在 Java 中播放音频而没有内存泄漏

Posted 2023-02-25

【中文标题】在 Java 中播放音频而没有内存泄漏

【英文标题】：Audio playing in Java without memory leaks

【发布时间】：2016-03-08 22:51:06

【问题描述】：

我的游戏中有一个当前系统，其中有一个 AudioPlayer 类，它包含 AudioChannels。我不断收到堆转储（我已经用 MAT 查看过）并指向：

com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip.open(Unknown Source)

MAT 中的泄漏如下所示：

127 instances of "com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip", loaded by "<system class loader>" occupy 754,011,696 (94.80%) bytes. 

Biggest instances:
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xcc5e9f18 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xce3cf970 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xdf62fc58 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xdf741840 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2b7b968 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2b7f2a0 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2c80678 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2c844a8 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe59e1d18 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xec186a20 - 30,427,248 (3.83%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xcc5ea388 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xcc654850 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe1502670 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2b7bdd8 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2b7f688 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2c80ae8 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2c84890 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe4363c68 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xeab00030 - 23,556,720 (2.96%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xcc5eb828 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xcc655cf0 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe14965f8 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe1503b10 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2b7d5c0 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2c7edb8 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2c827c8 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe2cf37c8 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xe7746aa0 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 
•com.sun.media.sound.DirectAudioDevice$DirectClip @ 0xee91fae0 - 23,049,840 (2.90%) bytes. 

我不知道这是怎么回事，因为我正在尽我所能卸载 Clip 和 AIS。

这是我用来播放音频的代码：

try 
    AudioInputStream ais = Audiosystem.getAudioInputStream(FileReader.getFile(s));
    clip = AudioSystem.getClip();
    clip.open(ais);
    loaded = true;

    FloatControl g = (FloatControl) clip.getControl(FloatControl.Type.MASTER_GAIN);
    g.setValue((float)(g.getMinimum() + ((double)(g.getMaximum() - g.getMinimum()) * volume)));

    if (loops) 
        clip.loop(Clip.LOOP_CONTINUOUSLY);
     else 
        clip.start();
    

    ais.close();
    clip.drain();
 catch (Exception e) 
    e.printStackTrace();

【参考方案1】：

您没有关闭音频剪辑。一旦你有空并且有能力，你应该尝试关闭它们：

if (clip.isOpen()) 
    clip.close();

显然，这可能需要您做更多的工作来跟踪剪辑的生命周期，这样您就可以确保它们可以以对您的应用程序有意义的方式发布。

另见：

do I need to close an audio Clip? Java Clip (Sound / Audio) Memory Leak after closing with close()