GStreamer 安装缺少插件
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【中文标题】GStreamer 安装缺少插件【英文标题】：GStreamer installation is missing a plug-in 【发布时间】：2017-02-27 14:20:48 【问题描述】：我希望有人可以帮助解决这个问题，过去2天一直在寻找解决方案。
简而言之，我正在尝试制作一个简单的 qt5.7 应用程序，该应用程序将流式传输 m3u8（使用 Qt Creator（社区）。但是当我尝试运行它时，我得到了一个
Warning: "No decoder available for type 'application/x-hls'."
Error: "Your GStreamer installation is missing a plug-in."
"gst-inspect | grep hls" 返回：typefindfunctions：application/x-hls：m3u8
此时我不知道我什至会错过哪个插件，因为我已经浏览了完整的 GStreamer 插件列表并一个接一个地放置。 就我的搜索而言，有些人通过安装不良/丑陋的插件来解决问题。有人说 QT5 仍然使用 gstreamer0.10，但是新的 linux 版本使用的是 1.0（在这一点上丢失了）。我试图设置一个标志来强制 GST_VERSION=1.0，没有工作，或者我做错了什么（我使用了 qmake GST_VERSION=1.0 命令）。另外，我可以在 vlc 中播放视频。 我完全被卡住了，不知道该怎么办了。
应用代码：
import QtQuick 2.7
import QtQuick.Window 2.2
import QtMultimedia 5.7
Window
visible: true
width: 640
height: 480
title: qsTr("Hello World")
Item
width: 640
height: 480
MediaPlayer
id: player
source: "http://playertest.longtailvideo.com/adaptive/wowzaid3/chunklist_w249832652.m3u8"
VideoOutput
anchors.fill: parent
source: player
Component.onCompleted:
player.play();
操作系统：
DISTRIB_ID=LinuxMint
DISTRIB_RELEASE=18
DISTRIB_CODENAME=sarah
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Linux Mint 18 Sarah"
NAME="Linux Mint"
VERSION="18 (Sarah)"
ID=linuxmint
ID_LIKE=ubuntu
PRETTY_NAME="Linux Mint 18"
VERSION_ID="18"
HOME_URL="http://www.linuxmint.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://forums.linuxmint.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/linuxmint/"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial
gstreamer 插件列表：
ii gir1.2-gstreamer-0.10 0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1 amd64 Description: GObject introspection data for the GStreamer library
ii gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 amd64 GObject introspection data for the GStreamer library
ii gstreamer-qapt 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.1 amd64 GStreamer plugin to install codecs using QApt
ii gstreamer-tools 0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1 amd64 Tools for use with GStreamer
ii gstreamer0.10-alsa:amd64 0.10.36-2 amd64 GStreamer plugin for ALSA
ii gstreamer0.10-doc 0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1 all GStreamer core documentation and manuals
ii gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg:amd64 0.10.13-5ubuntu1~wily amd64 FFmpeg plugin for GStreamer
ii gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg-dbg:amd64 0.10.13-5ubuntu1~wily amd64 FFmpeg plugin for GStreamer (debug symbols)
ii gstreamer0.10-gconf:amd64 0.10.31-3+nmu4ubuntu2~gcc5.1 amd64 GStreamer plugin for getting the sink/source information from GConf
ii gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs:amd64 0.10.36-2 amd64 GStreamer plugin for GnomeVFS
ii gstreamer0.10-nice:amd64 0.1.13-0ubuntu2 amd64 ICE library (GStreamer 0.10 plugin)
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-base:amd64 0.10.36-2 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "base" set
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-base:i386 0.10.36-2 i386 GStreamer plugins from the "base" set
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps 0.10.36-2 amd64 GStreamer helper programs from the "base" set
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-dbg:amd64 0.10.36-2 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "base" set
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-doc 0.10.36-2 all GStreamer documentation for plugins from the "base" set
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-good:amd64 0.10.31-3+nmu4ubuntu2~gcc5.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "good" set
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-good:i386 0.10.31-3+nmu4ubuntu2~gcc5.1 i386 GStreamer plugins from the "good" set
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-good-dbg:amd64 0.10.31-3+nmu4ubuntu2~gcc5.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "good" set
ii gstreamer0.10-plugins-good-doc 0.10.31-3+nmu4ubuntu2~gcc5.1 all GStreamer documentation for plugins from the "good" set
ii gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio:amd64 0.10.31-3+nmu4ubuntu2~gcc5.1 amd64 GStreamer plugin for PulseAudio
ii gstreamer0.10-qapt 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.1 all transitional dummy package
ii gstreamer0.10-tools 0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1 amd64 Tools for use with GStreamer
ii gstreamer0.10-x:amd64 0.10.36-2 amd64 GStreamer plugins for X11 and Pango
ii gstreamer0.10-x:i386 0.10.36-2 i386 GStreamer plugins for X11 and Pango
ii gstreamer1.0-alsa:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugin for ALSA
ii gstreamer1.0-clutter 2.0.18-1 amd64 Clutter PLugin for GStreamer 1.0
ii gstreamer1.0-clutter-3.0 3.0.18-1 amd64 Clutter PLugin for GStreamer 1.0
ii gstreamer1.0-crystalhd 1:0.0~git20110715.fdd2f19-11build1 amd64 Crystal HD Video Decoder (GStreamer plugin)
ii gstreamer1.0-doc 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 all GStreamer core documentation and manuals
