缩放位图保持纵横比

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【中文标题】缩放位图保持纵横比【英文标题】:Scaled Bitmap maintaining aspect ratio 【发布时间】:2013-03-04 15:41:48 【问题描述】:

我想将Bitmap 缩放到与运行时相关的宽度和高度,其中保持纵横比,Bitmap 填充整个宽度并将图像垂直居中,裁剪多余部分或填充间隙具有 0 个 alpha 像素。

我目前正在自己​​重绘位图,方法是创建一个所有 0 alpha 像素的 Bitmap 并在其顶部绘制图像 Bitmap,缩放到精确的指定宽度并保持纵横比,但是,它结束了丢失/搞砸像素数据。

这是我的做法:

Bitmap background = Bitmap.createBitmap((int)width, (int)height, Config.ARGB_8888);
float originalWidth = originalImage.getWidth(), originalHeight = originalImage.getHeight();
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(background);
float scale = width/originalWidth;
float xTranslation = 0.0f, yTranslation = (height - originalHeight * scale)/2.0f;
Matrix transformation = new Matrix();
transformation.postTranslate(xTranslation, yTranslation);
transformation.preScale(scale, scale);
canvas.drawBitmap(originalImage, transformation, null);
return background;

是否有一个库或一些更好的代码可以更好地做到这一点?我希望图像看起来尽可能清晰,但我知道我的函数不会提供很好的结果。

我知道我可以通过使用整数缩放而不是浮点缩放来使图像保持正常,但我需要 100% 填充宽度。

另外,我知道ImageViewGravity.CENTER_CROP 功能,但是,它也使用整数缩放,所以它会在不应该的时候切断图像的宽度。

【问题讨论】:

【参考方案1】:

这将尊重 maxWidth 和 maxHeight,这意味着生成的位图的尺寸永远不会大于这些:

 private static Bitmap resize(Bitmap image, int maxWidth, int maxHeight) 
    if (maxHeight > 0 && maxWidth > 0) 
        int width = image.getWidth();
        int height = image.getHeight();
        float ratioBitmap = (float) width / (float) height;
        float ratioMax = (float) maxWidth / (float) maxHeight;

        int finalWidth = maxWidth;
        int finalHeight = maxHeight;
        if (ratioMax > ratioBitmap) 
            finalWidth = (int) ((float)maxHeight * ratioBitmap);
         else 
            finalHeight = (int) ((float)maxWidth / ratioBitmap);
        
        image = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(image, finalWidth, finalHeight, true);
        return image;
     else 
        return image;
    

【讨论】:

解决方案的答案裁剪图像,但此解决方案工作完美。 @Arslan 我没有使用这种方法进行任何裁剪。你能详细说明一下吗? @JoshPinter “这个问题的公认答案导致裁剪。这个答案对我来说非常有效,因为它不会导致裁剪。” 如果我的宽度和高度是 1200x1200 并且我的最大宽度和高度是 700x700 rationBitmap 和 rationMax 都是 0.0 所以这是一个有效的条件或不是因为之后它将被除以零异常跨度> 对我来说完美:)【参考方案2】:

这个呢:

Bitmap background = Bitmap.createBitmap((int)width, (int)height, Config.ARGB_8888);

float originalWidth = originalImage.getWidth(); 
float originalHeight = originalImage.getHeight();

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(background);

float scale = width / originalWidth;

float xTranslation = 0.0f;
float yTranslation = (height - originalHeight * scale) / 2.0f;

Matrix transformation = new Matrix();
transformation.postTranslate(xTranslation, yTranslation);
transformation.preScale(scale, scale);

Paint paint = new Paint();
paint.setFilterBitmap(true);

canvas.drawBitmap(originalImage, transformation, paint);

return background;

我添加了一个paint 来过滤缩放的位图。

【讨论】:

嗯,比例不能改变,因为我需要填充宽度,它也不能裁剪宽度。然而,油漆起到了作用。谢谢!您可以编辑答案以切换回我的缩放比例吗? 但它正在裁剪图像 就是这样!终于【参考方案3】:

这是我的 Utils 类中的一个方法,它可以完成这项工作:

public static Bitmap scaleBitmapAndKeepRation(Bitmap targetBmp,int reqHeightInPixels,int reqWidthInPixels)
    
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        matrix .setRectToRect(new RectF(0, 0, targetBmp.getWidth(), targetBmp.getHeight()), new RectF(0, 0, reqWidthInPixels, reqHeightInPixels), Matrix.ScaleToFit.CENTER);
        Bitmap scaledBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(targetBmp, 0, 0, targetBmp.getWidth(), targetBmp.getHeight(), matrix, true);
        return scaledBitmap;
    

【讨论】:

