根据 dplyr 与另一个数据框的匹配更改数据框中的列名
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【中文标题】根据 dplyr 与另一个数据框的匹配更改数据框中的列名【英文标题】：Change column names in dataframe based on matching to another dataframe by dplyr 【发布时间】：2020-05-23 14:03:10 【问题描述】：我有一个数据框，我想通过匹配另一个数据框来更改列名。
具有数据和列名的示例数据框：
df <- data.frame("Gene_Symbol" = c("Gene1","Gene2","Gene3","Gene4","Gene5","Gene6","Gene7"),
"Sample1" = c(85657.97656,54417.78906,110949.3281,53197.45313,87156.80469,NA,23880.2832),
"Sample2" = c(10423.40918,41660.73047,40094.54688,49519.78125,129387.1094,NA,23903.25977),
"Sample3" = c(18778.68359,43655.79688,NA,57447.08984,113266.1484,44810.26172,26316.6543),
"Sample4" = c(23919.53125,47829.02344,NA,51478.58203,116275.3359,43110.94922,25417.45508),
"Sample5" = c(NA,46677.20313,63389.45313,48722.15234,NA,77135.52344,40265.6875),
"Sample6" = c(NA,68596.22656,56802.60938,44712.64063,NA,47744.17969,33689.62891),
"Sample7" = c(NA,80506.14844,48722.99219,38629.00781,NA,37885,36638.02344))
我想用来从 Sample 交换到上面 df 中的 Tumor 编号的 datframe。
df2 <- data.frame("Sample_name" = c("Sample1","Sample2","Sample3","Sample4","Sample5","Sample6", "Sample7"), "Tumor_name" = c("Tumor56", "Tumor17", "Tumor99", "Tumor2", "Tumor34", "Tumor84", "Tumor51"))
我在 dplyr 中找到了一个方法，见下文，但感觉非常精细。有没有更简单的方法？
library(tidyverse)
df %>%
column_to_rownames("Gene_Symbol")%>% # Bring Gene_Symbol to row name before transpose
t()%>% # Transpose to be able to use join
data.frame()%>% # Transpose makes a matrix - make dataframe again
rownames_to_column("Sample_name")%>% # Bring sample names to column to use join
left_join(., df2, by = "Sample_name", copy = TRUE) %>% # Join by Sample_name column in both data sets
column_to_rownames("Tumor_name")%>% # Bring Tumor names to row name before transpose
select(-Sample_name)%>% # Drop Sample name column
t()%>% # Transpose
data.frame()%>% # Transpose makes a matrix - make dataframe again
rownames_to_column("Gene_Symbol") # Transfer rownames to column again
匹配交换名称会很好，因为我可以预见我需要对列名称的子集执行此操作。看着重命名，但无法让它工作。 另外，当我转置时，我得到一个矩阵，这是为什么呢？
感谢帮助 亨里克
【问题讨论】：
意识到我可以在 dplyr 和命名字符中使用重命名。 df3 % rename(., !!df3) 但是如何导入命名字符列表？ 【参考方案1】：我们可以使用match
names(df)[-1] <- as.character(df2$Tumor_name[match(names(df)[-1], df2$Sample_name)])
df
# Gene_Symbol Tumor56 Tumor17 Tumor99 Tumor2 Tumor34 Tumor84 Tumor51
#1 Gene1 85657.98 10423.41 18778.68 23919.53 NA NA NA
#2 Gene2 54417.79 41660.73 43655.80 47829.02 46677.20 68596.23 80506.15
#3 Gene3 110949.33 40094.55 NA NA 63389.45 56802.61 48722.99
#4 Gene4 53197.45 49519.78 57447.09 51478.58 48722.15 44712.64 38629.01
#5 Gene5 87156.80 129387.11 113266.15 116275.34 NA NA NA
#6 Gene6 NA NA 44810.26 43110.95 77135.52 47744.18 37885.00
#7 Gene7 23880.28 23903.26 26316.65 25417.46 40265.69 33689.63 36638.02
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：我们可以从宽到长重新整形，合并，然后再重新整形到从长到宽：
library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
pivot_longer(df, cols = starts_with("S"), names_to = "Sample_name") %>%
left_join(df2, by = "Sample_name") %>%
pivot_wider(id_cols = Gene_Symbol, names_from = Tumor_name, values_from = value)
## A tibble: 7 x 8
# Gene_Symbol Tumor56 Tumor17 Tumor99 Tumor2 Tumor34 Tumor84 Tumor51
# <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#1 Gene1 85658. 10423. 18779. 23920. NA NA NA
#2 Gene2 54418. 41661. 43656. 47829. 46677. 68596. 80506.
#3 Gene3 110949. 40095. NA NA 63389. 56803. 48723.
#4 Gene4 53197. 49520. 57447. 51479. 48722. 44713. 38629.
#5 Gene5 87157. 129387. 113266. 116275. NA NA NA
#6 Gene6 NA NA 44810. 43111. 77136. 47744. 37885
#7 Gene7 23880. 23903. 26317. 25417. 40266. 33690. 36638.
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：利用dplyr 和stringr 的一种方法可能是：
df %>%
rename_at(vars(starts_with("Sample")),
~ str_replace_all(., setNames(df2$Tumor_name, df2$Sample_name)))
Gene_Symbol Tumor56 Tumor17 Tumor99 Tumor2 Tumor34 Tumor84 Tumor51
1 Gene1 85657.98 10423.41 18778.68 23919.53 NA NA NA
2 Gene2 54417.79 41660.73 43655.80 47829.02 46677.20 68596.23 80506.15
3 Gene3 110949.33 40094.55 NA NA 63389.45 56802.61 48722.99
4 Gene4 53197.45 49519.78 57447.09 51478.58 48722.15 44712.64 38629.01
5 Gene5 87156.80 129387.11 113266.15 116275.34 NA NA NA
6 Gene6 NA NA 44810.26 43110.95 77135.52 47744.18 37885.00
7 Gene7 23880.28 23903.26 26316.65 25417.46 40265.69 33689.63 36638.02
【讨论】：
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