Python 请求：IOError：[Errno 22] 无效参数

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】Python 请求：IOError：[Errno 22] 无效参数

【英文标题】：Python Requests: IOError: [Errno 22] Invalid argument

【发布时间】：2016-05-29 18:14:50

【问题描述】：

我是 Python 请求的新手，在尝试 requests.get() 时遇到了 IOError:[Errno 22] Invalid argument。简而言之，我正在尝试使用 SSL 连接到内部 Web 应用程序，因此我根据请求文档传递了证书/密钥组合。

我花了很多时间研究潜在问题，并看到一些关于潜在 SNI 问题的提及，但我不够精明，无法知道如何解决该问题（同样，对于 Requests 来说是新手）。欣赏任何朝着正确方向/进一步挖掘的地方（我猜是 urllib3 部分？）

我的代码

import requests

cert_file_path = "/Users/me/Documents/cert.pem"
key_file_path = "/Users/me/Documents/key.pem"

url = "https://mydomain/path/to/something"
cert = (cert_file_path, key_file_path)
r = requests.get(url, cert=cert) 

我的错误

IOError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
    <ipython-input-48-1ee4a7f23d00> in <module>()
          4 url = "https://mydomain/path/to/something"
          5 cert = (cert_file_path, key_file_path)
    ----> 6 r = requests.get(url, cert=cert)

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/api.pyc in get(url, **kwargs)
         66 
         67     kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)
    ---> 68     return request('get', url, **kwargs)
         69 
         70 

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/api.pyc in request(method, url, **kwargs)
         48 
         49     session = sessions.Session()
    ---> 50     response = session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
         51     # By explicitly closing the session, we avoid leaving sockets open which
         52     # can trigger a ResourceWarning in some cases, and look like a memory leak

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.pyc in request(self, method, url, params, data, headers, cookies, files, auth, timeout, allow_redirects, proxies, hooks, stream, verify, cert, json)
        462         
        463         send_kwargs.update(settings)
    --> 464         resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
        465 
        466         return resp

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.pyc in send(self, request, **kwargs)
        574 
        575         # Send the request
    --> 576         r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
        577 
        578         # Total elapsed time of the request (approximately)

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/adapters.pyc in send(self, request, stream, timeout, verify, cert, proxies)
        368                     decode_content=False,
        369                     retries=self.max_retries,
    --> 370                     timeout=timeout
        371                 )
        372 

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.pyc in urlopen(self, method, url, body, headers, retries, redirect, assert_same_host, timeout, pool_timeout, release_conn, **response_kw)
        542             httplib_response = self._make_request(conn, method, url,
        543                                                   timeout=timeout_obj,
    --> 544                                                   body=body, headers=headers)
        545 
        546             # If we're going to release the connection in ``finally:``, then

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.pyc in _make_request(self, conn, method, url, timeout, **httplib_request_kw)
        339         # Trigger any extra validation we need to do.
        340         try:
    --> 341             self._validate_conn(conn)
        342         except (SocketTimeout, BaseSSLError) as e:
        343             # Py2 raises this as a BaseSSLError, Py3 raises it as socket timeout.

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/packages/urllib3/connectionpool.pyc in _validate_conn(self, conn)
        760         # Force connect early to allow us to validate the connection.
        761         if not getattr(conn, 'sock', None):  # AppEngine might not have  `.sock`
    --> 762             conn.connect()
        763 
        764         if not conn.is_verified:

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/packages/urllib3/connection.pyc in connect(self)
        236                                     ca_certs=self.ca_certs,
        237                                     server_hostname=hostname,
    --> 238                                     ssl_version=resolved_ssl_version)
        239 
        240         if self.assert_fingerprint:

    /Users/me/anaconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.pyc in ssl_wrap_socket(sock, keyfile, certfile, cert_reqs, ca_certs, server_hostname, ssl_version, ciphers, ssl_context)
        261             raise
        262     if certfile:
    --> 263         context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile)
        264     if HAS_SNI:  # Platform-specific: OpenSSL with enabled SNI
        265         return context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)

    IOError: [Errno 22] Invalid argument

环境

Python：Python 2.7.11 :: Anaconda 2.4.1 (x86_64)请求：2.6.0Mac OSX em>：优胜美地 (10.10.5)

【问题讨论】：

您确定证书和密钥文件路径是否正确，并且具有适当的权限以供程序读取？

@JohnGordon 路径绝对正确（当我有错字时，我在早期版本中得到了类似于“无效路径”的内容）。至于是否可以读取证书/密钥，我很想通过一种不同的方法进行检查，以验证是否有一个我可以使用。在以前的迭代中，在我得到我需要的证书/密钥文件之前，它会抛出类似于“证书/密钥不匹配”或“无效 ssl”的东西

您是直接以自己的身份运行该程序，还是在其他环境中执行（例如在 Web 服务器中）？如果是后者，请确保文件在该上下文中是可读的。

作为一个简单的检查，您可以编写一个非常短的脚本来尝试打开这两个文件，看看它是否得到相同的错误。

@JohnGordon 以我自己的身份运行它（在同一个盒子上，我点击浏览器没有任何问题）；两个文件都可以从 bash/终端打开

【参考方案1】：

我认为您需要安装请求模块，安装后，您可以使用：

request.get(url)