注意这只是 API 17 (Jellybean) 或更高版本 整洁!! .那很简单。除了变量命名约定。最好更改 TargetBmp -> targetBmp。适用于 portraitlandscape 图像 当我们使用这种方法缩放位图时,位图质量会下降。不适合我。请给我另一个解决方案。 @RishavSingla 您正在请求解决调整图像大小的固有成本问题。它不是向量。调整大小是一项有损操作。【参考方案4】:

这里我有一个经过测试的解决方案,我从位图文件中创建了一个缩放位图:

    int scaleSize =1024;

    public Bitmap resizeImageForImageView(Bitmap bitmap) 
        Bitmap resizedBitmap = null;
        int originalWidth = bitmap.getWidth();
        int originalHeight = bitmap.getHeight();
        int newWidth = -1;
        int newHeight = -1;
        float multFactor = -1.0F;
        if(originalHeight > originalWidth) 
            newHeight = scaleSize ;
            multFactor = (float) originalWidth/(float) originalHeight;
            newWidth = (int) (newHeight*multFactor);
         else if(originalWidth > originalHeight) 
            newWidth = scaleSize ;
            multFactor = (float) originalHeight/ (float)originalWidth;
            newHeight = (int) (newWidth*multFactor);
         else if(originalHeight == originalWidth) 
            newHeight = scaleSize ;
            newWidth = scaleSize ;
        
        resizedBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, newWidth, newHeight, false);
        return resizedBitmap;
    

请注意,我需要最大尺寸为 4096x4096 像素的缩放位图,但在调整大小时需要保持纵横比。如果您需要其他宽度或高度值,只需替换值“4096”即可。

这只是对 Coen 答案的补充,但他的代码中的问题是他计算比率的那一行。将两个整数相除得到一个整数,如果结果为

【讨论】:

我建议将新的大小值提取到变量或参数中以避免重复。您也可以使用新的大小值初始化 newWidth 和 newHeight 并仅重新设置更改以保留比例的变量(也不需要预先初始化 multFactor 或 resizedBitmap)。 你绝对是对的@Christopher Reichel,上面的代码并没有缩放所有的尺寸,只是宽度大于高度的尺寸。这个答案更好,但@joaomgcd 的答案比这更好,因为代码优化和方法参数。【参考方案5】:

以上答案都不适合我,我只是创建了一个方法,将所有尺寸设置为所需的尺寸,并将空白区域涂成黑色。这是我的方法:

/**
 * Scale the image preserving the ratio
 * @param imageToScale Image to be scaled
 * @param destinationWidth Destination width after scaling
 * @param destinationHeight Destination height after scaling
 * @return New scaled bitmap preserving the ratio
 */
public static Bitmap scalePreserveRatio(Bitmap imageToScale, int destinationWidth,
        int destinationHeight) 
    if (destinationHeight > 0 && destinationWidth > 0 && imageToScale != null) 
        int width = imageToScale.getWidth();
        int height = imageToScale.getHeight();

        //Calculate the max changing amount and decide which dimension to use
        float widthRatio = (float) destinationWidth / (float) width;
        float heightRatio = (float) destinationHeight / (float) height;

        //Use the ratio that will fit the image into the desired sizes
        int finalWidth = (int)Math.floor(width * widthRatio);
        int finalHeight = (int)Math.floor(height * widthRatio);
        if (finalWidth > destinationWidth || finalHeight > destinationHeight) 
            finalWidth = (int)Math.floor(width * heightRatio);
            finalHeight = (int)Math.floor(height * heightRatio);
        

        //Scale given bitmap to fit into the desired area
        imageToScale = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(imageToScale, finalWidth, finalHeight, true);

        //Created a bitmap with desired sizes
        Bitmap scaledImage = Bitmap.createBitmap(destinationWidth, destinationHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(scaledImage);

        //Draw background color
        Paint paint = new Paint();
        paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
        canvas.drawRect(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight(), paint);

        //Calculate the ratios and decide which part will have empty areas (width or height)
        float ratioBitmap = (float)finalWidth / (float)finalHeight;
        float destinationRatio = (float) destinationWidth / (float) destinationHeight;
        float left = ratioBitmap >= destinationRatio ? 0 : (float)(destinationWidth - finalWidth) / 2;
        float top = ratioBitmap < destinationRatio ? 0: (float)(destinationHeight - finalHeight) / 2;
        canvas.drawBitmap(imageToScale, left, top, null);

        return scaledImage;
     else 
        return imageToScale;
    

例如;

假设您有一个 100 x 100 的图像,但所需的尺寸是 300x50,那么此方法会将您的图像转换为 50 x 50 并将其绘制成尺寸为 300 x 50 的新图像(空文件将是黑色的)。

另一个例子:假设您有一个 600 x 1000 的图像,并且所需的尺寸再次为 300 x 50,那么您的图像将被转换为 30 x 50 并绘制成一个尺寸为 300 x 50 的新创建的图像.

