如何通过参数将大于 200 个字符的字符串传递给存储过程

Posted 2023-03-11

【中文标题】如何通过参数将大于 200 个字符的字符串传递给存储过程

【英文标题】：How to pass a string larger than 200 character to a stored procedure via param

【发布时间】：2017-06-12 00:39:18

【问题描述】：

我遇到了一个问题，在我的代码中，我必须对数据表中存在的所有文章进行求和请求，我将所有文章 ID 连接到一个字符串中，例如“a1,a2,a3”，这是假定的上班。

但是我有大 ID 和大约 150 篇文章，所以我尝试传递给存储过程的字符串大约是 1300 个字符，当它进入存储过程时会被截断为 200 个字符。

你知道有什么解决方案可以在没有 SQL Server 截断这个字符串的情况下将大字符串传递给存储过程吗？

如果能帮到你，我可以在这里写C#代码或SQL存储过程。

这是存储过程：

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetChargePetrin]
-- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
@articlesList varchar(MAX)
AS

BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

        SELECT 
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa01 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa1',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa02 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa2',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa03 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa3',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa04 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa4',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa05 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa5',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa06 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa6',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa07 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa7',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa08 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa8',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa09 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa9',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa10 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa10',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa11 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa11',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa12 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa12',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa13 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa13',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa14 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa14',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa15 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa15',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa16 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa16',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa17 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa17',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa18 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa18',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa19 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa19',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa20 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa20',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa21 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa21',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa22 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa22',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa23 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa23',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa24 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa24',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa25 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa25',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa26 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa26',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa27 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa27',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa28 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa28',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa29 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa29',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa30 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa30',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa31 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa31',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa32 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa32',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa33 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa33',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa34 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa34',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa35 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa35',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa36 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa36',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa37 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa37',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa38 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa38',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa39 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa39',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa40 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa40',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa41 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa41',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa42 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa42',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa43 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa43',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa44 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa44',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa45 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa45',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa46 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa46',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa47 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa47',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa48 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa48',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa49 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa49',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa50 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa50',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa51 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa51',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa52 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa52',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa53 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa53',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa54 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa54',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa55 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa55',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa56 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa56',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa57 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa57',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa58 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa58',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa59 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa59',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa60 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa60'
        FROM [PDP_TTP].[dbo].[PDP] p
        inner join [PDP_TTP].[dbo].[Articles] a ON a.Division=p.Division and a.Code_article=p.Code_article
        WHERE CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT) >0 and a.Code_article IN( SELECT Id = Item FROM dbo.SplitInts(@articlesList, ','));

END

【问题讨论】：

我们需要查看您的存储过程。例如，param 很有可能是 varchar(200)，然后答案就很明显了！

您应该查看表值参数，而不是传递分隔字符串。当您传递分隔字符串时，您要么必须拆分它们，要么通过动态 sql 暴露 sql 注入漏洞。

所以存储过程并没有限制长度，也许 C# 为该参数指定了 200 的长度（所有帐户都这样做）。也许您可以从调试代码开始，而不是让我们猜测！

....所以通过消除过程，您认为它可能是什么？ （提示：见我之前的评论）

在包含示例查询的最后一次更新中，我敦促您规范化此表。 Qa1-60 尖叫着可怕的设计，并通过重复列违反了 1NF。考虑一下添加 Qa70-90 会有多痛苦。您必须为每个查询添加 20 个新列。如果这被正确规范化，您将添加新行，并且您的任何查询都不必更改。

【参考方案1】：

我同意 Sean Lange 的评论，并建议使用表值参数而不是发送字符串并在 sql 中解析它 为此，您需要在 sql server 中创建用户定义的表类型：

CREATE TYPE dbo.ArticleIds as table
(
    Id varchar(10) -- should be the same as Code_article definition!
)
GO

然后将其用作

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetChargePetrin]
-- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
    @articlesList dbo.ArticleIds readonly -- Must be readonly!
AS

BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;

        SELECT 
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa01 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa1',
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa02 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa2',
        -- ... more of the same
        CAST(SUM(CAST(Qa60 AS INT) /CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT)) AS varchar) as 'qa60'
        FROM [PDP_TTP].[dbo].[PDP] p
        INNER JOIN [PDP_TTP].[dbo].[Articles] a ON a.Division=p.Division AND a.Code_article=p.Code_article
        INNER JOIN @articlesList al ON a.Code_article = al.Id
        WHERE CAST(a.CO_UQB_PET AS INT) > 0 

END

要使用 ADO.NET 从 c# 执行带有表值参数的存储过程，您需要发送一个类型为 SqlDbType.Structured 的参数并传递一个 DataTable 作为它的值。

【讨论】：

我会使用你的解决方案。起初我没有想到我将来会有超过 500 篇文章，所以我需要你的解决方案来处理这么多文章。谢谢

我刚刚完成了您的解决方案的实施和测试，效果很好，感谢您花时间向我展示带有 sql 示例的最佳解决方案，您拯救了我的一天！

【参考方案2】：

我的方法中有p.Size = 200; 添加 Sql 参数，我必须将其更改为 p.Size = 8000; 并且它正在工作。

感谢大家的帮助！

【讨论】：

这将一直有效，直到您超过 8,000 个字符。构建此过程对于可伸缩性、性能和可维护性会更好，因此无论您拥有多少值都无关紧要。这是表值参数真正擅长的地方。 msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb510489.aspx