修改 android drawable 的颜色

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【中文标题】修改 android drawable 的颜色【英文标题】:Modifying the color of an android drawable 【发布时间】:2012-03-27 11:13:03 【问题描述】:

我希望能够使用相同的可绘制对象来表示两者:

作为同一个drawable,并根据一些编程值重新着色drawable,以便最终用户可以重新主题化界面。

最好的方法是什么?我已经尝试(并重用了来自)this previous S.O. question 的图标,但我不能将这种变化表示为简单的色调变化,因为它的饱和度和值也会有所不同..

最好将图标存储为我想要更改的区域中的全白?还是透明的?还是其他纯色?

有什么方法可以让你根据 red_icon 的颜色和 blue_icon 的颜色之间的差异来计算矩阵吗?

【问题讨论】:

【参考方案1】:

所以经过大量的试验和错误,阅读不同的文章,最重要的是,通过 API 演示(ColorFilters.java - com.example.android.apis.graphics 中找到)我找到了解决方案。

对于纯色图像,我发现最好使用颜色过滤器 PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP,因为它会将颜色覆盖在源图像的顶部,让您可以将颜色更改为您正在寻找的确切颜色.

对于更复杂的图像,例如上面的图像,我发现最好的办法是将整个图像着色为白色 (FFFFFF),这样当您执行 PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY 时,您最终会得到正确的颜色,并且图像中的所有黑色 (000000) 都将保持黑色。

colorfilters.java 向您展示了如果您在画布上绘图,它是如何完成的,但如果您只需要为可绘制对象着色,那么这将起作用:

COLOR2 = Color.parseColor("#FF"+getColor());
Mode mMode = Mode.SRC_ATOP;
Drawable d = mCtx.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.image);
d.setColorFilter(COLOR2,mMode)

我创建了一个演示活动,使用一些 API 演示代码在每种颜色过滤器模式之间进行切换,以在不同情况下尝试它们,发现它非常宝贵,所以我想我会在这里发布。

public class ColorFilters extends GraphicsActivity 

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(new SampleView(this));



private static class SampleView extends View 
    private Activity mActivity;
    private Drawable mDrawable;
    private Drawable[] mDrawables;
    private Paint mPaint;
    private Paint mPaint2;
    private float mPaintTextOffset;
    private int[] mColors;
    private PorterDuff.Mode[] mModes;
    private int mModeIndex;
    private Typeface futura_bold;
    private AssetManager assets;

    private static void addToTheRight(Drawable curr, Drawable prev) 
        Rect r = prev.getBounds();
        int x = r.right + 12;
        int center = (r.top + r.bottom) >> 1;
        int h = curr.getIntrinsicHeight();
        int y = center - (h >> 1);

        curr.setBounds(x, y, x + curr.getIntrinsicWidth(), y + h);
    

    public SampleView(Activity activity) 
        super(activity);
        mActivity = activity;
        Context context = activity;
        setFocusable(true);

        /**1. GET DRAWABLE, SET BOUNDS */
        assets = context.getAssets();
        mDrawable = context.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.roundrect_gray_button_bg_nine);
        mDrawable.setBounds(0, 0, mDrawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), mDrawable.getIntrinsicHeight());

        mDrawable.setDither(true);

        int[] resIDs = new int[] 
            R.drawable.roundrect_gray_button_bg,
            R.drawable.order_button_white,
            R.drawable.yellowbar
        ;
        mDrawables = new Drawable[resIDs.length];
        Drawable prev = mDrawable;
        for (int i = 0; i < resIDs.length; i++) 
            mDrawables[i] = context.getResources().getDrawable(resIDs[i]);
            mDrawables[i].setDither(true);
            addToTheRight(mDrawables[i], prev);
            prev = mDrawables[i];
        

