在 Pyspark ML 中的稀疏向量数据类型列上创建 Python 转换器

Posted 2023-04-15

【中文标题】在 Pyspark ML 中的稀疏向量数据类型列上创建 Python 转换器

【英文标题】：Create a Python transformer on sparsevector data type column in Pyspark ML

【发布时间】：2016-03-09 18:13:15

【问题描述】：

我有一个数据框，其中有一列 'features'（数据框中的每一行代表一个文档）。我使用 HashingTF 来计算列 'tf' 并且我还创建了一个自定义转换器 'TermCount'（就像测试一样）来计算 'total_terms' em>如下：

from pyspark import SparkContext
from pyspark.sql import SQLContext,Row
from pyspark.ml.pipeline import Transformer
from pyspark.ml.param.shared import HasInputCol, HasOutputCol, Param
from pyspark.ml.feature import HashingTF
from pyspark.ml.util import keyword_only
from pyspark.mllib.linalg import SparseVector
from pyspark.sql.functions import udf

class TermCount(Transformer, HasInputCol, HasOutputCol):

    @keyword_only
    def __init__(self, inputCol=None, outputCol=None):
        super(TermCount, self).__init__()
        kwargs = self.__init__._input_kwargs
        self.setParams(**kwargs)

    @keyword_only
    def setParams(self, inputCol=None, outputCol=None):
        kwargs = self.setParams._input_kwargs
        return self._set(**kwargs)

    def _transform(self, dataset):

        def f(s):
            return len(s.values)

        out_col = self.getOutputCol()
        in_col = dataset[self.getInputCol()]
        return dataset.withColumn(out_col, udf(f)(in_col))

sc = SparkContext()
sqlContext = SQLContext(sc)
documents = sqlContext.createDataFrame([
    (0, "w1 w2 w3 w4 w1 w1 w1"),
    (1, "w2 w3 w4 w2"),
    (2, "w3 w4 w3"),
    (3, "w4")], ["doc_id", "doc_text"])

df = documents.map(lambda x : (x.doc_id,x.doc_text.split(" "))).toDF().withColumnRenamed("_1","doc_id").withColumnRenamed("_2","features")

htf = HashingTF(inputCol="features", outputCol="tf")
tf = htf.transform(df)

term_count_model=TermCount(inputCol="tf", outputCol="total_terms")
tc_df=term_count_model.transform(tf)
tc_df.show(truncate=False)
#+------+----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+-----------+
#|doc_id|features                    |tf                                              |total_terms|
#+------+----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+-----------+
#|0     |[w1, w2, w3, w4, w1, w1, w1]|(262144,[3738,3739,3740,3741],[4.0,1.0,1.0,1.0])|4          |
#|1     |[w2, w3, w4, w2]            |(262144,[3739,3740,3741],[2.0,1.0,1.0])         |3          |
#|2     |[w3, w4, w3]                |(262144,[3740,3741],[2.0,1.0])                  |2          |
#|3     |[w4]                        |(262144,[3741],[1.0])                           |1          |
#+------+----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+-----------+

现在，我需要添加一个类似的转换器，它接收 'tf' 作为 inputCol，并将每个术语 (no_of_rows_contains_this_term / total_no_of_rows) 的文档频率计算到 Sparsevector 类型的 outputCol 中，最后得到如下结果：

+------+----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------+
|doc_id|features                    |tf                                              |total_terms| doc_freq                                           |
+------+----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------+
|0     |[w1, w2, w3, w4, w1, w1, w1]|(262144,[3738,3739,3740,3741],[4.0,1.0,1.0,1.0])|4          |(262144,[3738,3739,3740,3741],[0.25,0.50,0.75,1.0]) |
|1     |[w2, w3, w4, w2]            |(262144,[3739,3740,3741],[2.0,1.0,1.0])         |3          |(262144,[3739,3740,3741],[0.50,0.75,1.0])           |
|2     |[w3, w4, w3]                |(262144,[3740,3741],[2.0,1.0])                  |2          |(262144,[3740,3741],[0.75,1.0])                     |
|3     |[w4]                        |(262144,[3741],[1.0])                           |1          |(262144,[3741],[1.0])                               |
+------+----------------------------+------------------------------------------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------------+

【问题讨论】：

我使用了@zero323 的Python transformaer的想法

【参考方案1】：

排除所有你可以尝试使用Statistics.colStats的包装代码：

from pyspark.mllib.stat import Statistics
from pyspark.mllib.linalg import Vectors

tf_col = "x"
dataset = sc.parallelize([
    "(262144,[3738,3739,3740,3741],[0.25,0.50,0.75,1.0])",
    "(262144,[3738,3739,3740,3741],[0.25,0.50,0.75,1.0])"
]).map(lambda s: (Vectors.parse(s), )).toDF(["x"])

vs = (dataset.select(tf_col)
    .flatMap(lambda x: x)
    .map(lambda v: Vectors.sparse(v.size, v.indices, [1.0 for _ in v.values])))

stats = Statistics.colStats(vs)

document_frequency = stats.mean()
document_frequency.max()
## 1.0
document_frequency.min()
# 0.0
document_frequency.nonzero()
## (array([3738, 3739, 3740, 3741]),)

当您获得这些信息后，您可以轻松调整所需的索引：

from pyspark.mllib.linalg import VectorUDT

df = Vectors.sparse(
    document_frequency.shape[0], document_frequency.nonzero()[0], 
    document_frequency[document_frequency.nonzero()]
)

def idf(df, d):
    values = ...  # Compute new values
    return Vectors.sparse(v.size, v.indices, values)

dataset.withColumn("idf_col", udf(idf, VectorUDT())(col("tf_col")))

一个巨大的警告是stats.mean 返回一个DenseVector，所以如果你的 TF 有 262144 个特征，输出是一个相同长度的数组。

【讨论】：

这里只需要一个 udf。

哦，谢谢@zero323，你真好。 dataset 在调用 idf( ) 函数后没有改变。仍然包含一列而不是两列。