JavaFx GridPane 中的相对大小
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【中文标题】JavaFx GridPane 中的相对大小【英文标题】:Relative sizing in JavaFx GridPane 【发布时间】:2020-12-05 04:19:30 【问题描述】:如何使用GridPane
上的权重设置行/列大小?
例如,如果我想要五行,其中三行是未知的固定大小,一排占用剩余空间的三分之一,另一排占用剩余空间的三分之二(见下图),我该如何实现?
我查看了使用RowConstraints
,其中两个有row.setVgrow(Priority.ALWAYS);
,但这仅允许平均共享剩余空间。
我尝试使用百分比,正如我在文档 that if the sum of the widthPercent (or heightPercent) values total greater than 100, the values will be treated as weights. e.g. if 3 columns are each given a widthPercent of 50, then each will be allocated 1/3 of the gridpane's available width (50/(50+50+50)).
中看到的那样
问题是,当我尝试这样做时,我丢失了部分应用程序
我想这也是文档中提到An application may freely mix the size-types of rows/columns (computed from content, fixed, or percentage). The percentage rows/columns will always be allocated space first based on their percentage of the gridpane's available space (size minus insets and gaps). The remaining space will be allocated to rows/columns given their minimum, preferred, and maximum sizes and grow priorities.
的部分原因
JavaFx MCVE
package sample;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.geometry.Pos;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.layout.Background;
import javafx.scene.layout.BackgroundFill;
import javafx.scene.layout.ColumnConstraints;
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.Priority;
import javafx.scene.layout.RowConstraints;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class Main extends Application
public static void main(String[] args)
launch(args);
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage)
GridPane root = new GridPane();
root.setGridLinesVisible(true);
ColumnConstraints columnOneConstraints = new ColumnConstraints();
columnOneConstraints.setHgrow(Priority.ALWAYS);
root.getColumnConstraints().addAll(columnOneConstraints);
RowConstraints rowOneConstraints = new RowConstraints();
RowConstraints rowTwoConstraints = new RowConstraints();
rowTwoConstraints.setVgrow(Priority.ALWAYS);
rowTwoConstraints.setPercentHeight(2000);
RowConstraints rowThreeConstraints = new RowConstraints();
RowConstraints rowFourConstraints = new RowConstraints();
rowFourConstraints.setVgrow(Priority.ALWAYS);
rowFourConstraints.setPercentHeight(1000);
RowConstraints rowFiveConstraints = new RowConstraints();
root.getRowConstraints().addAll(
rowOneConstraints,
rowTwoConstraints,
rowThreeConstraints,
rowFourConstraints,
rowFiveConstraints
);
Background red = new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.RED, null, null));
Background blue = new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.BLUE, null, null));
Label rowOne = new Label("R1: Unknown Fixed Size");
rowOne.backgroundProperty().set(red);
rowOne.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
rowOne.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
rowOne.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowOne.setMaxHeight(Double.MAX_VALUE);
root.add(rowOne, 0, 0, 1, 1);
Label rowTwo = new Label("R2: Grow 2 parts of the remaining space");
rowTwo.backgroundProperty().set(blue);
rowTwo.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowTwo.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
rowTwo.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
rowTwo.setMaxHeight(Double.MAX_VALUE);
root.add(rowTwo, 0, 1, 1, 1);
Label rowThree = new Label("R3: Unknown Fixed Size");
rowThree.backgroundProperty().set(red);
rowThree.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowThree.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
rowThree.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
rowThree.setMaxHeight(Double.MAX_VALUE);
root.add(rowThree, 0, 2, 1, 1);
Label rowFour = new Label("R4: Grow 1 part of the remaining space");
rowFour.backgroundProperty().set(blue);
rowFour.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowFour.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
rowFour.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
rowFour.setMaxHeight(Double.MAX_VALUE);
root.add(rowFour, 0, 3, 1, 1);
Label rowFive = new Label("R5: Unknown Fixed Size");
rowFive.backgroundProperty().set(red);
rowFive.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowFive.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
rowFive.setMaxWidth(Double.MAX_VALUE);
rowFive.setMaxHeight(Double.MAX_VALUE);
root.add(rowFive, 0, 4, 1, 1);
primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root));
primaryStage.sizeToScene();
primaryStage.show();
primaryStage.setMinHeight(primaryStage.getHeight());
primaryStage.setMinWidth(primaryStage.getWidth());
我所追求的可以用 Swing 的 GridBagLayout 生成,但显然这不能与 GridPane
一起使用。
package sample;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
public class Main
public static void main(String[] args)
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints constraints = new GridBagConstraints();
constraints.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
constraints.weightx = 1;
JLabel rowOne = new JLabel("R1: Unknown Fixed Size", SwingConstants.CENTER);
rowOne.setBackground(Color.RED);
rowOne.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
rowOne.setOpaque(true);
constraints.gridy = 0;
constraints.weighty = 0;
panel.add(rowOne, constraints);
JLabel rowTwo = new JLabel("R2: Grow 2 parts of remaining space", SwingConstants.CENTER);
rowTwo.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
rowTwo.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
rowTwo.setOpaque(true);
constraints.gridy = 1;
constraints.weighty = 2;
panel.add(rowTwo, constraints);
JLabel rowThree = new JLabel("R3: Unknown Fixed Size", SwingConstants.CENTER);
rowThree.setBackground(Color.RED);
rowThree.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
rowThree.setOpaque(true);
constraints.gridy = 2;
constraints.weighty = 0;
