在 Django Admin 中更改密码

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】在 Django Admin 中更改密码

【英文标题】：Changing password in Django Admin

【发布时间】：2013-03-05 14:48:44

【问题描述】：

我最近在 Django 项目文档中创建了 admin.py：

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/auth/customizing/#django.contrib.auth.models.AbstractBaseUser

但我真的错过了允许管理员更改用户密码的功能。怎么可能添加这个功能？我只是复制并粘贴了上面链接中的代码。

from django import forms
from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.models import Group
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.forms import ReadOnlyPasswordHashField

from customauth.models import MyUser


class UserCreationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """A form for creating new users. Includes all the required
    fields, plus a repeated password."""
    password1 = forms.CharField(label='Password', widget=forms.PasswordInput)
    password2 = forms.CharField(label='Password confirmation', widget=forms.PasswordInput)

    class Meta:
        model = MyUser
        fields = ('email', 'date_of_birth')

    def clean_password2(self):
        # Check that the two password entries match
        password1 = self.cleaned_data.get("password1")
        password2 = self.cleaned_data.get("password2")
        if password1 and password2 and password1 != password2:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Passwords don't match")
        return password2

    def save(self, commit=True):
        # Save the provided password in hashed format
        user = super(UserCreationForm, self).save(commit=False)
        user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password1"])
        if commit:
            user.save()
        return user


class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
    """A form for updating users. Includes all the fields on
    the user, but replaces the password field with admin's
    password hash display field.
    """
    password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()

    class Meta:
        model = MyUser

    def clean_password(self):
        # Regardless of what the user provides, return the initial value.
        # This is done here, rather than on the field, because the
        # field does not have access to the initial value
        return self.initial["password"]


class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    # The forms to add and change user instances
    form = UserChangeForm
    add_form = UserCreationForm

    # The fields to be used in displaying the User model.
    # These override the definitions on the base UserAdmin
    # that reference specific fields on auth.User.
    list_display = ('email', 'date_of_birth', 'is_admin')
    list_filter = ('is_admin',)
    fieldsets = (
        (None, 'fields': ('email', 'password')),
        ('Personal info', 'fields': ('date_of_birth',)),
        ('Permissions', 'fields': ('is_admin',)),
        ('Important dates', 'fields': ('last_login',)),
    )
    add_fieldsets = (
        (None, 
            'classes': ('wide',),
            'fields': ('email', 'date_of_birth', 'password1', 'password2')
        ),
    )
    search_fields = ('email',)
    ordering = ('email',)
    filter_horizontal = ()

# Now register the new UserAdmin...
admin.site.register(MyUser, MyUserAdmin)
# ... and, since we're not using Django's builtin permissions,
# unregister the Group model from admin.
admin.site.unregister(Group)

[更新 - 添加信息] 我更改了以下信息，但我仍然在只读字段中看到密码（加密）。怎么可能添加链接来更改密码？

fieldsets = (
    ('Permissions', 'fields': ('is_active', 'is_admin','password')),
)
add_fieldsets = (
    (None, 
        'classes': ('wide',),
        'fields': ('email', 'password')
    ),
)

【参考方案1】：

把它放在你的 UserChangeForm 中：

password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField(label=("Password"),
        help_text=("Raw passwords are not stored, so there is no way to see "
                    "this user's password, but you can change the password "
                    "using <a href=\"../password/\">this form</a>."))

【讨论】：

嗯，有人知道为什么我在尝试访问 .../user/#id/password/ 时会收到 404 错误吗？我该怎么做才能为我的自定义用户模型获取此管理表单？

找到我的答案：“如果您的自定义用户模型扩展了 django.contrib.auth.models.AbstractUser，您可以使用 Django 现有的 django.contrib.auth.admin.UserAdmin 类。但是，如果您的用户模型扩展了 AbstractBaseUser，你需要定义一个自定义的 ModelAdmin 类。可以继承默认的 django.contrib.auth.admin.UserAdmin；但是，你需要覆盖任何引用字段的定义django.contrib.auth.models.AbstractUser 不在您的自定义 User 类中。”

