:43.263057+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/uploads/photo/image/12/thumb_View_from_spink.jpg host=hiking-project.herokuapp.com fwd="86.47.2.244" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=25ms status=404 bytes=728
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]: ActionController::RoutingError (No route matches [GET] "/uploads/photo/image/11/thumb_spink_sleepers.jpg"):
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:32:in `call_app'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:56:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:16:in `block in call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/engine.rb:479:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/lock.rb:15:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:62:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/content_length.rb:14:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]:   /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:111:in `service'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]:   /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/server.rb:183:in `block in start_thread'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:136:in `forward'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:245:in `fetch'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:185:in `lookup'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache.rb:72:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/lock.rb:15:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:136:in `forward'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:66:in `call!'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:66:in `call!'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:51:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/engine.rb:479:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:22:in `tagged'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:21:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:32:in `call_app'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261755+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/application.rb:223:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261755+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/content_length.rb:14:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261755+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/rack/log_tailer.rb:17:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:16:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:22:in `tagged'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:16:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:59:in `service'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261755+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:59:in `service'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261
755+00:00 app[web.1]:   /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:111:in `service'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:16:in `block in call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:21:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261755+00:00 app[web.1]:   /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:70:in `run'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261755+00:00 app[web.1]:   /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/server.rb:183:in `block in start_thread'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.248790+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/uploads/photo/image/11/thumb_spink_sleepers.jpg" for 86.47.2.244 at 2013-04-19 14:07:43 +0000
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/rack/log_tailer.rb:17:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:56:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:07:43.258182+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/uploads/photo/image/12/thumb_View_from_spink.jpg" for 86.47.2.244 at 2013-04-19 14:07:43 +0000
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:22:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]: ActionController::RoutingError (No route matches [GET] "/uploads/photo/image/12/thumb_View_from_spink.jpg"):
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:21:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261295+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:21:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256301+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:22:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:62:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261755+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261755+00:00 app[web.1]: 
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:245:in `fetch'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/application.rb:223:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256817+00:00 app[web.1]:   /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/httpserver.rb:70:in `run'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.261546+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-1.4.5/lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache.rb:72:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:185:in `lookup'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.256566+00:00 app[web.1]:   vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rack-cache-1.2/lib/rack/cache/context.rb:51:in `call'
2013-04-19T14:07:43.257395+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/uploads/photo/image/11/thumb_spink_sleepers.jpg host=hiking-project.herokuapp.com fwd="86.47.2.244" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=12ms status=404 bytes=728

users/show.html.erb

<div class="page-header">
  <h1 class='float_left'>Your Profile</h1>
  <%= link_to "Edit your Profile", edit_user_path(current_user), :class => 'btn btn-primary float_right' %>
  <div class='clear_float'></div>
</div>


<p>
  <b>username:</b>
  <%= @user.user_name %>
</p>

<p>
  <b>email:</b>
  <%= @user.email %>
</p>

<div class="accordion" id="accordion2">
  <div class="accordion-group">
    <div class="accordion-heading">
      <a class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion2" href="#collapseOne">
        Your Photos
      </a>
    </div>
    <div id="collapseOne" class="accordion-body collapse in">
      <div class="accordion-inner">
        <table>
          <tr>
          <% @user.photos.each do |photo| %>
            <td class='user_pics'>
              <h6><%= get_hike_name_by_photo(photo.hikingtrail_id) %></h6>
              <%= image_tag photo.image_url(:thumb).to_s %> <br />
              <%= link_to t('.destroy', :default => t("helpers.links.destroy")), photo_path(photo),:method => :delete, :data =>  :confirm => t('.confirm', :default => t("helpers.links.confirm", :default => 'Are you sure?')) ,:class => 'btn btn-mini btn-danger' %>
            </td>
          <% end %>
          </tr>
        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

    <div class="accordion-group">
    <div class="accordion-heading">
      <a class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#accordion2" href="#collapseTwo">
        Hikes You Created
      </a>
    </div>
    <div id="collapseTwo" class="accordion-body collapse">
      <div class="accordion-inner">
       <table class="table table-striped">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th>Name</th>
              <th>Brief Description</th>
              <th style="min-width:120px;">Location</th>
              <th>Country</th>
              <th>Looped</th>
              <th style="min-width:100px;">Duration</th>
              <th></th>
              <th></th>
              <th></th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
        <% @user.hikingtrails.each do |hikingtrail| %><tr>
            <tr>
                <td><%= link_to hikingtrail.name, hikingtrail_path(hikingtrail) %></td>
                <td><%= truncate(hikingtrail.description, :length => 95, :separator => ' ') %></td>
                <!-- <td><%= hikingtrail.description %></td> -->
                <td><%= hikingtrail.addr_2.capitalize %>, <%= hikingtrail.addr_3.capitalize %></td>
                <td><%= hikingtrail.country %></td>
                <td><%= boolean_to_yes_or_no(hikingtrail.looped) %></td>
                <td><%= hikingtrail.duration_hours %>hrs <%= hikingtrail.duration_mins %>mins</td>
                <td>
                  <%= link_to t('.edit', :default => t("helpers.links.edit")),edit_hikingtrail_path(hikingtrail), :class => 'btn btn-mini' %>
                  <% if current_user.try(:admin?) %>
                  <%= link_to t('.destroy', :default => t("helpers.links.destroy")),
                              hikingtrail_path(hikingtrail),
                              :method => :delete,
                              :data =>  :confirm => t('.confirm', :default => t("helpers.links.confirm", :default => 'Are you sure?')) ,
                              :class => 'btn btn-mini btn-danger' %>
                  <% end %>
                </td>
              </tr>
            <% end %>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

【问题讨论】：

【参考方案1】：

每个hikingtrail 中都有name 值吗？当您收到NilClass 错误时，这意味着您正在尝试调用不存在的东西。在这种情况下，undefined method 'name' for nil:NilClass 表示您要求的 name 不在数据库中。检查这一行：

<td><%= link_to hikingtrail.name, hikingtrail_path(hikingtrail) %></td>

并将其更改为：

<td><%= link_to hikingtrail.name, hikingtrail_path(hikingtrail) if hikingtrail.name.present? %></td>

【讨论】：

谢谢bcackerman，我确实想到了，但是每个hikingtrail 都必须有一个名字，我为它设置了验证规则。

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