javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException：没有 EntityManager 具有可用于当前线程的实际事务
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【中文标题】javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException：没有 EntityManager 具有可用于当前线程的实际事务【英文标题】：javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: No EntityManager with actual transaction available for current thread 【发布时间】：2017-10-09 15:04:11 【问题描述】：我使用 Hibernate 创建了我的第一个 Spring MVC 项目。我的 DAO 层使用 JPA EntityManager 与数据库交互。
GenericDao.java：
@Repository
public abstract class GenericDao<T> implements GeneralDao<T>
private Class<T> className;
public GenericDao(Class<T> className)
this.className = className;
@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager entityManager;
public EntityManager getEntityManager()
return entityManager;
@Override
public void add(T object)
try
getEntityManager().persist(object);
catch (HibernateException e)
throw new DaoException(ErrorMessage.ADD_ENTITY_FAIL, e);
@Override
public void update(T object)
try
getEntityManager().merge(object);
catch (HibernateException e)
throw new DaoException(ErrorMessage.UPDATE_ENTITY_FAIL, e);
@Override
public void remove(T object)
try
getEntityManager().remove(object);
catch (HibernateException e)
throw new DaoException(ErrorMessage.REMOVE_ENTITY_FAIL, e);
@Override
public T getById(int id)
try
return getEntityManager().find(this.className, id);
catch (HibernateException e)
throw new DaoException(ErrorMessage.GET_BY_ID_ENTITY_FAIL, e);
public abstract List<T> getAll() throws DaoException;
GenericService.java
@Service
public abstract class GenericService<T> implements GeneralService<T>
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(GenericService.class);
@Autowired
private GenericDao<T> dao;
@Transactional
@Override
public void add(T object) throws ServiceException
try
dao.add(object);
catch (DaoException e)
logger.debug(e);
throw new ServiceException(e.getMessage());
@Transactional
@Override
public void update(T object) throws ServiceException
try
dao.update(object);
catch (DaoException e)
logger.debug(e);
throw new ServiceException(e.getMessage());
@Transactional
@Override
public void remove(T object) throws ServiceException
try
dao.remove(object);
catch (DaoException e)
logger.debug(e);
throw new ServiceException(e.getMessage());
@Transactional(readOnly = true)
@Override
public T getById(int id) throws ServiceException
try
return dao.getById(id);
catch (DaoException e)
logger.debug(e);
throw new ServiceException(e.getMessage());
@Transactional(readOnly = true)
@Override
public List<T> getAll() throws ServiceException
try
return dao.getAll();
catch (DaoException e)
logger.debug(e);
throw new ServiceException(e.getMessage());
UserServiceImpl.java：
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl extends GenericService<User> implements UserService
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserServiceImpl.class);
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Transactional
@Override
public String checkUser(String userLogin, String userPassword) throws ServiceException
String namePage = "errorAuthorization";
List<User> userList;
try
userList = userDao.getByLoginAndPassword(userLogin, userPassword);
catch (DaoException e)
logger.debug(e);
throw new ServiceException(e.getMessage());
if(userList.size() != 0)
return UserRoleChecker.defineUserPage(userList.get(0));
return namePage;
@Transactional
@Override
public void addUser(String userLogin, String userPassword, String userMail) throws ServiceException
Role role = new Role(0L, RoleType.USER);
User user = new User(0L, userLogin, userPassword, userMail, role);
add(user);
UserController.java：
@Controller
public class UserController
private static String className = UserController.class.getName();
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserController.class.getName());
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/check_user", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView authorizationUser(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
String returnPage;
try
returnPage = userService.checkUser(request.getParameter(RequestParameter.USER_LOGIN), request.getParameter(RequestParameter.USER_PASSWORD));
catch (ServiceException e)
logger.debug(e);
returnPage = ErrorHandler.returnErrorPage(e.getMessage(), className);
modelAndView.setViewName(returnPage);
return modelAndView;
@RequestMapping(value = "/add_user", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ModelAndView registrationUser(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
String returnPage = Page.SUCCESSFUL_REGISTRATION;
try
userService.addUser(request.getParameter(RequestParameter.USER_LOGIN), request.getParameter(RequestParameter.USER_PASSWORD), request.getParameter(RequestParameter.USER_MAIL));
catch (ServiceException e)
logger.debug(e);
returnPage = ErrorHandler.returnErrorPage(e.getMessage(), className);
modelAndView.setViewName(returnPage);
return modelAndView;
root-context.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="by.netcracker.artemyev.dao" />
<context:component-scan base-package="by.netcracker.artemyev.service" />
<context:component-scan base-package="by.netcracker.artemyev.web" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource">
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/airline?useSSL=false" />
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
<property name="initialSize" value="5"/>
<property name="maxTotal" value="10"/>
</bean>
<bean id="entityManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan" value="by.netcracker.artemyev" />
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="showSql" value="true" />
<property name="database" value="MYSQL" />
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect" />
</bean>
</property>
<property name="jpaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="debug">true</prop>
<prop key="connection.isolation">2</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.cglib.use_reflection_optimizer">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="jpaDialect" ref="jpaDialect" />
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean id="jpaDialect" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManager" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="jpaDialect" ref="jpaDialect" />
</bean>
</beans>
日志：
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet 2017-05-10 22:23:59,107 DEBUG - Could not complete request
javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: No EntityManager with actual transaction available for current thread - cannot reliably process 'persist' call
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:282)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy27.persist(Unknown Source)
at by.netcracker.artemyev.dao.GenericDao.add(GenericDao.java:35)
at by.netcracker.artemyev.service.GenericService.add(GenericService.java:24)
at by.netcracker.artemyev.service.impl.UserServiceImpl.addUser(UserServiceImpl.java:48)
at by.netcracker.artemyev.web.UserController.registrationUser(UserController.java:45)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205)
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:133)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:97)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:827)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:738)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:963)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:897)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:970)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:872)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:661)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:846)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:230)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:165)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:192)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:165)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:199)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:475)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:80)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:624)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:341)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:495)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:767)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1354)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
为什么我会遇到这个问题以及如何解决？
【问题讨论】：
我对配置投票。 根据您的堆栈跟踪，我们可以看到事务拦截器没有到位，这就是没有活动事务的原因。所以存在某种错误配置。我会说检查您使用哪个@Transaction 注释是 Spring 注释还是 Javax 注释。
你能展示扩展 GenericDao 的类吗？
【参考方案1】：
我通过在控制器/服务上方添加 @Transactional 注释解决了这个问题。
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：您已在问题中显示root-context.xml，但此上下文文件没有 ViewResolver bean 配置。您必须在 web.xml 中配置 Dispatcher Servlet 的 servlet 上下文配置文件（例如 dispatcher-servlet.xml）。请将以下配置添加到您的dispatcher-servlet.xml。
<tx:annotation-driven />
如果您的 dispatcher-servlet.xml 中没有 xmlns:tx 定义，就像其他 xmlns: 定义一样，请添加它。请确保您在调度程序 servlet 上下文中进行了正确的组件扫描配置。
<context:component-scan base-package="by.netcracker.artemyev.*" />
您也可以参考帖子@Transactional doesn't work in Spring Web MVC? 报告了类似问题。
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：我在维护遗留代码时遇到了这个问题，最后我从复杂的注释中意识到。
它需要应用级别的@EnableTransactionManagement。否则@Transactional 不起作用
【讨论】：
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