        /**2. SET Paint for writing text on buttons */
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mPaint.setTextSize(16);
        mPaint.setTextAlign(Paint.Align.CENTER);

        mPaint2 = new Paint(mPaint);
        /** Calculating size based on font */
        futura_bold = Typeface.createFromAsset(assets,
                "fonts/futurastd-bold.otf");
        //Determine size and offset to write text in label based on font size.
        mPaint.setTypeface(futura_bold);
        Paint.FontMetrics fm = mPaint.getFontMetrics();
        mPaintTextOffset = (fm.descent + fm.ascent) * 0.5f;

        mColors = new int[] 
            0,
            0xFFA60017,//WE USE THESE
            0xFFC6D405,
            0xFF4B5B98,
            0xFF656565,
            0xFF8888FF,
            0xFF4444FF,
        ;

        mModes = new PorterDuff.Mode[] 
            PorterDuff.Mode.DARKEN,
            PorterDuff.Mode.DST,
            PorterDuff.Mode.DST_ATOP,
            PorterDuff.Mode.DST_IN,
            PorterDuff.Mode.DST_OUT,
            PorterDuff.Mode.DST_OVER,
            PorterDuff.Mode.LIGHTEN,
            PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY,
            PorterDuff.Mode.SCREEN,
            PorterDuff.Mode.SRC,
            PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP,
            PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN,
            PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_OUT,
            PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_OVER,
            PorterDuff.Mode.XOR
        ;
        mModeIndex = 0;

        updateTitle();
    

    private void swapPaintColors() 
        if (mPaint.getColor() == 0xFF000000) 
            mPaint.setColor(0xFFFFFFFF);
            mPaint2.setColor(0xFF000000);
         else 
            mPaint.setColor(0xFF000000);
            mPaint2.setColor(0xFFFFFFFF);
        
        mPaint2.setAlpha(0);
    

    private void updateTitle() 
        mActivity.setTitle(mModes[mModeIndex].toString());
    

    private void drawSample(Canvas canvas, ColorFilter filter) 
        /** Create a rect around bounds, ensure size offset */
        Rect r = mDrawable.getBounds();
        float x = (r.left + r.right) * 0.5f;
        float y = (r.top + r.bottom) * 0.5f - mPaintTextOffset;

        /**Set color filter to selected color 
         * create canvas (filled with this color)
         * Write text using paint (new color)
         */
        mDrawable.setColorFilter(filter);
        mDrawable.draw(canvas);
        /** If the text doesn't fit in the button, make the text size smaller until it does*/
        final float size = mPaint.measureText("Label");
        if((int) size > (r.right-r.left)) 
            float ts = mPaint.getTextSize();
            Log.w("DEBUG","Text size was"+ts);
            mPaint.setTextSize(ts-2);
        
        canvas.drawText("Sausage Burrito", x, y, mPaint);
        /** Write the text and draw it onto the drawable*/

        for (Drawable dr : mDrawables) 
            dr.setColorFilter(filter);
            dr.draw(canvas);
        
    

    @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) 
        canvas.drawColor(0xFFCCCCCC);            

        canvas.translate(8, 12);
        for (int color : mColors) 
            ColorFilter filter;
            if (color == 0) 
                filter = null;
             else 
                filter = new PorterDuffColorFilter(color,
                                                   mModes[mModeIndex]);
            
            drawSample(canvas, filter);
            canvas.translate(0, 55);
        
    

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) 
        float x = event.getX();
        float y = event.getY();
        switch (event.getAction()) 
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                // update mode every other time we change paint colors
                if (mPaint.getColor() == 0xFFFFFFFF) 
                    mModeIndex = (mModeIndex + 1) % mModes.length;
                    updateTitle();
                
                swapPaintColors();
                invalidate();
                break;
            
        return true;
        
    

另外两个依赖项,GraphicsActivity.java 和 PictureLayout.java,如果您想测试一下,可以直接从 API Demos 活动中复制。

【讨论】:

如果我的可绘制对象具有纯色 FFFFFFFF (ARGB) 的形状,并且想用颜色#CCCCCCCC(即使用 alpha)绘制它,我该怎么做?我尝试使用 SRC_ATOP 模式,但似乎 alpha 给了我不同的结果 @steve_gregory “将整个图像着色为白色(FFFFFF)”是什么意思? 我不太清楚你是如何做你提到的,“将整个图像着色为白色 (FFFFFF),这样当你执行 PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY 时,你最终会得到正确的颜色,并且图像中的所有黑色(000000)都将保持黑色。”你能偶然举个例子吗? @PGMacDesign - 更好的解释:制作灰度图像,在你希望它最亮的地方用白色,在你希望它变黑的地方用黑色。然后,如果您应用例如红色调,它将是红色阴影,直至黑色。所以白色 => 鲜红色,灰色 => 中等红色,黑色 => 黑色。 @steve-gregory:在您的问题中,您说的是 "... 因为它的饱和度也会有所不同..."。在我看来,这个答案不会保留饱和度:要正确处理任何色调,输入图像必须是灰色阴影,这意味着您可以保留的只是 value (不是饱和度)。保持饱和度要困难得多。这需要从一个颜色平面开始;例如红色值和饱和度的变化,并将该平面移动到所需的色调 - 我认为这是一个多通道操作,以正确计算 3 个(R、G、B)通道。【参考方案2】:

这在 Lollipop 上真的很容易做到。制作一个可绘制的xml并引用您的png并像这样设置色调:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<bitmap
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:src="@drawable/ic_back"
    android:tint="@color/red_tint"/>

【讨论】:

我有一个包含一些项目的图层列表。其中一个是可绘制的。如何在项目中设置色调? 你需要间接引入drawable。在示例中,src 可以说是可绘制的。然后在您的图层列表中,您将引用此位图可绘制对象,而不是直接引用原始可绘制对象。 . 以编程方式?【参考方案3】:

你的回答很好。虽然,如果您使用 Textview 和嵌入可绘制对象,此解决方案也很实用:

int colorARGB = R.color.your_color;
Drawable[] textviewDrawables = drawerItem.getCompoundDrawables();
// Left Drawable
textviewDrawables[0].setColorFilter(colorARGB, PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP);

【讨论】:

SRC_ATOP 在已经具有强烈彩色 Drawable 的进度条上运行良好! 请注意,您应该将解析后的颜色而不是资源 id 传递给 setColorFilter【参考方案4】:

这是我在查看文档后所做的

public PorterDuffColorFilter getDrawableFilter()
        return new PorterDuffColorFilter(ContextCompat.getColor(this, R.color.color_black), PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP);
    

并称之为

yourdrawable.setColorFilter(getDrawableFilter());

【讨论】:

【参考方案5】:

如果您想在 ImageView 中对图像应用颜色过滤器,您甚至可以用更简单的方式实现它。只需在 xml 中的 ImageView 中使用属性android:tint

例子:

<ImageView
    android:layout_
    android:layout_
    android:src="@drawable/your_drawable"
    android:tint="@color/your_color" />

在 Android 4.1.2 和 6.0.1 上测试

【讨论】:

一个很好的解决方案。但是,它需要 API 21,而我的目标是 API 16,所以寻找另一种方式。 @jk7 为什么需要 API 21? 我需要通过 setTintList() 或 setImageTintList() 等方法为 ImageView 或 Button 以编程方式设置背景颜色或色调。正是那些需要 API 21 的方法,所以我求助于使用 DrawableCompat.setTintList()。【参考方案6】:

恕我直言,这比公认的答案更好。它来自这个 *** 线程:Understanding the Use of ColorMatrix and ColorMatrixColorFilter to Modify a Drawable's Hue

示例用法:

ImageView imageView = ...;
Drawable drawable = imageView.getDrawable();
ColorFilter colorFilter = ColorFilterGenerator.from(drawable).to(Color.RED);
imageView.setColorFilter(colorFilter);

将该类复制到您的项目中:

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.ColorFilter;
import android.graphics.ColorMatrix;
import android.graphics.ColorMatrixColorFilter;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.PictureDrawable;
import android.widget.ImageView;

/**
 * Creates a @link ColorMatrixColorFilter to adjust the hue, saturation, brightness, or
 * contrast of an @link Bitmap, @link Drawable, or @link ImageView.
 * <p/>
 * Example usage:
 * <br/>
 * @code imageView.setColorFilter(ColorFilterGenerator.from(Color.BLUE).to(Color.RED));
 *
 * @author Jared Rummler <jared.rummler@gmail.com>
 */
public class ColorFilterGenerator 

  // Based off answer from ***
  // See: https://***.com/a/15119089/1048340

  private ColorFilterGenerator() 
    throw new AssertionError();
  

  public static From from(Drawable drawable) 
    return new From(drawableToBitmap(drawable));
  

  public static From from(Bitmap bitmap) 
    return new From(bitmap);
  

  public static From from(int color) 
    return new From(color);
  

