无法使用通过 Tomcat 部署的 Spring 应用程序来本地 MySQL 数据库
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【中文标题】无法使用通过 Tomcat 部署的 Spring 应用程序来本地 MySQL 数据库【英文标题】：Unable to local MySQL database with Spring app deployed through Tomcat 【发布时间】：2015-10-18 09:53:12 【问题描述】：我正在尝试使用 Spring 和 Hibernate 创建一个 Web 应用程序，并通过 Tomcat 8 部署它。我已经在我的机器上本地设置了 mysql 和 Tomcat 8，并且能够将 Web 应用程序部署到它。由于应用程序/tomcat 无法连接到数据库，应用程序无法启动。
我正在按照这里的设置教程（使用 Hibernate 4）：Tutorial
当我尝试部署应用程序时，我收到以下错误，我将其缩写为发生的第一个错误：
2015-07-27 20:42:46.768 INFO 77092 --- [n(11)-127.0.0.1] o.h.s.j.c.i.ConnectionProviderInitiator : HHH000130: Instantiating explicit connection provider: org.hibernate.ejb.connection.InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider
2015-07-27 20:42:46.794 WARN 77092 --- [n(11)-127.0.0.1] o.h.e.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl : HHH000342: Could not obtain connection to query metadata : Communications link failure
27-Jul-2015 20:42:46.793 SEVERE [RMI TCP Connection(11)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.init Unable to create initial connections of pool.
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure
The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:408)
at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:400)
at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createCommunicationsException(SQLError.java:1038)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:339)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.coreConnect(ConnectionImpl.java:2247)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:2280)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:2079)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:794)
at com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection.<init>(JDBC4Connection.java:44)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:408)
at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:400)
at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:399)
at com.mysql.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:325)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connectUsingDriver(PooledConnection.java:307)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connect(PooledConnection.java:200)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.createConnection(ConnectionPool.java:699)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.borrowConnection(ConnectionPool.java:633)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.init(ConnectionPool.java:484)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.<init>(ConnectionPool.java:142)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceProxy.pCreatePool(DataSourceProxy.java:115)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceProxy.createPool(DataSourceProxy.java:102)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceProxy.getConnection(DataSourceProxy.java:126)
at org.hibernate.ejb.connection.InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider.getConnection(InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider.java:70)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl$ConnectionProviderJdbcConnectionAccess.obtainConnection(JdbcServicesImpl.java:242)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:117)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:85)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:184)
at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:156)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildTypeRegistrations(Configuration.java:1827)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1785)
at org.hibernate.ejb.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.<init>(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:96)
at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:915)
at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:900)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateEjbPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateEjbPersistenceProvider.java:51)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:343)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:318)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1633)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1570)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:539)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:476)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:303)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:299)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:956)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:747)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:480)
at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:118)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:686)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:320)
at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.run(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:119)
at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.createRootApplicationContext(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:110)
at org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer.onStartup(SpringBootServletInitializer.java:69)
at org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer.onStartup(SpringServletContainerInitializer.java:175)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5156)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:725)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:701)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1648)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:300)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:463)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:413)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:300)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1466)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$300(RMIConnectionImpl.java:76)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1307)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1399)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:828)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:323)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:178)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:175)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:174)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:557)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:812)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:671)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:345)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:206)
