在 IIS 中托管 WCF 服务时协议映射错误

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】在 IIS 中托管 WCF 服务时协议映射错误

【英文标题】：Error in Protocol Mapping While hosting a WCF service in IIS

【发布时间】：2012-10-18 21:34:59

【问题描述】：

我用 VS 2010 开发了一个简单的 WCF 服务。我通过添加应用程序托管在 IIS 的默认网站中并设置物理路径

我试图浏览 .svc 文件，它给了我以下错误：

"无法读取配置节 'protocolMapping'，因为它缺少节声明"

我尝试了很多解决方案，但都不起作用

我创建的 WCF 服务库有一个 App.config，其中包含：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>

  <appSettings>
    <add key="aspnet:UseTaskFriendlySynchronizationContext" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" />
  </system.web>
  <!-- When deploying the service library project, the content of the config file must be added to the host's 
  app.config file. System.Configuration does not support config files for libraries. -->
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="EvalServiceLibrary.EvalService">
        <clear />
        <endpoint address="basic" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService"
          listenUriMode="Explicit">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
            <certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
              x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"
          listenUriMode="Explicit">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
            <certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
              x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="ws" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService"
          listenUriMode="Explicit">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
            <certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
              x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="net.tcp://localhost:8888/evalservice" binding="netTcpBinding"
          contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService" listenUriMode="Explicit">
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost" />
            <certificateReference storeName="My" storeLocation="LocalMachine"
              x509FindType="FindBySubjectDistinguishedName" />
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <endpoint address="net.pipe://localhost/evalservice" binding="netNamedPipeBinding"
          bindingConfiguration="" contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService" />
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080/evalservice" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, 
          set the values below to false before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True" httpsGetEnabled="True"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, 
          set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment 
          to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

我在 WCF 网站（我的客户端）中托管的 WCF 服务库应用程序有一个 Web.config，其中包含：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>

  <appSettings>
    <add key="aspnet:UseTaskFriendlySynchronizationContext" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="false" targetFramework="4.5" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5"/>
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="EvalServiceLibrary.EvalService">
        <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="" contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService" />
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
        <endpoint address="basic" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="" contract="EvalServiceLibrary.IEvalService" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the values below to false before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <protocolMapping>
      <add binding="basicHttpsBinding" scheme="https" />
    </protocolMapping>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
    <!--
        To browse web app root directory during debugging, set the value below to true.
        Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing web app folder information.
      -->
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true"/>
  </system.webServer>
</configuration>

【参考方案1】：

Amr，

听起来您运行 .svc 的文件夹可能存在权限问题，请您检查一下是否存在以下权限：

\IIS_IUSERS \IIS_IUSR ---如果在匿名模式下运行 web 服务

对于协议映射问题，请确保您用于 IIS 站点的应用程序池设置为使用 .net 4，据我了解，协议映射仅在 .net 4 中可用。

希望对你有帮助

【讨论】：

权限问题已解决。但现在我正在尝试解决协议映射错误

对我来说，不需要添加额外的权限——只需按照您的指示修复应用程序池就足以解决问题。谢谢。

@AmrRamadan 关于Protocol Mapping error 的任何最终解决方案？

【参考方案2】：

我遇到了同样的问题，但最后发现您必须将默认应用程序池设置为 .Net 4.0，而不仅仅是单个网站的应用程序池。

【参考方案3】：

对于协议映射问题，请确保您用于 IIS 站点的应用程序池设置为使用 .net 4。

【参考方案4】：

我也遇到过同样的问题。通过将应用程序池 .net 框架从 2.0 更改为 4.o 解决了我的问题

【参考方案5】：

.

我也遇到了同样的问题，但最后我可以通过打开一些 Windows 功能来解决它​​。

【参考方案6】：

<configSections>
    <sectionGroup name="system.serviceModel" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.ServiceModelSectionGroup, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089">
        <section name="protocolMapping" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.ProtocolMappingSection, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" />
    </sectionGroup>
</configSections>

添加到 web.config 文件为我解决了