  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  private static final double DELTA_INDEX[] = 
      0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18,
      0.20, 0.21, 0.22, 0.24, 0.25, 0.27, 0.28, 0.30, 0.32, 0.34, 0.36, 0.38, 0.40, 0.42, 0.44,
      0.46, 0.48, 0.5, 0.53, 0.56, 0.59, 0.62, 0.65, 0.68, 0.71, 0.74, 0.77, 0.80, 0.83, 0.86, 0.89,
      0.92, 0.95, 0.98, 1.0, 1.06, 1.12, 1.18, 1.24, 1.30, 1.36, 1.42, 1.48, 1.54, 1.60, 1.66, 1.72,
      1.78, 1.84, 1.90, 1.96, 2.0, 2.12, 2.25, 2.37, 2.50, 2.62, 2.75, 2.87, 3.0, 3.2, 3.4, 3.6,
      3.8, 4.0, 4.3, 4.7, 4.9, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 6.8, 7.0, 7.3, 7.5, 7.8, 8.0, 8.4, 8.7, 9.0, 9.4,
      9.6, 9.8, 10.0
  ;

  public static void adjustHue(ColorMatrix cm, float value) 
    value = cleanValue(value, 180f) / 180f * (float) Math.PI;
    if (value == 0) 
      return;
    

    float cosVal = (float) Math.cos(value);
    float sinVal = (float) Math.sin(value);
    float lumR = 0.213f;
    float lumG = 0.715f;
    float lumB = 0.072f;
    float[] mat = new float[]
        lumR + cosVal * (1 - lumR) + sinVal * (-lumR),
        lumG + cosVal * (-lumG) + sinVal * (-lumG),
        lumB + cosVal * (-lumB) + sinVal * (1 - lumB), 0, 0,
        lumR + cosVal * (-lumR) + sinVal * (0.143f),
        lumG + cosVal * (1 - lumG) + sinVal * (0.140f),
        lumB + cosVal * (-lumB) + sinVal * (-0.283f), 0, 0,
        lumR + cosVal * (-lumR) + sinVal * (-(1 - lumR)),
        lumG + cosVal * (-lumG) + sinVal * (lumG),
        lumB + cosVal * (1 - lumB) + sinVal * (lumB), 0, 0, 0f, 0f, 0f, 1f, 0f, 0f, 0f, 0f,
        0f, 1f
    ;
    cm.postConcat(new ColorMatrix(mat));
  

  public static void adjustBrightness(ColorMatrix cm, float value) 
    value = cleanValue(value, 100);
    if (value == 0) 
      return;
    

    float[] mat = new float[]
        1, 0, 0, 0, value, 0, 1, 0, 0, value, 0, 0, 1, 0, value, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        1
    ;
    cm.postConcat(new ColorMatrix(mat));
  

  public static void adjustContrast(ColorMatrix cm, int value) 
    value = (int) cleanValue(value, 100);
    if (value == 0) 
      return;
    
    float x;
    if (value < 0) 
      x = 127 + value / 100 * 127;
     else 
      x = value % 1;
      if (x == 0) 
        x = (float) DELTA_INDEX[value];
       else 
        x = (float) DELTA_INDEX[(value << 0)] * (1 - x)
            + (float) DELTA_INDEX[(value << 0) + 1] * x;
      
      x = x * 127 + 127;
    

    float[] mat = new float[]
        x / 127, 0, 0, 0, 0.5f * (127 - x), 0, x / 127, 0, 0, 0.5f * (127 - x), 0, 0,
        x / 127, 0, 0.5f * (127 - x), 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1
    ;
    cm.postConcat(new ColorMatrix(mat));

  

  public static void adjustSaturation(ColorMatrix cm, float value) 
    value = cleanValue(value, 100);
    if (value == 0) 
      return;
    

    float x = 1 + ((value > 0) ? 3 * value / 100 : value / 100);
    float lumR = 0.3086f;
    float lumG = 0.6094f;
    float lumB = 0.0820f;

    float[] mat = new float[]
        lumR * (1 - x) + x, lumG * (1 - x), lumB * (1 - x), 0, 0, lumR * (1 - x),
        lumG * (1 - x) + x, lumB * (1 - x), 0, 0, lumR * (1 - x), lumG * (1 - x),
        lumB * (1 - x) + x, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1
    ;
    cm.postConcat(new ColorMatrix(mat));
  

