如何修复“加载应用程序上下文失败，至少必须存在 1 个 JPA 元模型”
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【中文标题】如何修复“加载应用程序上下文失败，至少必须存在 1 个 JPA 元模型”【英文标题】：how to fix "Failed to Load Application Context at least 1 JPA metamodel must be present" 【发布时间】：2019-06-13 18:47:18 【问题描述】：我是 springboot 新手，我正在尝试解决以下运行时错误：
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jpaAuditingHandler': Cannot resolve reference to bean 'jpaMappingContext' while setting constructor argument; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jpaMappingContext': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: At least one JPA metamodel must be present!
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'jpaMappingContext': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: At least one JPA metamodel must be present!
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: At least one JPA metamodel must be present!
任何帮助将不胜感激
这是我的 pom：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>io.rosesnconcrete.services</groupId>
<artifactId>sixersfacts</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>sixersfacts</name>
<description>restful service for sixers facts</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.10.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
这是我的 app.properties：
spring.data.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sixersfacts_app?useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username = root
spring.datasource.password = root
spring.datasource.testWhileIdle = true
spring.datasource.validationQuery = SELECT 1
spring.jpa.show-sql = true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect =
org.hibernate.dialect.MYSQL5Dialect
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update
spring.autoconfigure.exclude =
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration
这是我的模型：
package io.rosesnconcrete.services.model;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.CreatedDate;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.LastModifiedDate;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.support.AuditingEntityListener;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
@Entity
@Table(name = "facts")
@EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener.class)
@JsonIgnoreProperties(value = "createdAt", "updatedAt", allowGetters =
true)
public class SixersFact implements Serializable
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;
@NotBlank
private String title;
@NotBlank
private String content;
@Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
@CreatedDate
private Date createdAt;
@Column(nullable = false)
@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
@LastModifiedDate
private Date updatedAt;
public Long getId()
return id;
public void setId(Long id)
this.id = id;
public String getTitle()
return title;
public void setTitle(String title)
this.title = title;
public String getContent()
return content;
public void setContent(String content)
this.content = content;
public Date getCreatedAt()
return createdAt;
public void setCreatedAt(Date createdAt)
this.createdAt = createdAt;
public Date getUpdatedAt()
return updatedAt;
public void setUpdatedAt(Date updatedAt)
this.updatedAt = updatedAt;
@Override
public String toString()
return "SixersFact" +
"id=" + id +
", title='" + title + '\'' +
", content='" + content + '\'' +
", createdAt=" + createdAt +
", updatedAt=" + updatedAt +
'';
这里是回购：
package io.rosesnconcrete.services.repository;
import io.rosesnconcrete.services.model.SixersFact;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository
public interface SixersFactRepository extends
JpaRepository<SixersFact,Long>
这是应用程序：
package io.rosesnconcrete.services.sixersfacts;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaAuditing;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableJpaAuditing
public class SixersfactsApplication
public static void main(String[] args)
SpringApplication.run(SixersfactsApplication.class, args);
【问题讨论】：
为什么需要排除entitymanager依赖？ @code_Baldy 你能把你的 SixersfactsApplication 移到 o.rosesnconcrete.services 包下并运行测试吗？ 【参考方案1】：@SpringBootApplication 仅扫描当前（和子）包（see1），因此io.rosesnconcrete.services.model 和io.rosesnconcrete.services.repository 都不会被（spring 的）“组件扫描”拾取。并且在类路径中使用spring-boot-starter-data-jpa并且没有@Entityies（在春季上下文中）会导致此错误消息。 (see2)
快速且“按设计”的解决方案：
将SixersfactsApplication 移动到io.rosesnconcrete.services 包（.. 甚至更高）。
【讨论】：
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