如何在我的博客网站顶部显示最新帖子和评论？

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】如何在我的博客网站顶部显示最新帖子和评论？

【英文标题】：How can I show newest posts and comments on the top in my blogging website?

【发布时间】：2021-01-18 19:06:55

【问题描述】：

我已经成功地为 cmets 和帖子制作了模型，并且它们在网页上正确显示，但我希望首先显示最新帖子，并且 cmets 也是如此。

views.py：

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect
from blog.models import Post, BlogComment
from django.contrib import messages


# Create your views here.

def blogHome(request):
    allpost = Post.objects.all()
    context = 'allposts': allpost
    return render(request, 'blog/blogHome.html', context)


def blogPost(request, slug):
    post = Post.objects.filter(slug=slug).first()
    comments = BlogComment.objects.filter(post=post)
    context = 'post': post, 'comments': comments
    return render(request, 'blog/blogPost.html', context)

def postComment(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        comment = request.POST.get('comment')
        user = request.user
        postSno = request.POST.get("postSno")
        post = Post.objects.get(sno=postSno)

        comment = BlogComment(comment=comment, user=user, post=post)
        comment.save()
        messages.success(request, 'your comment has been added')

        return redirect(f"/blog/post.slug")

这是我希望最先显示最新帖子的博客主页 blogHome.html：

% extends 'base.html' %
% block title % blogs % endblock title %
% block blogactive %active % endblock blogactive %
% block body %

<h2 class="text-center my-4">blogs by everythingcs</h2>
<div class="container">
  % for post in allposts %
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <div class="row no-gutters border rounded overflow-hidden flex-md-row mb-4 shadow-sm h-md-250 position-relative">
      <div class="col p-4 d-flex flex-column position-static">
        <strong class="d-inline-block mb-2 text-primary">by-post.author</strong>
        <h3 class="mb-0">post.title</h3>
        <div class="mb-1 text-muted">Nov 12</div>
        <p class="card-text mb-auto">post.content|truncatechars:200</p>
        <div class="my-2">
          <a href="/blog/post.slug" role="button" class="btn btn-primary">More..</a>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  % endfor %
</div>

% endblock body %

最后是 models.py 供进一步参考：

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.utils.timezone import now
# Create your models here.


class Post(models.Model):
    sno = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    content = models.TextField()
    author = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=200)
    timeStamp = models.DateTimeField(blank=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title + " by " + self.author


class BlogComment(models.Model):
    sno = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    comment = models.TextField()
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    parent = models.ForeignKey('self', on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(default=now)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.comment[0:13] + "..." + "by " + self.user.username

简而言之，我想按时间对我的博客文章和博客 cmets 进行排序，然后相应地显示它们。

【问题讨论】：

您可以保留像 timeStamp 这样的 DB 字段，您可以在每次编辑帖子时更新该字段，并在显示所有帖子时保留 order_by 该字段。

看看这篇文章。 ***.com/questions/9834038/…。希望能解决你的问题

看看这篇文章。 ***.com/questions/9834038/…希望能解决你的问题

【参考方案1】：

您可以在对象的Meta [Django-doc] 中指定默认的ordering [Django-doc]：

class Post(models.Model):
    sno = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    content = models.TextField()
    author = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=200)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['-timestamp']

    def __str__(self):
        return f'self.title by self.author'


class BlogComment(models.Model):
    sno = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    comment = models.TextField()
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    post = models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    parent = models.ForeignKey('self', on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)
    timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['-timestamp']

    def __str__(self):
        return f'self.comment[0:13]... by self.user.username'

或者您可以明确订购：

def blogHome(request):
    allpost = Post.objects.order_by('-timestamp')
    context = 'allposts': allpost
    return render(request, 'blog/blogHome.html', context)

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注意：通常Django模型中的字段名是用snake_case写的，而不是PerlCase，所以应该是：@ 987654332@ 而不是 timeStamp。

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注意：通常使用settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL [Django-doc] 引用用户模型比直接使用User model [Django-doc] 更好。更多信息可以查看referencing the User model section of the documentation。

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注意：Django 的DateTimeField [Django-doc] 有一个auto_now_add=… parameter [Django-doc] 使用时间戳。这将自动分配当前日期时间 创建对象时，将其标记为不可编辑（editable=False），例如 默认情况下它不会出现在ModelForms 中。