您正在使用 staticfiles 应用程序而没有将 STATIC_ROOT 设置设置为文件系统路径

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】您正在使用 staticfiles 应用程序而没有将 STATIC_ROOT 设置设置为文件系统路径

【英文标题】：You're using the staticfiles app without having set the STATIC_ROOT setting to a filesystem path

【发布时间】：2018-07-05 10:41:40

【问题描述】：

我已经完成了所有其他答案，但似乎无法为我工作。我正在学习教程并尝试将我的master 分支推送到heroku 并收到错误You're using the staticfiles app without having set the STATIC_ROOT setting to a filesystem path。我正在使用 Django 2.0 和 python 3.6.3。完整的回溯：

remote: -----> $ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
remote:        Traceback (most recent call last):
remote:          File "manage.py", line 15, in <module>
remote:            execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 371, in execute_from_command_line
remote:            utility.execute()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 365, in execute
remote:            self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 288, in run_from_argv
remote:            self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 335, in execute
remote:            output = self.handle(*args, **options)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 189, in handle
remote:            collected = self.collect()
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 114, in collect
remote:            handler(path, prefixed_path, storage)
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 344, in copy_file
remote:            if not self.delete_file(path, prefixed_path, source_storage):
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 250, in delete_file
remote:            if self.storage.exists(prefixed_path):
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/files/storage.py", line 308, in exists
remote:            return os.path.exists(self.path(name))
remote:          File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py", line 43, in path
remote:            raise ImproperlyConfigured("You're using the staticfiles app "
remote:        django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: You're using the staticfiles app without having set the STATIC_ROOT setting to a filesystem path.
remote: 
remote:  !     Error while running '$ python manage.py collectstatic --noinput'.
remote:        See traceback above for details.
remote: 
remote:        You may need to update application code to resolve this error.
remote:        Or, you can disable collectstatic for this application:
remote: 
remote:           $ heroku config:set DISABLE_COLLECTSTATIC=1
remote: 
remote:        https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/django-assets
remote:  !     Push rejected, failed to compile Python app.
remote: 
remote:  !     Push failed
remote: Verifying deploy...
remote: 
remote: !   Push rejected to obscure-spire-97107.
remote: 
To https://git.heroku.com/obscure-spire-97107.git
 ! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined)

我的settings.py

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '5af%uw_wn*o#v$gp!dj1yrxf0#z+4_+&4$3f^kjh*fc7+ec4*9'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    #added apps for project, my_apps
    'blog',
    'users',

    #third party apps
    'bootstrap3',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'book_project.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': 
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        ,
    ,
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'book_project.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = 
    'default': 
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    



# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    ,
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    ,
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    ,
    
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    ,
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, javascript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

#My settings
LOGIN_URL = 'users/login/'

#settings bootstrap3
BOOTSTRAP3 = 
    'include_jquery':True,


#Heroku settings
# ROOT_PATH = os.path.dirname(__file__)
if os.getcwd() == '/app':
    import dj_database_url
    DATABASES = 
        'default': dj_database_url.config(default='postgres://localhost')
    

    SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')

    ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

    BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)),
    STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
    STATICFILES_DIRS = (
        os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
    )

我尝试摆脱if 语句，看看这是否是问题所在，但没有运气。寻找任何建议。

【问题讨论】：

此时这可能无关紧要，但您共享了一个密钥，这是一种不好的做法。作为新 SO 用户的示例，您可以将其替换为“*****”？

【参考方案1】：

this 网站上说要将此 url 模式添加到您的项目中：

urlpatterns += patterns(”, (r’^static/(?P.*)$’, ‘django.views.static.serve’, ‘document_root’: settings.STATIC_ROOT),)

我以前没有使用过heroku，但如果我理解正确，它需要一个路径来发送所有收集的静态文件。通常这是在服务器的设置中。但是上面的网站提到 heroku 使用的应用程序不支持静态文件部署，这就是为什么你需要一个 url 模式来让它从各自的位置获取静态文件。

另外，请先阅读整个教程。他们可能会在教程末尾附近的某个地方提到您的问题，例如注释部分。如果存在 cmets，也请阅读它们。

【讨论】：

我尝试将它添加到我的 url 模式中，但它非常糟糕。我将尝试完成教程

添加该 url 模式时到底发生了什么错误？

patterns 和 settings.STATIC_ROOT 显示为未解析的引用。我不认为我的应用程序是为此设置的。我看过很多类似的问题，似乎我只需要以某种方式设置我显然做错了的 ROOT 目录......

最后一次尝试。将这些添加到 urls.py：url(r’^static/(?P.*)$’, ‘django.views.static.serve’, ‘document_root’: settings.STATIC_ROOT) 和 from django.conf import settings。

【参考方案2】：

我能够通过将if 语句全部删除并在我的settings.py 中包含以下内容来完成这项工作。

import dj_database_url
DATABASES = 
    'default': dj_database_url.config(default='postgres://localhost')


SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)

【参考方案3】：

总结ratrace的答案，主要解决办法是加

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')

到settings.py。其中STATIC_ROOT 是在部署 Django 应用程序时复制静态文件的目的地以及提供服务的目的地。