为啥 PyGame 在延迟或睡眠之前没有在窗口中绘制？
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【中文标题】为啥 PyGame 在延迟或睡眠之前没有在窗口中绘制？【英文标题】：Why doesn't PyGame draw in the window before the delay or sleep?为什么 PyGame 在延迟或睡眠之前没有在窗口中绘制？ 【发布时间】：2020-11-22 21:32:22 【问题描述】：我正在做一个乒乓球游戏。当任何一个得分达到 10 时，它应该在屏幕上显示一些文字，并说右边的玩家赢了或左边的玩家赢了。但是，在我的程序中，它不起作用。当它必须显示右边或左边玩家获胜的文本时，它不会显示它。但它适用于其他一切。代码如下：
# Importing libraries
import pygame
import random
import time
# Initializing PyGame
pygame.init()
# Setting a window name
pygame.display.set_caption("Ping Pong")
# Creating a font
pygame.font.init()
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 30)
pong_font = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsansms", 75)
# Set the height and width of the screen
window_width = 700
window_height = 500
size = [window_width, window_height]
game_win = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
game_win2 = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
# Creating a messaging system
def message(sentence, color, x, y, font_type, display):
sentence = font_type.render(sentence, True, color)
display.blit(sentence, [x, y])
# Creating colors
white = (225, 225, 225)
black = (0, 0, 0)
gray = (100, 100, 100)
# Setting up ball
ball_size = 25
class Ball:
"""
Class to keep track of a ball's location and vector.
"""
def __init__(self):
self.x = 0
self.y = 0
self.change_x = 0
self.change_y = 0
def make_ball():
ball = Ball()
# Starting position of the ball.
ball.x = 350
ball.y = 250
# Speed and direction of rectangle
ball.change_x = 5
ball.change_y = 5
return ball
def main():
# Scores
left_score = 0
right_score = 0
pygame.init()
# Loop until the user clicks the close button.
done = False
ball_list = []
ball = make_ball()
ball_list.append(ball)
# Right paddle coordinates
y = 200
y_change = 0
x = 50
# Left paddle coordinates
y1 = 200
y1_change = 0
x1 = 650
while not done:
# --- Event Processing
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
done = True
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_w:
y_change = -7
elif event.key == pygame.K_s:
y_change = 7
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
y1_change = -7
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
y1_change = 7
elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
y_change = 0
y1_change = 0
y += y_change
y1 += y1_change
# Preventing from letting the paddle go off screen
if y > window_height - 100:
y -= 10
if y < 50:
y += 10
if y1 > window_height - 100:
y1 -= 10
if y1 < 50:
y1 += 10
# Logic
for ball in ball_list:
# Move the ball's center
ball.x += ball.change_x
ball.y += ball.change_y
# Bounce the ball if needed
if ball.y > 500 - ball_size or ball.y < ball_size:
ball.change_y *= -1
if ball.x > window_width - ball_size:
ball.change_x *= -1
left_score += 1
if ball.x < ball_size:
ball.change_x *= -1
right_score += 1
ball_rect = pygame.Rect(ball.x - ball_size, ball.y - ball_size, ball_size * 2, ball_size * 2)
left_paddle_rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, 25, 75)
if ball.change_x < 0 and ball_rect.colliderect(left_paddle_rect):
ball.change_x = abs(ball.change_x)
right_paddle_rect = pygame.Rect(x1, y1, 25, 75)
if ball.change_x > 0 and ball_rect.colliderect(right_paddle_rect):
ball.change_x = -abs(ball.change_x)
# Here is the where the messaging system doesn't work, I don't know why! It works fine for everything else
if right_score == 10:
message("RIGHT PLAYER HAS WON!!", white, 300, 200, font, game_win)
time.sleep(5)
pygame.quit()
quit()
elif left_score == 10:
message("LEFT PLAYER HAS WON!!", white, 300, 200, font, game_win)
time.sleep(5)
pygame.quit()
quit()
# Drawing
# Set the screen background
game_win.fill(black)
# Draw the balls
for ball in ball_list:
pygame.draw.circle(game_win, white, [ball.x, ball.y], ball_size)
# Creating Scoreboard
message("Left player score: " + str(left_score), white, 10, 10, font, game_win)
message("Right player score: " + str(right_score), white, 490, 10, font, game_win)
# Drawing a left paddle
pygame.draw.rect(game_win, white, [x, y, 25, 100])
# Drawing a right paddle
pygame.draw.rect(game_win, white, [x1, y1, 25, 100])
# Setting FPS
FPS = pygame.time.Clock()
FPS.tick(60)
# Updating so actions take place
pygame.display.flip()
while True:
game_win2.fill(black)
pygame.event.get()
mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
click = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
message("Pong", white, 280, 100, pong_font, game_win2)
if 150 + 100 > mouse[0] > 150 and 350 + 50 > mouse[1] > 350:
pygame.draw.rect(game_win, gray, [150, 350, 100, 50])
if click[0] == 1:
break
else:
pygame.draw.rect(game_win, white, [150, 350, 100, 50])
if 450 + 100 > mouse[0] > 450 and 350 + 50 > mouse[1] > 350:
pygame.draw.rect(game_win, gray, [450, 350, 100, 50])
if click[0] == 1:
pygame.quit()
quit()
else:
pygame.draw.rect(game_win, white, [450, 350, 100, 50])
message("Start", black, 175, 367, font, game_win2)
message("Quit", black, 475, 367, font, game_win2)
# Go ahead and update the screen with what we've drawn.
pygame.display.flip()
# Wrap-up
# Limit to 60 frames per second
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
clock.tick(60)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
我添加了一个小注释，它是：“# Here is the where the messaging system doesn't work, I don't know why! It works fine for everything else”。现在，当有人得分 10 分时，什么都没有发生。它=等待几秒钟。这样您就可以在程序关闭之前阅读“左玩家赢了”或“右玩家赢了”。但它根本没有出现！我不知道为什么！有人可以帮忙吗？
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：仅当pygame.display.update() 或pygame.display.flip() 出现时才会更新显示
叫做。见pygame.display.flip():
这将更新整个显示的内容。
您还必须使用pygame.event.pump() 处理事件，然后才能在窗口中看到显示的更新。
见pygame.event.pump():
对于游戏的每一帧，您都需要对事件队列进行某种调用。这确保您的程序可以在内部与操作系统的其余部分进行交互。
如果您想显示文本并延迟游戏，那么您必须更新显示并处理事件。
编写一个延迟游戏并更新显示的函数。我建议使用pygame.time 模块来实现延迟（例如pygame.time.delay()）
def update_and_wait(delay):
pygame.display.flip()
pygame.event.pump()
pygame.time.delay(delay * 1000) # 1 second == 1000 milliseconds
或者甚至实现一个函数，它自己的事件循环来保持应用程序响应。通过pygame.time.get_ticks()测量时间：
def update_and_wait(delay):
start_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
print("auit")
pygame.quit()
return False
if pygame.time.get_ticks() >= start_time + delay * 1000:
break
return True
在应用程序中使用函数：
def main():
# [...]
while not done:
# [...]
for ball in ball_list:
# [...]
if right_score == 0:
message_wait("RIGHT PLAYER HAS WON!!", white, 300, 200, font, game_win)
update_and_wait(5)
quit()
elif left_score == 0:
message_wait("LEFT PLAYER HAS WON!!", white, 300, 200, font, game_win)
update_and_wait(5)
quit()
【讨论】：
谢谢你帮了很多忙以上是关于为啥 PyGame 在延迟或睡眠之前没有在窗口中绘制？的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章