同意。我只需要更改此行的最后一行：'using <a href=\'../password/\'>this form</a>.' in django 1.9.1 注意“密码”之前的 ../

感谢@oskargicast 的评论，它对我的​​ 1.9 版本有所帮助

我无法在 django 2.1 中取得成功。你还需要改变什么？

【参考方案2】：

password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField(label= ("Password"),
        help_text= ("Raw passwords are not stored, so there is no way to see "
                    "this user's password, but you can change the password "
                    "using <a href=\"../password/\">this form</a>."))

href有变化，以前的django版本可以使用

<a href=\"/password/\">this form</a>.

对于 django 1.9+ <a href=\"../password/\">this form</a>

【参考方案3】：

我将此方法添加到我的UserAdmin 类中：

def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):
    # Override this to set the password to the value in the field if it's
    # changed.
    if obj.pk:
        orig_obj = models.User.objects.get(pk=obj.pk)
        if obj.password != orig_obj.password:
            obj.set_password(obj.password)
    else:
        obj.set_password(obj.password)
    obj.save()

您可以正常显示密码字段，但管理员只会看到散列密码。如果他们改变了它，那么新值就会被散列并保存。

这会在您每次通过管理员保存用户时添加一个查询。这通常应该不是问题，因为大多数系统没有管理员集中编辑用户。

【讨论】：

我刚刚意识到你可以使用change 的值而不是if obj.pk。这是留给读者的练习。 ;)

我喜欢这个解决方案，因为这意味着我不必弄乱子类化表单。您也可以使用form.changed_data 使其更加简洁。

【参考方案4】：

你也可以这样做，这样你只需要覆盖字段密码，一旦你保存它，它就会为它创建哈希：

class UserModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    """
        User for overriding the normal user admin panel, and add the extra fields added to the user
        """


def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):
    user_database = User.objects.get(pk=obj.pk)
    # Check firs the case in which the password is not encoded, then check in the case that the password is encode
    if not (check_password(form.data['password'], user_database.password) or user_database.password == form.data['password']):
        obj.password = make_password(obj.password)
    else:
        obj.password = user_database.password
    super().save_model(request, obj, form, change)

【讨论】：

第一次创建用户时我需要捕获异常 user_database.DoesNotExist

【参考方案5】：

('Permissions', 'fields': ('is_active', 'is_superuser',)),

【讨论】：

你好凯瑟琳，请在问题中查看我的更新。我可以在只读字段中看到密码。但是，我不能不能选择一个新的

@Thomas 我追踪了代码，我发现密码因为这个ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()而变成只读的。对于解决方案，您必须在密码只读字段下创建一个链接以更改密码表单

【参考方案6】：

对于 django 版本独立的解决方案，您可以 reverse UserChangeForm.__init__ 中的网址，例如：

from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse

class UserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
    password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['password'].help_text = (
            "Raw passwords are not stored, so there is no way to see "
            "this user's password, but you can <a href=\"%s\"> "
            "<strong>Change the Password</strong> using this form</a>."
        ) % reverse_lazy('admin:auth_user_password_change', args=[self.instance.id])

【参考方案7】：

您也可以考虑以这种方式扩展UserAdmin：

from django.contrib import admin
from myapp.models import CustomUser
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin

class CustomUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
    list_display = []
admin.site.register(CustomUser, CustomUserAdmin)

【参考方案8】：

只需删除表单中输入的密码：

class MyUserChangeForm(forms.ModelForm):
# password = forms.CharField(label='Password', required=True, widget=forms.PasswordInput)

# password = ReadOnlyPasswordHashField()

class Meta:
    model = CustomUser
    fields = '__all__'


def save(self, commit=True):
    user = super().save(commit=False)
    user.set_password(self.cleaned_data["password"])
    if commit:
        user.save()
    return user

django 3.2.8

【讨论】：

正如目前所写，您的答案尚不清楚。请edit 添加其他详细信息，以帮助其他人了解这如何解决所提出的问题。你可以找到更多关于如何写好答案的信息in the help center。