panel.add(rowThree, constraints);
JLabel rowFour = new JLabel("R4: Grow 1 part of the remaining space", SwingConstants.CENTER);
rowFour.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
rowFour.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
rowFour.setOpaque(true);
constraints.gridy = 3;
constraints.weighty = 1;
panel.add(rowFour, constraints);
JLabel rowFive = new JLabel("R5: Unknown Fixed Size", SwingConstants.CENTER);
rowFive.setBackground(Color.RED);
rowFive.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
rowFive.setOpaque(true);
constraints.gridy = 4;
constraints.weighty = 0;
panel.add(rowFive, constraints);
frame.getContentPane().add(panel);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setMinimumSize(frame.getSize());
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
【问题讨论】:
没有尝试 - 但会遵循您的假设。您可以尝试一个自定义布局,它与 gridPane(扩展或 c&p)大部分相同,但顺序相反:将相对大小的空间计算移动到末尾。 @kleopatra 感谢您的建议。将调查:) 【参考方案1】:如果您能够使用 3rd 方库,就我而言,MigLayout 是一个不错的选择。
它使实现我想要的布局变得简单,它还支持 FXML。
package sample;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.geometry.Pos;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.scene.layout.Background;
import javafx.scene.layout.BackgroundFill;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import org.tbee.javafx.scene.layout.MigPane;
public class Main extends Application
public static void main(String[] args)
launch(args);
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage)
MigPane root = new MigPane(
"fill, debug, wrap, gap 0, insets 0",
"[fill, grow]",
"[fill][fill, grow 2][fill][fill, grow 1][fill]"
);
Background red = new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.RED, null, null));
Background blue = new Background(new BackgroundFill(Color.BLUE, null, null));
Label rowOne = new Label("R1: Unknown Fixed Size");
rowOne.backgroundProperty().set(red);
rowOne.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
rowOne.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
root.add(rowOne);
Label rowTwo = new Label("R2: Grow 2 parts of the remaining space");
rowTwo.backgroundProperty().set(blue);
rowTwo.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowTwo.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
root.add(rowTwo);
Label rowThree = new Label("R3: Unknown Fixed Size");
rowThree.backgroundProperty().set(red);
rowThree.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowThree.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
root.add(rowThree);
Label rowFour = new Label("R4: Grow 1 part of the remaining space");
rowFour.backgroundProperty().set(blue);
rowFour.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowFour.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
root.add(rowFour);
Label rowFive = new Label("R5: Unknown Fixed Size");
rowFive.backgroundProperty().set(red);
rowFive.setTextFill(Color.WHITE);
rowFive.setAlignment(Pos.CENTER);
root.add(rowFive);
primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root));
primaryStage.sizeToScene();
primaryStage.show();
primaryStage.setMinHeight(primaryStage.getHeight());
primaryStage.setMinWidth(primaryStage.getWidth());
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import org.tbee.javafx.scene.layout.fxml.MigPane?>
<MigPane layout="fill, gap 10 10, debug, wrap"
cols="fill, grow"
rows="[][grow 2][][grow 1][]">
<Label text="Row One"
alignment="CENTER" />
<Label text="Row Two"
alignment="CENTER" />
<Label text="Row Three"
alignment="CENTER" />
<Label text="Row Four"
alignment="CENTER" />
<Label text="Row Five"
alignment="CENTER" />
</MigPane>
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:据我所知,仅使用默认 JavaFX GridPane
无法实现您的示例显示的内容。本论坛专业人士的标准答案是:创建您自己的自定义(类似 GridBag)布局。 ;-P
如果您想使用 JavaFX 提供的默认选项,您可以使用 e. G。 BorderPane
和 GridPane
。这并不完全是您的示例所显示的,但也许它接近它。您需要决定它是否足以满足您的需求。
这里是例子:
当第一行和最后一行应该有固定的高度值时,您可以使用BorderPane
作为根。对于中心,您可以拥有一个GridPane
,其中两行具有基于百分比的值。然后它的第二行可以包含 e。 G。 BorderPane
(顶部节点的固定高度)等等。
FXML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Label?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.ColumnConstraints?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.HBox?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.RowConstraints?>
<BorderPane prefHeight="600.0" prefWidth="400.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/11.0.1" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
<top>
<HBox alignment="CENTER" style="-fx-background-color: lightgreen;" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
<children>
<Label text=""R1"" />
</children>
</HBox>
</top>
<bottom>
<HBox alignment="CENTER" style="-fx-background-color: lightgreen;" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
<children>
<Label text=""R5"" />
</children>
</HBox>
</bottom>
<center>
<GridPane BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
<columnConstraints>
<ColumnConstraints halignment="CENTER" hgrow="SOMETIMES" />
</columnConstraints>
<rowConstraints>
<RowConstraints percentHeight="60.0" vgrow="SOMETIMES" />
<RowConstraints percentHeight="40.0" vgrow="SOMETIMES" />
</rowConstraints>
<children>
<HBox alignment="CENTER" style="-fx-background-color: tomato;">
<children>
<Label text=""R2"" />
</children>
</HBox>
<BorderPane GridPane.rowIndex="1">
<center>
<HBox alignment="CENTER" style="-fx-background-color: tomato;">
<children>
<Label text=""R4"" />
</children>
</HBox>
</center>
<top>
<HBox alignment="CENTER" style="-fx-background-color: lightgreen;" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
<children>
<Label text=""R3"" />
</children>
</HBox>
</top>
</BorderPane>
</children>
</GridPane>
</center>
</BorderPane>
【讨论】:
感谢您的回答。我可能会尝试修改布局 从头开始,我刚刚发现 JavaFX 支持 MigLayout,哈哈。我将使用它,但感谢您的帮助以上是关于JavaFx GridPane 中的相对大小的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
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