C# Mime 类型类

Posted 2023-02-21

【中文标题】C# Mime 类型类

【英文标题】：C# Mime Types class

【发布时间】：2018-06-01 20:22:28

【问题描述】：

我想在我的代码中保存一个 Mime 类型。 现在我习惯这样做：

string mYMimeType = "text/plain";

有没有办法将它保存在（已经存在的）标准的专用类中？ 比如……

Http.MimeTypes myMimeType = Http.MimeTypes.TextPlain;

【参考方案1】：

你可以利用MediaTypeNames类存在于System.Net.Mime命名空间。

下面是.net类可以帮助你，你不必自己创建它。

namespace System.Net.Mime

    // Summary:
    //     Specifies the media type information for an e-mail message attachment.
    public static class MediaTypeNames
    

        // Summary:
        //     Specifies the kind of application data in an e-mail message attachment.
        public static class Application
        
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application data is not
            //     interpreted.
            public const string Octet = "application/octet-stream";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application data is in
            //     Portable Document Format (PDF).
            public const string Pdf = "application/pdf";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application data is in
            //     Rich Text Format (RTF).
            public const string Rtf = "application/rtf";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application data is a SOAP
            //     document.
            public const string Soap = "application/soap+xml";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Application data is compressed.
            public const string Zip = "application/zip";
        

        // Summary:
        //     Specifies the type of image data in an e-mail message attachment.
        public static class Image
        
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Image data is in Graphics
            //     Interchange Format (GIF).
            public const string Gif = "image/gif";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Image data is in Joint
            //     Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format.
            public const string Jpeg = "image/jpeg";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Image data is in Tagged
            //     Image File Format (TIFF).
            public const string Tiff = "image/tiff";
        

        // Summary:
        //     Specifies the type of text data in an e-mail message attachment.
        public static class Text
        
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text data is in html format.
            public const string Html = "text/html";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text data is in plain text
            //     format.
            public const string Plain = "text/plain";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text data is in Rich Text
            //     Format (RTF).
            public const string RichText = "text/richtext";
            //
            // Summary:
            //     Specifies that the System.Net.Mime.MediaTypeNames.Text data is in XML format.
            public const string Xml = "text/xml";
        
    

【讨论】：

为什么像 .net 这样的标准没有所有的媒体类型，而只有少数？我不明白 :-) 不过，谢谢你的回复

他们甚至没有text/json 或application/json，哇。 ?

哦，这不是真的。由于 dotnet core 2.1 MediaTypeNames.Application.Json 已被定义。

【参考方案2】：

您可以使用方法通过文件扩展名MimeTypeMapper.GetMimeType(".xlsx")获取mime类型 下面是一个实现示例：

public static class MimeTypeMapper

    private static readonly IDictionary<string, string> _mappings =
        new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
        
            ".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel",
            ".xlsb", "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12",
            ".xlsm", "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12",
            ".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
            ".xlt", "application/vnd.ms-excel",
            ".xltm", "application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12",
            ".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed",
        ;

    public static string GetMimeType(string extension)
    
        if (extension == null)
        
            throw new ArgumentNullException("extension");
        
        if (!extension.StartsWith("."))
        
            extension = "." + extension;
        
        string mime;
        return _mappings.TryGetValue(extension, out mime) ? mime : "application/octet-stream";