使用 powershell 和 7zip 创建存档的脚本

Posted 2023-03-06

【中文标题】使用 powershell 和 7zip 创建存档的脚本

【英文标题】：Script to create archive using powershell and 7zip

【发布时间】：2012-11-01 15:31:55

【问题描述】：

我们有几台服务器每天将日志文件写入 C:\Logs。每个月，应该运行一个脚本来识别超过 30 天的文件，将它们存档，并删除源文件。 C:\Logs 文件夹包含日志文件，以及还包含日志文件的子文件夹（名为 1234、4567、7890）。作为 Powershell 的新手，我将下面的脚本放在一起，希望可以自动执行此任务。

该脚本能够识别超过 30 天的文件（我在测试时让它输出了文件名）但是当存档例程开始时，它会将所有内容压缩到 C:\Logs 文件夹中并执行不保留子文件夹结构。

脚本可能不是以最好的方式编写的，所以，如果您对我如何改进它并让它做它需要做的事情有任何建议，我很想听听任何建议。

$Hname = hostname #Name of server
$Source = "C:\logs" #Folder where log files reside
$Archive = "C:\logs\$hname\Archive.zip" #Folder where archive file will be created
$Extension = "*.txt" #Only files with this extension will be identified and archived
$Date = Get-Date #Today's date
$Days = "30" #Number of days past today's date that will be archived
$Files  =  get-childitem $Source  -include $Extension -recurse | Where-Object $_.LastWriteTime -lt $Date.AddDays(-$Days)                                                         
$FileNames = ""

foreach ($File in $Files)

    write-host "File Name : $File " $File.LastWriteTime 
    $FileNames = $FileNames + " " + $File  

write-host "Files to archive : " $FileNames

if($FileNames.Trim() -ne "")

    [string]$Zip = "C:\apps\7-zip\7z.exe"; #path to 7Zip executable
    [array]$arguments = "a", "-tzip", "-y", $Archive, $Source+$Extension;
    & $Zip $arguments ;


foreach ($File in $Files)

    write-host "Deleting file :"$File
    #remove-item $File -exclude *.zip

else

    write-host "No files to archive"


write-host "Archive Completed" 

【问题讨论】：

问题是你告诉 7zip 只压缩源目录中的*.txt 文件（非递归）。相反，您需要将您在 var $Files 中收集的文件列表传递给它。毕竟，你做了所有这些工作，为什么不使用它呢？您可能还需要设置工作目录（-w 选项）。

【参考方案1】：

    $Hname = hostname #Name of server
    $Source = "C:\logs" #Folder where log files reside
    $Archive = "C:\logs\$hname\Archive.zip" #Folder where archive file will be created
    $Extension = "*.txt" #Only files with this extension will be identified and archived

    $Days = "30" #Number of days past today's date that will be archived
    $CutDay = [DateTime]::Now.AddDays($Days)
    $Files  =  get-childitem $Source  -include $Extension -recurse | Where-Object $_.LastWriteTime -lt $CutDay                                                         

    foreach ($File in $Files)
    
        write-host "File Name : $File " $File.LastWriteTime 
    

    pushd $Source
    $FileNames = @($Files | %$_.FullName.Substring($Source.Length+1) )

    if($FileNames.Count -ne 0)
    
        [string]$Zip = "C:\apps\7-zip\7z.exe"; #path to 7Zip executable
        [array]$arguments = @("a", "-tzip", "-y", $Archive) + $FileNames
        & $Zip $arguments ;
    

    foreach ($File in $Files)
    
        write-host "Deleting file :"$File
        #remove-item $File -exclude *.zip
    
    else
    
        write-host "No files to archive"
    

    write-host "Archive Completed" 

【讨论】：

感谢更新代码。我运行它，这是我得到的错误：方法调用失败，因为 [System.Object[]] 不包含名为“Trim”的方法。在 C:\Users\b012991\Desktop\semi_final.ps1:20 char:19 + if($FileNames.Trim

# hi @user1791716，对不起，我没有测试完整的脚本。我已经做出改变了

【参考方案2】：

你必须使用 7zip 吗？

我使用dotnetzip 完成了相同的任务，并且能够保存文件夹结构。

这是我的代码，您可以使用它并向其中添加您的日期逻辑：

[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadFrom("c:\\\User\\bin\\Ionic.Zip.dll");
$zipfile = new-object Ionic.Zip.ZipFile("C:\user\temp\logs\TestZIP.zip");

$directory = "C:\user\temp\logs\"
$children = get-childitem -path $directory
foreach ($o in $children)

   if($o.Name.EndsWith(".log"))
      $e = $zipfile.AddFile($o.FullName)
   

$zipfile.Save()
$zipfile.Dispose()

【参考方案3】：

在阅读了更多内容并使用了此处发布的脚本和帮助之后，我想出了一些可以满足我需要的东西。我确信有更好的方法来解决它（比如添加更多逻辑和 if/then 语句），但这已经足够好了。当我在编写 powershell 脚本方面做得更好时，我可能会重新审视这个脚本。这就是我得到的...

