如何在 Spring Boot 中设置 UTF-8 字符编码?
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【中文标题】如何在 Spring Boot 中设置 UTF-8 字符编码?【英文标题】:How to set UTF-8 character encoding in Spring boot? 【发布时间】:2017-01-02 23:11:57 【问题描述】:我在我的项目中使用 spring-boot,并运行这个由 spring-boot 构建的 jar 文件作为 Centos 上的服务。当我运行此服务时:
服务 myApp 启动
我总是收到以下错误消息:
2016-08-26 09:11:02.002 ERROR 31900 --- [ main] o.s.b.c.FileEncodingApplicationListener : System property 'file.encoding' is currently 'ANSI_X3.4-1968'. It should be 'UTF-8' (as defined in 'spring.mandatoryFileEncoding').
2016-08-26 09:11:02.018 ERROR 31900 --- [ main] o.s.b.c.FileEncodingApplicationListener : Environment variable LANG is 'null'. You could use a locale setting that matches encoding='UTF-8'.
2016-08-26 09:11:02.018 ERROR 31900 --- [ main] o.s.b.c.FileEncodingApplicationListener : Environment variable LC_ALL is 'null'. You could use a locale setting that matches encoding='UTF-8'.
2016-08-26 09:11:02.031 ERROR 31900 --- [ main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Application startup failed
java.lang.IllegalStateException: The Java Virtual Machine has not been configured to use the desired default character encoding (UTF-8).
at org.springframework.boot.context.FileEncodingApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(FileEncodingApplicationListener.java:74) ~[spring-boot-1.3.7.RELEASE.jar!/:1.3.7.RELEASE]
如果我直接运行这个 jar 文件,那么这个应用程序可以正常运行。
java -jar 目标/myApp-1.0.jar
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v1.3.7.RELEASE)
......
2016-08-26 09:54:34.954 DEBUG 32035 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.resource.ResourceUrlProvider : Found resource handler mapping: URL pattern="/**", locations=[ServletContext resource [/], class path resource [META-INF/resources/], class path resource [resources/], class path resource [static/], class path resource [public/]], resolvers=[org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.PathResourceResolver@1817d444]
2016-08-26 09:54:35.051 INFO 32035 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8000 (http)
2016-08-26 09:54:35.053 DEBUG 32035 --- [ main] o.s.w.c.s.StandardServletEnvironment : Adding [server.ports] PropertySource with highest search precedence
2016-08-26 09:54:35.061 INFO 32035 --- [ main] co.nz.myApplication : Started myApplication in 12.339 seconds (JVM running for 13.183)
这是 pom.xml:
<project>
....
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.3.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/>
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
....
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<executable>true</executable>
<jvmArguments>-Dfile.encoding=UTF8 -Dspring.profiles.active="production"</jvmArguments>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.properties:
....
spring.mandatory-file-encoding=UTF-8
spring.http.encoding.charset=UTF-8
spring.http.encoding.enabled=true
....
Centos 上的语言环境设置:
$ locale
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
我尽可能检查所有文件设置,但是我仍然不知道如何解决这个问题。如果您能给我任何建议,我将不胜感激。
【问题讨论】:
创建一个FilterRegistrationBean 请看:character encoding filter 【参考方案1】:解决方案
添加到配置文件(对于应用程序/var/app/app.jar
,它将是/var/app/app.conf
)以下行:
export LANG='en_US.UTF-8'
原因
问题出在 linux systemd
(service
) 中。我用脚本/etc/init.d/test
对其进行了测试:
#/bin/bash
locale
命令结果$ /etc/init.d/test
:
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
和命令$ service test
的结果:
LANG=
LC_CTYPE="POSIX"
LC_NUMERIC="POSIX"
LC_TIME="POSIX"
LC_COLLATE="POSIX"
LC_MONETARY="POSIX"
LC_MESSAGES="POSIX"
LC_PAPER="POSIX"
LC_NAME="POSIX"
LC_ADDRESS="POSIX"
LC_TELEPHONE="POSIX"
LC_MEASUREMENT="POSIX"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="POSIX"
LC_ALL=
在 spring boot jar 文件中是内置的 systemd 脚本,在运行之前执行 spring boot:
# Source any config file
configfile="$(basename "$jarfile%.*.conf")"
# Initialize CONF_FOLDER location defaulting to jarfolder
[[ -z "$CONF_FOLDER" ]] && CONF_FOLDER="$jarfolder"
# shellcheck source=/dev/null
[[ -r "$CONF_FOLDER/$configfile" ]] && source "$CONF_FOLDER/$configfile"
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:根据我在这里的回答:https://***.com/a/48952844/986160 你需要运行:
mvn spring-boot:run -Drun.jvmArguments="-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8"
【讨论】:
我已经尝试过您的命令,但不起作用。它已经工作java -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -jar khar.jar
这是用于 jar 应用程序而不是用于 spring boot - 我没有 jars【参考方案3】:
我终于找到了一种方法,可以正常启动 Spring-boot 项目。
解决方案是使用sudo /etc/init.d/myApp start
而不是service myApp start
【讨论】:
【参考方案4】:第一行告诉你应该设置系统属性'file.encoding'。我认为这就是问题所在。请看:Setting the default Java character encoding?
【讨论】:
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