Android 地理围栏仅适用于打开的应用程序
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【中文标题】Android 地理围栏仅适用于打开的应用程序【英文标题】:Android Geofence only works with opened app 【发布时间】:2013-10-26 10:21:43 【问题描述】:我正在认真研究这个主题很多天...我在这里也看到了很多主题... 但不幸的是我找不到解决方案....
我正在编写一个使用新的 Google API for Geofence 的应用程序... 好吧,我可以处理地理围栏的“输入”和“输出”,但前提是我的应用程序是打开的!即使我打开了wifi、gps和3G,但是应用程序,它不会触发任何事件......只要应用程序打开......
我正在使用与文档 http://developer.android.com/training/location/geofencing.html 完全相同的 GeofenceRequester 类。
即使是相同的课程,我也会在这里发布代码:
package br.com.marrs.imhere.geofence;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentSender.SendIntentException;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.util.Log;
import br.com.marrs.imhere.services.ReceiveTransitionsIntentService;
import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesClient;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesClient.ConnectionCallbacks;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GooglePlayServicesClient.OnConnectionFailedListener;
import com.google.android.gms.location.Geofence;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationClient;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationClient.OnAddGeofencesResultListener;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationStatusCodes;
/**
* Class for connecting to Location Services and requesting geofences.
* <b>
* Note: Clients must ensure that Google Play services is available before requesting geofences.
* </b> Use GooglePlayServicesUtil.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable() to check.
*
*
* To use a GeofenceRequester, instantiate it and call AddGeofence(). Everything else is done
* automatically.
*
*/
public class GeofenceRequester
implements
OnAddGeofencesResultListener,
ConnectionCallbacks,
OnConnectionFailedListener
// Storage for a reference to the calling client
private final Activity mActivity;
// Stores the PendingIntent used to send geofence transitions back to the app
private PendingIntent mGeofencePendingIntent;
// Stores the current list of geofences
private ArrayList<Geofence> mCurrentGeofences;
// Stores the current instantiation of the location client
private LocationClient mLocationClient;
/*
* Flag that indicates whether an add or remove request is underway. Check this
* flag before attempting to start a new request.
*/
private boolean mInProgress;
public GeofenceRequester(Activity activityContext)
// Save the context
mActivity = activityContext;
// Initialize the globals to null
mGeofencePendingIntent = null;
mLocationClient = null;
mInProgress = false;
/**
* Set the "in progress" flag from a caller. This allows callers to re-set a
* request that failed but was later fixed.
*
* @param flag Turn the in progress flag on or off.
*/
public void setInProgressFlag(boolean flag)
// Set the "In Progress" flag.
mInProgress = flag;
/**
* Get the current in progress status.
*
* @return The current value of the in progress flag.
*/
public boolean getInProgressFlag()
return mInProgress;
/**
* Returns the current PendingIntent to the caller.
*
* @return The PendingIntent used to create the current set of geofences
*/
public PendingIntent getRequestPendingIntent()
return createRequestPendingIntent();
/**
* Start adding geofences. Save the geofences, then start adding them by requesting a
* connection
*
* @param geofences A List of one or more geofences to add
*/
public void addGeofences(List<Geofence> geofences) throws UnsupportedOperationException
/*
* Save the geofences so that they can be sent to Location Services once the
* connection is available.
*/
mCurrentGeofences = (ArrayList<Geofence>) geofences;
// If a request is not already in progress
if (!mInProgress)
// Toggle the flag and continue
mInProgress = true;
// Request a connection to Location Services
requestConnection();
// If a request is in progress
else
// Throw an exception and stop the request
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
/**
* Request a connection to Location Services. This call returns immediately,
* but the request is not complete until onConnected() or onConnectionFailure() is called.
*/
private void requestConnection()
getLocationClient().connect();
/**
* Get the current location client, or create a new one if necessary.
*
* @return A LocationClient object
*/
private GooglePlayServicesClient getLocationClient()
if (mLocationClient == null)
mLocationClient = new LocationClient(mActivity, this, this);
return mLocationClient;
/**
* Once the connection is available, send a request to add the Geofences
*/
private void continueAddGeofences()
// Get a PendingIntent that Location Services issues when a geofence transition occurs
mGeofencePendingIntent = createRequestPendingIntent();
// Send a request to add the current geofences
mLocationClient.addGeofences(mCurrentGeofences, mGeofencePendingIntent, this);
/*
* Handle the result of adding the geofences
*/
@Override
public void onAddGeofencesResult(int statusCode, String[] geofenceRequestIds)
// Create a broadcast Intent that notifies other components of success or failure
Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent();
// Temp storage for messages
String msg;
// If adding the geocodes was successful
if (LocationStatusCodes.SUCCESS == statusCode)
// Create a message containing all the geofence IDs added.