#========================================================
#
#           Log Archive & Move Script
#           Ver. 1.0.0  11/12/2012
#
#========================================================

#Machine hostname - needed for archive creation and identification
$hname = hostname

#Map network drive
$net = $(New-Object -Com WScript.Network)
$net.MapNetworkDrive("X:", "\\your network share\your folder",  
$false, "domain\user", "password") 

#Network folder where archive will be moved and stored
$newdir = "X:\your folder\$hname"

#Archive log entry
$log = "c:\logs\"+ $today + " " + $hname + " " + "Log Archive.txt"

#Local folder where archive file will be created
$archive = "C:\temp\"+ $today + " " + $hname + ".zip" 

#Path to network folder
$archpath = "$newdir" 

#Today's date
$Now = Get-Date 

#Today's date formatted for archive file creation
$today = Get-Date -f MM-yyyy 

#Files older than $Days will be archived and deleted
$Days = "45" 

#Folder where files you want archived are stored
$TargetFolder = "C:\Folder\Logs" 

#Only files with this extension will be archived and deleted
$Extension = "*.txt" 

$LastWrite = $Now.AddDays(-$Days)
$Files = Get-Childitem $TargetFolder -Include $Extension -Recurse | Where $_.LastWriteTime -   le "$LastWrite"
$allfiles = "C:\temp\@()"

new-item $newdir -itemtype directory -force



#=================================================
#                        
#   -Identify log files older than x days
#   -Create zip archive
#   -List which files were archived
#   -Write log entry
#
#=================================================

foreach ($File in $Files)  
 

add-content -path $log -value "Archived: $file  to $archive  on $Now succesfully"

if ($File -ne $NULL)
    

function create-7zip ([string] $TargetFolder)
#path to 7Zip executable
[string]$Zip = "C:\path to 7zip\7-zip\7z.exe"; 
[array]$args = "a", "-tzip", "-y", "-r", "$archive";

& $Zip $args $file;



    write-host "Archiving File $File" -ForegroundColor "Blue" 
    create-7zip | Out-File $allfiles
    
else
    
    Write-Host "No files to archive" -foregroundcolor "Red"
    






#=================================================
#                       
#   -Delete files that were already archived
#   -Exclude newly created zip file
#   -List which files were deleted
#   -Write log entry
#
#=================================================     

foreach ($File in $Files)

write-host "Deleting file :"$File
remove-item $File -exclude *.zip
add-content -path $log -value "Deleted file:`t$file succesfully"





#======================================================
#                       
#   -Create folder in log archive repository
#   -Move zip archive to long term storage
#   -List files that were moved
#   -Write log entry
#
#====================================================== 

new-item $newdir -itemtype directory -force
try

Move-Item $archive -destination $archpath -force -ErrorAction:SilentlyContinue
"Moved $archive to $archpath at $now successfully   `r`n=================================================================================================    ========================================`r`n" | add-content $log

catch

"Error moving $archive:" | add-content $log

write-progress -activity "Moving Archive" -status "Progress:"


#=========================================================
#                       
#   -Email log to recepients with a brief explanation
#
#=========================================================

$Mail = @
SMTPServer = '127.0.0.1'
Body = 'Log archive operations have completed on server:' + "  " + $hname + "  " + '@' + "  " +    $now  
To = '[e-mail]'
From = $hname + '@mail.com'
Subject = $hname + " " + 'Log Archive Created'
 
"c:\logs\"+ $today + " " + $hname + " " + "Log Archive.txt" | Send-MailMessage @Mail


#=========================================================
#                       
#   -Disconnect mapped network drive used to move archive
#
#=========================================================

$net.RemoveNetworkDrive("x:") 


#=========================================================
#                       
#   -Finish script
#
#=========================================================

write-host -foregroundcolor "Red" "`r`n Archive Completed. Email Sent"