at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:188)
at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:392)
at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:589)
at com.mysql.jdbc.StandardSocketFactory.connect(StandardSocketFactory.java:214)
at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.<init>(MysqlIO.java:298)
... 95 more
应用程序设置 (spring.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3307/myDatabase" />
<property name="username" value="Root" />
<property name="password" value="Root" />
</bean>
<!-- Hibernate 4 SessionFactory Bean definition -->
<bean id="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="annotatedClasses">
<list>
<value>com.journaldev.model.Person</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="userDAO" class="fionn.dao.UserDAOImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="hibernate4AnnotatedSessionFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
我尝试遵循此处列出的建议：Suggested solution
这似乎是数据库设置的问题，因为我无法通过终端 ping 它。虽然我可以登录：
MySQL 检查
登录：
mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
mysql> USE myDatabase
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+--------------------------+
| Tables_in_gofeisda_fionn |
+--------------------------+
| User |
+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL 超时：
mysql> show global variables like '%timeout%';
+---------------------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------------------+
| connect_timeout | 10 |
| delayed_insert_timeout | 300 |
| innodb_flush_log_at_timeout | 1 |
| innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 50 |
| innodb_rollback_on_timeout | OFF |
| interactive_timeout | 28800 |
| lock_wait_timeout | 31536000 |
| net_read_timeout | 30 |
| net_write_timeout | 60 |
| rpl_stop_slave_timeout | 31536000 |
| slave_net_timeout | 3600 |
| slow_launch_time | 2 |
| wait_timeout | 28800 |
+---------------------------------+-------------------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)
检查 MySQL 超时：
mysql> show global variables like '%network%';
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| skip_networking | OFF |
+-----------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
检查 MySQL 主机：
mysql> select user();
+----------------+
| user() |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
检查 MySQL 端口
mysql> show variables like '%port%';
+---------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+-------+
| innodb_support_xa | ON |
| large_files_support | ON |
| port | 3307 |
| report_host | |
| report_password | |
| report_port | 3307 |
| report_user | |
+---------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
检查跳过网络
mysql> show global variables like '%skip%';
+------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------+-------+
| skip_external_locking | ON |
| skip_name_resolve | OFF |
| skip_networking | OFF |
| skip_show_database | OFF |
| slave_skip_errors | OFF |
| sql_slave_skip_counter | 0 |
+------------------------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Ping 检查
127.0.0.1
$ ping 127.0.0.1
PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.079 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.194 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.200 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.166 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.171 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.216 ms
^C
--- 127.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.079/0.171/0.216/0.045 ms
本地主机
$ ping localhost
PING localhost (127.0.0.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.202 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.119 ms
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.222 ms
^C
--- localhost ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.054/0.121/0.222/0.068 ms
本地 MySQL 端口
$ ping localhost:3307
PING localhost:3307 (198.105.254.228): 56 data bytes
Request timeout for icmp_seq 0
Request timeout for icmp_seq 1
Request timeout for icmp_seq 2
Request timeout for icmp_seq 3
Request timeout for icmp_seq 4
Request timeout for icmp_seq 5
^C
--- localhost:3307 ping statistics ---
7 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100.0% packet loss
我还需要什么来确保数据库/tomcat/应用程序设置正确。
更新 1：
按照此处概述的说明进行操作：setup
我在配置文件中添加了绑定地址参数，使用127.0.0.1，并将端口设置为3306。我觉得不行，因为重启MySQL后，端口仍然设置为3307。
【问题讨论】：
你是否取消了mysql配置文件中的bind-address指令的注释：my.cnf？ 好吧，既然你在控制台上用root用户连接了，你有没有尝试在你的配置中使用它作为连接用户和密码？ 另外，您是否在 mysql 上创建了用户 pankaj ？你试过在 mysql 控制台上连接它吗？ my.cnf 在 OS X 上的位置？ 我创建了一个my.cnf填写这里的说明，并重启了MySQL服务。而且没有骰子。 【参考方案1】：让我们从基本原理来看。
您正在使用的 JDBC URL，表示您正在尝试连接到“localhost:3307”
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused 表示数据库没有在您的客户端尝试使用的 IP 地址和端口号上侦听请求。
那么为什么会出错呢？
可能是数据库根本没有运行，但您可能已经消除了这种情况。 （可以从命令行运行mysql客户端吗？）
可能是您（或某人）错误地将localhost 配置为解析为127.0.0.1 以外的其他内容。 （有些人会做疯狂的事……）
但我认为最可能的解释是 MySQL 没有监听请求 127.0.0.1。
确定这一点的一种方法是启动数据库，然后运行“netstat -an | grep LISTEN | grep tcp”。这将向您显示当前正在“侦听”的所有 IP 地址和端口号。确保包含您尝试使用的地址/端口组合。
（请注意，IPv4 地址0.0.0.0 表示任何地址。它是通配符。）
一旦你弄清楚服务器正在监听什么，你就可以决定是更改 JDBC URL 以匹配它，还是让服务器监听你想要使用的 IP/端口。
其他人建议用户名和密码有问题。这些建议是红鲱鱼。如果这是问题所在，那么例外情况会有所不同。
【讨论】：
我从命令行仔细检查了 MySQL，它正在运行。我可以使用“mysql -u root -p”登录。我仔细检查了本地主机，它设置为 127.0.0.1。运行 net stat 命令，第一个列表是监听 127.0.0.1:3307。当我停止 MySQL 服务时，它不再列出。当我重新启动它时，它会再次列出。奇怪的是我添加了 /etc/my.cnf 只有“bind-address = 127.0.0.1”和“port = 3306”。那不应该把监听端口设置为3306吗？【参考方案2】：我解决了这个问题更新my.cnf文件搜索：
skip-networking
并将其更新为：
#skip-networking
终于重启Mysql
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：确保您的 MySql Server 服务已启动，如果未启动，请转到 controlPanel -> Services 并搜索 Mysql80 并启动它。
【讨论】：
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