msg = geofenceRequestIds.toString();
// In debug mode, log the result
Log.d("DEBUG", msg);
// Create an Intent to broadcast to the app
broadcastIntent.setAction("br.com.marrs.imhere.ACTION_GEOFENCES_ADDED")
.addCategory("br.com.marrs.imhere.CATEGORY_LOCATION_SERVICES")
.putExtra("br.com.marrs.imhere.EXTRA_GEOFENCE_STATUS", msg);
// If adding the geofences failed
else
/*
* Create a message containing the error code and the list
* of geofence IDs you tried to add
*/
msg = "Erro adicionando geofence";
// Log an error
Log.e("DEBUG", msg);
// Create an Intent to broadcast to the app
broadcastIntent.setAction("br.com.marrs.imhere.ACTION_GEOFENCE_ERROR")
.addCategory("br.com.marrs.imhere.CATEGORY_LOCATION_SERVICES")
.putExtra("br.com.marrs.imhere.EXTRA_GEOFENCE_STATUS", msg);
// Broadcast whichever result occurred
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(mActivity).sendBroadcast(broadcastIntent);
// Disconnect the location client
requestDisconnection();
/**
* Get a location client and disconnect from Location Services
*/
private void requestDisconnection()
// A request is no longer in progress
mInProgress = false;
getLocationClient().disconnect();
/*
* Called by Location Services once the location client is connected.
*
* Continue by adding the requested geofences.
*/
@Override
public void onConnected(Bundle arg0)
// If debugging, log the connection
Log.d("DEBUG", "GeofenceRequester connected");
// Continue adding the geofences
continueAddGeofences();
/*
* Called by Location Services once the location client is disconnected.
*/
@Override
public void onDisconnected()
// Turn off the request flag
mInProgress = false;
// In debug mode, log the disconnection
Log.d("DEBUG", "GeofenceRequester disconnected");
// Destroy the current location client
mLocationClient = null;
/**
* Get a PendingIntent to send with the request to add Geofences. Location Services issues
* the Intent inside this PendingIntent whenever a geofence transition occurs for the current
* list of geofences.
*
* @return A PendingIntent for the IntentService that handles geofence transitions.
*/
private PendingIntent createRequestPendingIntent()
// If the PendingIntent already exists
if (null != mGeofencePendingIntent)
// Return the existing intent
return mGeofencePendingIntent;
// If no PendingIntent exists
else
// Create an Intent pointing to the IntentService
Intent intent = new Intent(mActivity, ReceiveTransitionsIntentService.class);
/*
* Return a PendingIntent to start the IntentService.
* Always create a PendingIntent sent to Location Services
* with FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT, so that sending the PendingIntent
* again updates the original. Otherwise, Location Services
* can't match the PendingIntent to requests made with it.
*/
return PendingIntent.getService(
mActivity,
0,
intent,
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
/*
* Implementation of OnConnectionFailedListener.onConnectionFailed
* If a connection or disconnection request fails, report the error
* connectionResult is passed in from Location Services
*/
@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult)
// Turn off the request flag
mInProgress = false;
/*
* Google Play services can resolve some errors it detects.
* If the error has a resolution, try sending an Intent to
* start a Google Play services activity that can resolve
* error.
*/
if (connectionResult.hasResolution())
try
// Start an Activity that tries to resolve the error
connectionResult.startResolutionForResult(mActivity, 9000);
/*
* Thrown if Google Play services canceled the original
* PendingIntent
*/
catch (SendIntentException e)
// Log the error
e.printStackTrace();
/*
* If no resolution is available, put the error code in
* an error Intent and broadcast it back to the main Activity.
* The Activity then displays an error dialog.
* is out of date.
*/
else
Intent errorBroadcastIntent = new Intent("br.com.marrs.imhere.ACTION_CONNECTION_ERROR");
errorBroadcastIntent.addCategory("br.com.marrs.imhere.CATEGORY_LOCATION_SERVICES")
.putExtra("br.com.marrs.imhere.EXTRA_CONNECTION_ERROR_CODE",
connectionResult.getErrorCode());
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(mActivity).sendBroadcast(errorBroadcastIntent);
还有服务:
package br.com.marrs.imhere.services;
import br.com.marrs.imhere.ImHereActivity;
import br.com.marrs.imhere.R;
import com.google.android.gms.location.Geofence;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationClient;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.support.v4.app.TaskStackBuilder;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import java.util.List;
/**
* This class receives geofence transition events from Location Services, in the
* form of an Intent containing the transition type and geofence id(s) that triggered
* the event.