  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  private static float cleanValue(float p_val, float p_limit) 
    return Math.min(p_limit, Math.max(-p_limit, p_val));
  

  private static float[] getHsv(int color) 
    float[] hsv = new float[3];
    Color.RGBToHSV(Color.red(color), Color.green(color), Color.blue(color), hsv);
    return hsv;
  

  /**
   * Converts a @link Drawable to a @link Bitmap
   *
   * @param drawable
   *     The @link Drawable to convert
   * @return The converted @link Bitmap.
   */
  private static Bitmap drawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable) 
    if (drawable instanceof BitmapDrawable) 
      return ((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap();
     else if (drawable instanceof PictureDrawable) 
      PictureDrawable pictureDrawable = (PictureDrawable) drawable;
      Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(pictureDrawable.getIntrinsicWidth(),
          pictureDrawable.getIntrinsicHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
      Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
      canvas.drawPicture(pictureDrawable.getPicture());
      return bitmap;
    
    int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();
    width = width > 0 ? width : 1;
    int height = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();
    height = height > 0 ? height : 1;
    Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
    drawable.setBounds(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight());
    drawable.draw(canvas);
    return bitmap;
  

  /**
   * Calculate the average red, green, blue color values of a bitmap
   *
   * @param bitmap
   *     a @link Bitmap
   * @return
   */
  private static int[] getAverageColorRGB(Bitmap bitmap) 
    int width = bitmap.getWidth();
    int height = bitmap.getHeight();
    int size = width * height;
    int[] pixels = new int[size];
    int r, g, b;
    r = g = b = 0;
    bitmap.getPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) 
      int pixelColor = pixels[i];
      if (pixelColor == Color.TRANSPARENT) 
        size--;
        continue;
      
      r += Color.red(pixelColor);
      g += Color.green(pixelColor);
      b += Color.blue(pixelColor);
    
    r /= size;
    g /= size;
    b /= size;
    return new int[]
        r, g, b
    ;
  

  /**
   * Calculate the average color value of a bitmap
   *
   * @param bitmap
   *     a @link Bitmap
   * @return
   */
  private static int getAverageColor(Bitmap bitmap) 
    int[] rgb = getAverageColorRGB(bitmap);
    return Color.argb(255, rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
  

  // Builder
  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  public static final class Builder 

    int hue;

    int contrast;

    int brightness;

    int saturation;

    public Builder setHue(int hue) 
      this.hue = hue;
      return this;
    

    public Builder setContrast(int contrast) 
      this.contrast = contrast;
      return this;
    

    public Builder setBrightness(int brightness) 
      this.brightness = brightness;
      return this;
    

    public Builder setSaturation(int saturation) 
      this.saturation = saturation;
      return this;
    

    public ColorFilter build() 
      ColorMatrix cm = new ColorMatrix();
      adjustHue(cm, hue);
      adjustContrast(cm, contrast);
      adjustBrightness(cm, brightness);
      adjustSaturation(cm, saturation);
      return new ColorMatrixColorFilter(cm);
    
  

  public static final class From 

    final int oldColor;

    private From(Bitmap bitmap) 
      oldColor = getAverageColor(bitmap);
    

    private From(int oldColor) 
      this.oldColor = oldColor;
    

    public ColorFilter to(int newColor) 
      float[] hsv1 = getHsv(oldColor);
      float[] hsv2 = getHsv(newColor);
      int hue = (int) (hsv2[0] - hsv1[0]);
      int saturation = (int) (hsv2[1] - hsv1[1]);
      int brightness = (int) (hsv2[2] - hsv1[2]);
      return new ColorFilterGenerator.Builder()
          .setHue(hue)
          .setSaturation(saturation)
          .setBrightness(brightness)
          .build();
    
  


【讨论】:

无法在您的帖子中解析方法 getHsv()。只是提醒一下。 @varun 哈哈。我不知道我在想什么。一定是那些深夜之一。 @JaredRummler 哦,太好了!我非常困惑并盯着它想它是否是一些新的微妙 Java 9 功能(如 C# 参数修饰符!),但随后向下滚动并找到 From 类...:P 很棒的实用程序,谢谢! :)

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