swig c++ to python (with numpy): error: use of undeclared identifier 'import_array'

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】swig c++ to python (with numpy): error: use of undeclared identifier \'import_array\'

【英文标题】：swig c++ to python (with numpy): error: use of undeclared identifier 'import_array'swig c++ to python (with numpy): error: use of undeclared identifier 'import_array'

【发布时间】：2017-05-03 02:56:57

【问题描述】：

操作系统：macOS Sierra 10.12.4

python 发行版：Anaconda python 3.6

我正在学习如何使用 distutils 将 numpy 数组传递给 c++。

运行时出现错误：

$ python setup.py build_ext

错误：

sample_wrap.cpp:4571:3: error: use of undeclared identifier 'import_array'
  import_array();
  ^
1 error generated.

文件：sample.i

/* file: sample.i */
%module sample
%
/* include C++ header files necessary to compile the interface */
#include "src/sample.h"
%

%include "typemaps.i"
%include "src/numpy.i"
%init %
import_array();
%

%apply (int DIM1, double* IN_ARRAY1) (int n, double *a), (int m, double *b);
%apply (int DIM1, double* ARGOUT_ARRAY1) (int size, double *arr);

%include "src/sample.h"

文件：setup.py

# ----- file: setup.py -----

from distutils.core import setup, Extension
import numpy
import os

name = "sample"    # name of the module
version = "1.0"        # the module's version number

os.environ['CC'] = 'g++';
os.environ['CXX'] = 'g++';

setup(name=name, version=version,
    ext_modules=[Extension(name='_sample',
                           sources=["sample.i", "src/sample.cpp"],
                           include_dirs=['src',numpy.get_include()],
                           swig_opts=["-c++"]
                           )]
    )

文件：src/sample.cpp

/* ----- file: src/sample.cpp ----- */

#include <cmath>
#include "sample.h"

double dot(int n, double *a, int m, double *b)
    double sum = 0.0;
    for (int i=0; i<n; ++i)
      sum += a[i]*b[i];
    
    return sum;


void arange(int size, double *arr)
    for (int i=0; i<size; ++i)
    arr[i] = i;

文件：src/sample.h

/* ----- file: src/sample.h ----- */

#ifndef SAMPLE_H_
#define SAMPLE_H_

double dot(int n, double *a, int m, double *b);
void arange(int size, double *arr);

#endif // SAMPLE_H_

我尝试将setup.py 中的os.environ['CC'] = 'g++' 和os.environ['CXX'] = 'g++' 更改为os.environ['CC'] = 'g++-6' 和os.environ['CXX'] = 'g++-6'，以便用GUN g++ 编译而不是clang，但仍然得到类似的错误：

sample_wrap.cpp: In function 'PyObject* PyInit__sample()':
sample_wrap.cpp:4571:16: error: 'import_array' was not declared in this scope
   import_array();
                ^

【参考方案1】：

我会尝试根据这个documentation添加#define SWIG_FILE_WITH_INIT

/* file: sample.i */
%module sample
%
#define SWIG_FILE_WITH_INIT
#include "src/sample.h"
%