Django 2.1.3 错误：__init__() 采用 1 个位置参数，但给出了 2 个

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】Django 2.1.3 错误：__init__() 采用 1 个位置参数，但给出了 2 个

【英文标题】：Django 2.1.3 Error: __init__() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given

【发布时间】：2019-05-03 11:28:08

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用 Django 2.1.3 和 python 3.7.1 开发一个网站 当我转到主页时，我收到此错误：

TypeError at / __init__() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given

以下是我编写的代码的一些细节：

追溯

    Environment:


    Request Method: GET
    Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/
    
    Django Version: 2.1.3
    Python Version: 3.7.1
    Installed Applications:
    ['django.contrib.admin',
     'django.contrib.auth',
     'django.contrib.contenttypes',
     'django.contrib.sessions',
     'django.contrib.messages',
     'django.contrib.staticfiles',
     'core',
     'crispy_forms']
    Installed Middleware:
    ['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
     'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
     'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
     'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
     'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
     'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
     'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']
    
    
    
    Traceback:
    
    File "C:\Users\andre\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py" in inner
      34.             response = get_response(request)
    
    File "C:\Users\andre\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py" in _get_response
      126.                 response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
    
    File "C:\Users\andre\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py" in _get_response
      124.                 response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
    
    File "C:\Users\andre\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\decorators.py" in _wrapped_view
      21.                 return view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
    
    Exception Type: TypeError at /
    Exception Value: __init__() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given

核心/models.py

这只是 DB 上的一张表：

from django.db import models


class Evento(models.Model):
    titolo_evento = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    data_inizio = models.DateTimeField()
    data_fine = models.DateTimeField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.titolo_evento

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'Evento'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Eventi'

核心/views.py

这里我只想在用户通过身份验证的情况下在主页上看到数据库“Eventi”，我认为错误在这里，但我不知道在哪里：

from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from .models import Evento
from django.views.generic.list import ListView


@login_required
class HomeView(ListView):
    queryset = Evento.objects.all()
    template_name = 'core/homepage.html'
    context_object_name = 'lista_eventi'

核心/urls.py

from django.urls import path
from . import views


urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.HomeView, name='homepage'),
    ]

urls.py(项目)

  from django.contrib import admin
    from django.urls import path, include
    
    urlpatterns = [
        path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
        path('', include('core.urls')),
        path('accounts/', include('django.contrib.auth.urls'))
    ]

【参考方案1】：

在 url 中声明时，您需要在基于类的视图末尾使用 as_view()：

path('', views.HomeView.as_view(), name='homepage'),

另外，在使用login_required装饰器时，需要在CBV的dispatch方法上使用：

from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator

class HomeView(ListView):

    @method_decorator(login_required)
    def dispatch(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(*args, **kwargs)

【讨论】：

我修改了这样的视图： class HomeView(ListView): @login_required def dispatch(self, Evento, pk): return super(HomeView, self).dispatch(Evento, pk=pk) 但现在错误是：“HomeView”对象没有属性“用户”

我一直忘记并回到这个答案。

【参考方案2】：

在 URL 中声明时，您需要在基于类的视图末尾使用 as_view()。像这样：

path('', views.HomeView.as_view(), name='homepage'),

【参考方案3】：

在 `urls.py 中用这个路径代码替换：

path(' ', views.HomeView.as_view(), name='homepage'),

from django.urls import path
from . import views
 
urlpatterns = [
     path(' ', views.HomeView.as_view(), name='homepage'),
]