ii gstreamer1.0-dvswitch 0.1.1-1 amd64 GStreamer plugin source from DVswitch
ii gstreamer1.0-espeak 0.4.0-1 amd64 GStreamer plugin for eSpeak speech synthesis
ii gstreamer1.0-fluendo-mp3:amd64 0.10.32.debian-1 amd64 Fluendo mp3 decoder GStreamer 1.0 plugin
ii gstreamer1.0-hybris:i386 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 i386 GStreamer plugins from hybris
ii gstreamer1.0-libav:amd64 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 amd64 libav plugin for GStreamer
ii gstreamer1.0-libav-dbg:amd64 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 amd64 libav plugin for GStreamer (debug symbols)
ii gstreamer1.0-nice:amd64 0.1.13-0ubuntu2 amd64 ICE library (GStreamer plugin)
ii gstreamer1.0-packagekit 0.8.17-4ubuntu6~gcc5.4ubuntu1.1 amd64 GStreamer plugin to install codecs using PackageKit
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "bad" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-dbg:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "bad" set (debug symbols)
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-doc 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 all GStreamer documentation for plugins from the "bad" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-faad:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer faad plugin from the "bad" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-videoparsers:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer videoparsers plugin from the "bad" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-base:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "base" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-base-apps 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer helper programs from the "base" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-base-dbg:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "base" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-base-doc 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 all GStreamer documentation for plugins from the "base" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-good:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "good" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-good-dbg:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "good" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-good-doc 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 all GStreamer documentation for plugins from the "good" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "ugly" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly-amr:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "ugly" set
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly-dbg:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins from the "ugly" set (debug symbols)
ii gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly-doc 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 all GStreamer documentation for plugins from the "ugly" set
ii gstreamer1.0-pocketsphinx:amd64 0.8.0+real5prealpha-1ubuntu2 amd64 Speech recognition tool - gstreamer plugin
ii gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugin for PulseAudio
ii gstreamer1.0-tools 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 amd64 Tools for use with GStreamer
ii gstreamer1.0-vaapi:amd64 1.8.2-1~ubuntu2 amd64 VA-API plugins for GStreamer
ii gstreamer1.0-vaapi-doc 1.8.2-1~ubuntu2 all GStreamer VA-API documentation and manuals
ii gstreamer1.0-x:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer plugins for X11 and Pango
ii libcanberra-gstreamer:amd64 0.30-2.1ubuntu1 amd64 GStreamer backend for libcanberra
ii libgstreamer-ocaml 0.2.0-2build2 amd64 OCaml interface to the gstreamer library -- runtime files
ii libgstreamer-ocaml-dev 0.2.0-2build2 amd64 OCaml interface to the gstreamer library -- development files
ii libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer development files for libraries from the "bad" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0:i386 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 i386 GStreamer development files for libraries from the "bad" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-dev 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer development files for libraries from the "bad" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0:amd64 0.10.36-2 amd64 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0:i386 0.10.36-2 i386 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev 0.10.36-2 amd64 GStreamer development files for libraries from the "base" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:i386 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 i386 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer development files for libraries from the "base" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0:amd64 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer development files for libraries from the "good" set
ii libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-dev 1.8.2-1ubuntu0.1 amd64 GStreamer development files for libraries from the "good" set