*/
public class ReceiveTransitionsIntentService extends IntentService
/**
* Sets an identifier for this class' background thread
*/
public ReceiveTransitionsIntentService()
super("ReceiveTransitionsIntentService");
/**
* Handles incoming intents
* @param intent The Intent sent by Location Services. This Intent is provided
* to Location Services (inside a PendingIntent) when you call addGeofences()
*/
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent)
// Create a local broadcast Intent
Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent();
// Give it the category for all intents sent by the Intent Service
broadcastIntent.addCategory("br.com.marrs.imhere.CATEGORY_LOCATION_SERVICES");
// First check for errors
if (LocationClient.hasError(intent))
// Get the error code
int errorCode = LocationClient.getErrorCode(intent);
// Log the error
Log.e("DEBUG", "Erro no service LocationClient has error");
// Set the action and error message for the broadcast intent
broadcastIntent.setAction("br.com.marrs.imhere.ACTION_GEOFENCES_ERROR").putExtra("br.com.marrs.imhere.EXTRA_GEOFENCE_STATUS", "problemas");
// Broadcast the error *locally* to other components in this app
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(broadcastIntent);
// If there's no error, get the transition type and create a notification
else
// Get the type of transition (entry or exit)
int transition = LocationClient.getGeofenceTransition(intent);
// Test that a valid transition was reported
if (
(transition == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER)
||
(transition == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT)
)
// Post a notification
List<Geofence> geofences = LocationClient.getTriggeringGeofences(intent);
String[] geofenceIds = new String[geofences.size()];
for (int index = 0; index < geofences.size() ; index++)
geofenceIds[index] = geofences.get(index).getRequestId();
String ids = TextUtils.join(",",geofenceIds);
String transitionType = getTransitionString(transition);
sendNotification(transitionType, ids);
// Log the transition type and a message
Log.d("DEBUG","Ae...n sei pq isso....mas parece que tah ok");
// An invalid transition was reported
else
// Always log as an error
Log.e("DEBUG","Erro, erro, erro");
/**
* Posts a notification in the notification bar when a transition is detected.
* If the user clicks the notification, control goes to the main Activity.
* @param transitionType The type of transition that occurred.
*
*/
private void sendNotification(String transitionType, String ids)
// Create an explicit content Intent that starts the main Activity
Intent notificationIntent =
new Intent(getApplicationContext(),ImHereActivity.class);
// Construct a task stack
TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this);
// Adds the main Activity to the task stack as the parent
stackBuilder.addParentStack(ImHereActivity.class);
// Push the content Intent onto the stack
stackBuilder.addNextIntent(notificationIntent);
// Get a PendingIntent containing the entire back stack
PendingIntent notificationPendingIntent =
stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
// Get a notification builder that's compatible with platform versions >= 4
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
// Set the notification contents
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.abs__ic_clear)
.setContentTitle(ids)
.setContentText(transitionType)
.setContentIntent(notificationPendingIntent);
// Get an instance of the Notification manager
NotificationManager mNotificationManager =
(NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// Issue the notification
mNotificationManager.notify(0, builder.build());
/**
* Maps geofence transition types to their human-readable equivalents.
* @param transitionType A transition type constant defined in Geofence
* @return A String indicating the type of transition
*/
private String getTransitionString(int transitionType)
switch (transitionType)
case Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER:
return "Entrando";
case Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT:
return "Saindo";
default:
return "Desconhecido";
以及Activity中的Broadcast接收器:
public class GeofenceSampleReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
/*
* Define the required method for broadcast receivers
* This method is invoked when a broadcast Intent triggers the receiver
*/
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
// Check the action code and determine what to do
String action = intent.getAction();
// Intent contains information about errors in adding or removing geofences
if (TextUtils.equals(action, "br.com.marrs.imhere.ACTION_GEOFENCE_ERROR"))
handleGeofenceError(context, intent);
// Intent contains information about successful addition or removal of geofences
else if (
TextUtils.equals(action, "br.com.marrs.imhere.ACTION_GEOFENCES_ADDED")
||
TextUtils.equals(action, "br.com.marrs.imhere.ACTION_GEOFENCES_REMOVED"))
handleGeofenceStatus(context, intent);
// Intent contains information about a geofence transition
else if (TextUtils.equals(action, "br.com.marrs.imhere.ACTION_GEOFENCE_TRANSITION"))
handleGeofenceTransition(context, intent);
// The Intent contained an invalid action
else
Log.e("DEBUG", "Invalid action detail");
Toast.makeText(context, "Invalid action detail", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
/**
* If you want to display a UI message about adding or removing geofences, put it here.
*
* @param context A Context for this component
* @param intent The received broadcast Intent
*/
private void handleGeofenceStatus(Context context, Intent intent)
/**
* Report geofence transitions to the UI
*
* @param context A Context for this component
* @param intent The Intent containing the transition
*/
private void handleGeofenceTransition(Context context, Intent intent)
/*
* If you want to change the UI when a transition occurs, put the code
* here. The current design of the app uses a notification to inform the
* user that a transition has occurred.