我认为这就是它必须的,卢比。

【讨论】:

我的用例的完美答案 很好,也适用于我的用例。有效地计算宽度和高度。 我投了赞成票,因为它可以同时完成这两项工作,使位图在不丢失纵横比的情况下进行缩放,并使位图居中。【参考方案6】:

更简单的解决方案:注意我们将宽度设置为 500 像素

 public void scaleImageKeepAspectRatio()
    
        int imageWidth = scaledGalleryBitmap.getWidth();
        int imageHeight = scaledGalleryBitmap.getHeight();
        int newHeight = (imageHeight * 500)/imageWidth;
        scaledGalleryBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(scaledGalleryBitmap, 500, newHeight, false);

    

【讨论】:

【参考方案7】:

也可以通过自己计算比例来完成,像这样。

private Bitmap scaleBitmap(Bitmap bm) 
    int width = bm.getWidth();
    int height = bm.getHeight();

    Log.v("Pictures", "Width and height are " + width + "--" + height);

    if (width > height) 
        // landscape
        int ratio = width / maxWidth;
        width = maxWidth;
        height = height / ratio;
     else if (height > width) 
        // portrait
        int ratio = height / maxHeight;
        height = maxHeight;
        width = width / ratio;
     else 
        // square
        height = maxHeight;
        width = maxWidth;
    

    Log.v("Pictures", "after scaling Width and height are " + width + "--" + height);

    bm = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bm, width, height, true);
    return bm;

【讨论】:

如果你缩小比例,比率为0,它会抛出一个异常除以0 是的,无论如何,它的解决方案才是正确的?秃鹰总是准备在这里投反对票....叹息:-)【参考方案8】:

在 Gowrav 的回答中添加了 RESIZE_CROP。

   enum RequestSizeOptions 
    RESIZE_FIT,
    RESIZE_INSIDE,
    RESIZE_EXACT,
    RESIZE_CENTRE_CROP

static Bitmap resizeBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int reqWidth, int reqHeight, RequestSizeOptions options) 
    try 
        if (reqWidth > 0 && reqHeight > 0 && (options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_FIT ||
                options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_INSIDE ||
                options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_EXACT || options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_CENTRE_CROP)) 

            Bitmap resized = null;
            if (options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_EXACT) 
                resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, reqWidth, reqHeight, false);
             else 
                int width = bitmap.getWidth();
                int height = bitmap.getHeight();
                float scale = Math.max(width / (float) reqWidth, height / (float) reqHeight);
                if (scale > 1 || options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_FIT) 
                    resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, (int) (width / scale), (int) (height / scale), false);
                
                if (scale > 1 || options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_CENTRE_CROP) 
                    int smaller_side = (height-width)>0?width:height;
                    int half_smaller_side = smaller_side/2;
                    Rect initialRect = new Rect(0,0,width,height);
                    Rect finalRect = new Rect(initialRect.centerX()-half_smaller_side,initialRect.centerY()-half_smaller_side,
                            initialRect.centerX()+half_smaller_side,initialRect.centerY()+half_smaller_side);
                    bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap,  finalRect.left, finalRect.top, finalRect.width(), finalRect.height(), null, true);
                    //keep in mind we have square as request for cropping, otherwise - it is useless
                    resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, reqWidth, reqHeight, false);
                

            
            if (resized != null) 
                if (resized != bitmap) 
                    bitmap.recycle();
                
                return resized;
            
        
     catch (Exception e) 
        Log.w("AIC", "Failed to resize cropped image, return bitmap before resize", e);
    
    return bitmap;

【讨论】:

【参考方案9】:

基于joaomgcd的回答的Kotlin扩展功能版本

private fun Bitmap.resize(maxWidth: Int, maxHeight: Int): Bitmap 
    return if (maxHeight > 0 && maxWidth > 0) 
        val width = this.width
        val height = this.height
        val ratioBitmap = width.toFloat() / height.toFloat()
        val ratioMax = maxWidth.toFloat() / maxHeight.toFloat()
        var finalWidth = maxWidth
        var finalHeight = maxHeight
        if (ratioMax > ratioBitmap) 
            finalWidth = (maxHeight.toFloat() * ratioBitmap).toInt()
         else 
            finalHeight = (maxWidth.toFloat() / ratioBitmap).toInt()
        
        Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(this, finalWidth, finalHeight, true)
     else this

【讨论】:

【参考方案10】:

This is an awesome library from ArthurHub 如果您不想重新发明***,可以通过编程和交互方式处理图像裁剪。

但是如果你喜欢像我这样不臃肿的版本..,这里显示的内部函数是一个相当复杂的执行图像缩放的标准选项

/**
 * Resize the given bitmap to the given width/height by the given option.<br>
 */

enum RequestSizeOptions 
    RESIZE_FIT,
    RESIZE_INSIDE,
    RESIZE_EXACT


static Bitmap resizeBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int reqWidth, int reqHeight, RequestSizeOptions options) 
    try 
        if (reqWidth > 0 && reqHeight > 0 && (options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_FIT ||
                options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_INSIDE ||
                options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_EXACT)) 

            Bitmap resized = null;
            if (options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_EXACT) 
                resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, reqWidth, reqHeight, false);
             else 
                int width = bitmap.getWidth();
                int height = bitmap.getHeight();
                float scale = Math.max(width / (float) reqWidth, height / (float) reqHeight);
                if (scale > 1 || options == RequestSizeOptions.RESIZE_FIT) 
                    resized = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, (int) (width / scale), (int) (height / scale), false);
                
            
            if (resized != null) 
                if (resized != bitmap) 
                    bitmap.recycle();
                
                return resized;
            
        
     catch (Exception e) 
        Log.w("AIC", "Failed to resize cropped image, return bitmap before resize", e);
    
    return bitmap;

【讨论】:

【参考方案11】:
public static Bitmap scaleBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int wantedWidth, int wantedHeight) 
    float originalWidth = bitmap.getWidth();
    float originalHeight = bitmap.getHeight();
    Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(wantedWidth, wantedHeight, Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output);
    Matrix m = new Matrix();

    float scalex = wantedWidth/originalWidth;
    float scaley = wantedHeight/originalHeight;
    float xTranslation = 0.0f, yTranslation = (wantedHeight - originalHeight * scaley)/2.0f;

    m.postTranslate(xTranslation, yTranslation);
    m.preScale(scalex, scaley);
    // m.setScale((float) wantedWidth / bitmap.getWidth(), (float) wantedHeight / bitmap.getHeight());
    Paint paint = new Paint();
    paint.setFilterBitmap(true);
    canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, m, paint);

    return output;

【讨论】:

【参考方案12】:

我的解决方案是这样,它保持纵横比,并且只需要一个尺寸,例如,如果你有一个 1920*1080 和一个 1080*1920 的图像并且你想将其调整为 1280,第一个将是 1280*720第二个是 720*1280

public static Bitmap resizeBitmap(final Bitmap temp, final int size) 
        if (size > 0) 
            int width = temp.getWidth();
            int height = temp.getHeight();
            float ratioBitmap = (float) width / (float) height;
            int finalWidth = size;
            int finalHeight = size;
            if (ratioBitmap < 1) 
                finalWidth = (int) ((float) size * ratioBitmap);
             else 
                finalHeight = (int) ((float) size / ratioBitmap);
            
            return Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(temp, finalWidth, finalHeight, true);
         else 
            return temp;
        
    

【讨论】:

【参考方案13】:

重新缩放图像涉及简单的数学运算,请考虑以下 sn-p 并继续操作, 1. 假设你有一个 720x1280 的 Imaan 图像,并且你想适应 420 的宽度,得到给定数学所需的减少百分比,

originalWidth = 720;
wP = 720/100;
/*  wP = 7.20 is a percentage value */
    现在从原始宽度中减去所需的宽度,然后将结果乘以wP。您将获得宽度减少的百分比。

difference = originalWidth - 420; dP = difference/wP;

这里dP 将是 41.66,表示您将大小减小 41.66%。因此,您必须将高度降低 41.66(dP) 以保持该图像的比例或比例。 计算如下给出的高度,

hP = originalHeight / 100;
//here height percentage will be 1280/100 = 12.80
height = originalHeight - ( hp * dP);
// here 1280 - (12.80 * 41.66) = 746.75

这是您的合适比例,您可以调整 420x747 的图像/位图大小。它将返回调整大小的图像而不会丢失比例/比例。

示例

public static Bitmap scaleToFit(Bitmap image, int width, int height, bool isWidthReference) 
    if (isWidthReference) 
        int originalWidth = image.getWidth();
        float wP = width / 100;
        float dP = ( originalWidth - width) / wP;
        int originalHeight = image.getHeight();
        float hP = originalHeight / 100;
        int height = originalHeight - (hP * dP);
        image = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(image, width, height, true);
     else 
        int originalHeight = image.getHeight();
        float hP = height / 100;
        float dP = ( originalHeight - height) / hP;
        int originalWidth = image.getWidth();
        float wP = originalWidth / 100;
        int width = originalWidth - (wP * dP);
        image = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(image, width, height, true);
    
    return image;

在这里,您只是参考高度或宽度参数来缩放图像以适应所需的标准。

【讨论】:

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