ii libgstreamer0.10-0:amd64 0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1 amd64 Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii libgstreamer0.10-0:i386 0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1 i386 Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii libgstreamer0.10-0-dbg:amd64 0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1 amd64 Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii libgstreamer0.10-dev 0.10.36-1.5ubuntu1 amd64 GStreamer core development files
ii libgstreamer1.0-0:amd64 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 amd64 Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii libgstreamer1.0-0:i386 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 i386 Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii libgstreamer1.0-0-dbg:amd64 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 amd64 Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii libgstreamer1.0-dev 1.8.2-1~ubuntu1 amd64 GStreamer core development files
ii libgstreamermm-1.0-0v5:amd64 1.4.3+dfsg-5 amd64 C++ wrapper library for GStreamer (shared libraries)
ii libgstreamermm-1.0-dev:amd64 1.4.3+dfsg-5 amd64 C++ wrapper library for GStreamer (development files)
ii libqt5gstreamer-1.0-0:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 C++ bindings library for GStreamer with a Qt-style API - Qt 5 build
ii libqt5gstreamer-dev 1.2.0-3 amd64 Development headers for QtGStreamer - Qt 5 build
ii libqt5gstreamerquick-1.0-0:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 QtGStreamerQuick library - Qt 5 build
ii libqt5gstreamerui-1.0-0:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 QtGStreamerUi library - Qt 5 build
ii libqt5gstreamerutils-1.0-0:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 QtGStreamerUtils library - Qt 5 build
ii libqtgstreamer-1.0-0:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 C++ bindings library for GStreamer with a Qt-style API
ii libqtgstreamer-dev 1.2.0-3 amd64 Development headers for QtGStreamer
ii libqtgstreamerui-1.0-0:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 QtGStreamerUi library
ii libqtgstreamerutils-1.0-0:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 QtGStreamerUtils library
ii libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer 1:5.1.4-0ubuntu1 amd64 GStreamer backend for LibreOffice
ii liquidsoap-plugin-gstreamer 1.1.1-7.1 amd64 audio streaming language -- GStreamer plugin
ii phonon-backend-gstreamer:amd64 4:4.8.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 Phonon GStreamer 1.0 backend
ii phonon-backend-gstreamer-common:amd64 4:4.8.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 Phonon GStreamer 1.0.x backend icons
ii phonon4qt5-backend-gstreamer:amd64 4:4.8.2-0ubuntu2 amd64 Phonon Qt5 GStreamer 1.0 backend
ii qml-module-qtgstreamer:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 QML plugins from QtGStreamer - Qt 5 build
ii qt5gstreamer-dbg:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 Debug symbols for QtGStreamer - Qt 5 build
ii qtgstreamer-dbg:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 Debug symbols for QtGStreamer
ii qtgstreamer-declarative:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 QML plugins from QtGStreamer
ii qtgstreamer-plugins:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 GStreamer plugins from QtGStreamer
ii qtgstreamer-plugins-qt5:amd64 1.2.0-3 amd64 GStreamer plugins from QtGStreamer - Qt 5 build
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：我知道我回答迟了“一点点”，但迟到总比不回答好
这里发生的情况是您的操作系统上缺少一些编解码器，因此我们需要安装它们才能播放视频/音频。
请注意，这仅适用于 Ubuntu 或基于 Ubuntu 的发行版，例如 Linux Mint 等。
要安装缺少的编解码器，您应该在终端上运行以下命令（或添加 ubuntu-restricted-extras 作为 .deb 文件的依赖项）：
sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras
【讨论】：
当所有其他事情都失败时，这对我有用。谢谢！我无法让一些互联网广播电台工作，尤其是 m3u8 文件流。我知道我在某处遗漏了编解码器，但找不到哪个或如何安装它。唯一合适的是将它隐藏在某个通用名称的包中。 希望我能多次为你投票。 它在我的应用程序中崩溃了字体，并没有解决我的问题 这是正确答案！ 这对我在 Mint 20 上修复 Clementine 播放器很有用。尝试播放 di.fm 收音机Your GStreamer installation is missing a plug-in. 时出错。【参考方案2】：
缺少的元素名为hlsdemux，位于gst-plugins-bad。您可以使用gst-inspect-0.10 或gst-inspect-1.0 查看已安装的插件列表。将它与 grep 一起使用可以让您快速确定是否安装了它。
gst-inspect-1.0 | grep hlsdemux（或 0.10，取决于您要使用的版本）
如果 QtMultimedia 确实使用 0.10，那么您应该缺少 gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad。请注意，0.10 已过时且无人维护多年。 1.0 正在积极开发中。您应该检查 QtMultimedia 的较新版本是否已升级到 1.0 版本并尝试使用它。
【讨论】：
我得到：gst-inspect-1.0 | grep hlsdemux 返回： hls: hlsdemux: HLS Demuxer 你需要弄清楚qtmultimedia使用的是哪个版本。 1.0 和 0.10 是分开的，不兼容的 对于这两个版本我都没有回报。 @thiagoss qtmultimedia 仍在使用 0.10 版本，问题是我不知道如何获取 gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad @luka: 0.10 已经好几年了，那时候我们还没有那些插件。仅供参考：1.0 有 qt 绑定：cgit.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/qt-gstreamer/tree/README【参考方案3】：hls 插件在 gst-plugins-bad 中。为确保请检查 “gst-inspect-1.0 | grep hls” - 在您的发行版中 gst-inspect 可能是 gst-inspect-0.10 的符号链接。
【讨论】：
它返回： typefindfunctions: application/x-hls: m3u8 libav: avmux_hls: libav Apple HTTP Live Streaming muxer以上是关于GStreamer 安装缺少插件的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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