Rspec/Capybara 正在加载，循环要求被认为是有害的

Posted 2023-02-15

【中文标题】Rspec/Capybara 正在加载，循环要求被认为是有害的

【英文标题】：Rspec/Capybara loading in progress, circular require considered harmful

【发布时间】：2014-08-02 07:24:42

【问题描述】：

不确定这是否是 Capybara 问题，但我刚刚重新安装了 Rails (4.1.1) 和 Rspec Rails (3.0.1)，我想使用 Capybara (2.3.0)，但从未使用过我遇到了问题。我在 spec/features 中创建了一个“规范”，并且该规范本身按预期运行并通过，但是当 rspec 运行时我收到以下“警告”。有任何想法吗？我是否只需要在 ruby​​ 级别禁用警告或其他什么？

/Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/mail-2.5.4/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/sendmail.rb:53: warning: shadowing outer local variable - to
/Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247: warning: loading in progress, circular require considered harmful - /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/capybara-2.3.0/lib/capybara.rb
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in  `<main>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in  `eval'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/bin/rspec:23:in  `<main>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/bin/rspec:23:in  `load'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/exe/rspec:4:in  `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:38:in  `invoke'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:70:in  `run'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:85:in  `run'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:97:in  `setup'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1051:in  `load_spec_files'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1051:in  `each'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1051:in  `block in load_spec_files'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-core-3.0.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:1051:in  `load'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/Dev/Doki/engines/doki_core/spec/features/accounts/sign_up_spec.rb:1:in  `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/Dev/Doki/engines/doki_core/spec/features/accounts/sign_up_spec.rb:1:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/Dev/Doki/engines/doki_core/spec/rails_helper.rb:7:in  `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in  `load_dependency'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `block in require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-rails-3.0.1/lib/rspec/rails.rb:9:in  `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in  `load_dependency'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `block in require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/rspec-rails-3.0.1/lib/rspec/rails/vendor/capybara.rb:2:in  `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in  `load_dependency'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `block in require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/capybara-2.3.0/lib/capybara/rspec.rb:1:in  `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in  `load_dependency'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `block in require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/capybara-2.3.0/lib/capybara.rb:5:in  `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/capybara-2.3.0/lib/capybara.rb:320:in  `<module:Capybara>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in  `load_dependency'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `block in require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/capybara-2.3.0/lib/capybara/dsl.rb:1:in  `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in  `load_dependency'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `block in require'
    from /Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/activesupport-4.1.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in  `require'
/Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/capybara-2.3.0/lib/capybara/node/matchers.rb:121: warning: assigned but unused variable - e
/Users/typeoneerror/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@doki/gems/capybara-2.3.0/lib/capybara/selenium/driver.rb:119: warning: assigned but unused variable - a

【问题讨论】：

我在升级到 RSpec 3 时遇到了同样的问题 - Myron 的回答是正确的，请关闭警告。

当您添加 rspec-rails 并运行rails 生成器来安装 rspec 并创建功能规范。修复与描述的相同，从生成的 .rspec 文件中删除 --warnings。

【参考方案1】：

从.rspec 中删除--warnings。 rspec 3.0.0 中的生成器包含此设置，但我们已经意识到这是一个错误——虽然鼓励用户编写无警告代码是件好事，但如果用户在不知道原因的情况下收到这些警告，则会感到困惑。

更多信息：

https://github.com/rspec/rspec-core/issues/1571

【讨论】：

从 .rspec 中删除“--warnings”将解决问题，但很多警告本身似乎是由 .rspec 中的“--require spec_helper”行引起的，至少当你'在 Rails 下重新运行 rspec，因为 "rails generate rspec:install" 生成的 rails_helper.rb 也明确需要 spec_helper，导致大量循环依赖警告。

@Jeremy - Ruby 允许您多次要求同一个文件而不会发出警告，因此您所描述的内容是出乎意料的。你可以为它打开一个 rspec-rails 问题吗？

谢谢！将此config.warnings = false 放入 spec_helper 即可解决问题！