*/
/**
* Report addition or removal errors to the UI, using a Toast
*
* @param intent A broadcast Intent sent by ReceiveTransitionsIntentService
*/
private void handleGeofenceError(Context context, Intent intent)
String msg = intent.getStringExtra("br.com.marrs.imhere.EXTRA_GEOFENCE_STATUS");
Log.e("DEBUG", msg);
Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
这是我在发送到 GeofenceRequester 之前用来创建 GEofence 的一段代码。
int raio = Integer.parseInt(spinner.getAdapter().getItem(spinner.getSelectedItemPosition()).toString());
int transitionType = (in.isChecked())?Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER:Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT;
Geofence geofence = new Geofence.Builder().setRequestId(nomeGeofence.getText().toString()).setTransitionTypes(transitionType).setCircularRegion(lat, lon, raio).setExpirationDuration(Geofence.NEVER_EXPIRE).build();
geofences.add(geofence);
try
mGeofenceRequester.addGeofences(geofences);
addCircleGeofence(raio);
catch (UnsupportedOperationException e)
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Já existe uma requisição de add em andamento",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
任何帮助都会很棒! 谢谢!
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:我有完全相同的problem。这是我在那里回答的内容:因此,在玩了一会儿之后,看起来 ReceiveTransitionsIntentService(如示例代码中所定义)将在应用程序不在时停止接收通知。我认为这是示例代码的一个大问题......似乎这会让像我这样的人绊倒。
所以我改用了广播接收器,到目前为止,我的测试似乎可以正常工作。
将此添加到清单中:
<receiver android:name="com.aol.android.geofence.GeofenceReceiver"
android:exported="false">
<intent-filter >
<action android:name="com.aol.android.geofence.ACTION_RECEIVE_GEOFENCE"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
然后在 GeofenceRequester 类中,您需要更改 createRequestPendingIntent 方法,以便它转到您的 BroadcastReceiver 而不是 ReceiveTransitionsIntentService。确保并注意更改为 .getBroadcast 而不是 getService。这让我暂时挂断了电话。
private PendingIntent createRequestPendingIntent()
// If the PendingIntent already exists
if (null != mGeofencePendingIntent)
// Return the existing intent
return mGeofencePendingIntent;
// If no PendingIntent exists
else
// Create an Intent pointing to the IntentService
Intent intent = new Intent("com.aol.android.geofence.ACTION_RECEIVE_GEOFENCE");
//MAKE SURE YOU CHANGE THIS TO getBroadcast if you are coming from the sample code.
return PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
context,
0,
intent,
PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
然后我添加了 GeofenceReceiver 类,看起来像这样:
public class GeofenceReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
Context context;
Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent();
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
this.context = context;
broadcastIntent.addCategory(GeofenceUtils.CATEGORY_LOCATION_SERVICES);
if (LocationClient.hasError(intent))
handleError(intent);
else
handleEnterExit(intent);
private void handleError(Intent intent)
// Get the error code
int errorCode = LocationClient.getErrorCode(intent);
// Get the error message
String errorMessage = LocationServiceErrorMessages.getErrorString(
context, errorCode);
// Log the error
Log.e(GeofenceUtils.APPTAG,
context.getString(R.string.geofence_transition_error_detail,
errorMessage));
// Set the action and error message for the broadcast intent
broadcastIntent
.setAction(GeofenceUtils.ACTION_GEOFENCE_ERROR)
.putExtra(GeofenceUtils.EXTRA_GEOFENCE_STATUS, errorMessage);
// Broadcast the error *locally* to other components in this app
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(context).sendBroadcast(
broadcastIntent);
private void handleEnterExit(Intent intent)
// Get the type of transition (entry or exit)
int transition = LocationClient.getGeofenceTransition(intent);
// Test that a valid transition was reported
if ((transition == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER)
|| (transition == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT))
// Post a notification
List<Geofence> geofences = LocationClient
.getTriggeringGeofences(intent);
String[] geofenceIds = new String[geofences.size()];
String ids = TextUtils.join(GeofenceUtils.GEOFENCE_ID_DELIMITER,
geofenceIds);
String transitionType = GeofenceUtils
.getTransitionString(transition);
for (int index = 0; index < geofences.size(); index++)
Geofence geofence = geofences.get(index);
...do something with the geofence entry or exit. I'm saving them to a local sqlite db
// Create an Intent to broadcast to the app
broadcastIntent
.setAction(GeofenceUtils.ACTION_GEOFENCE_TRANSITION)
.addCategory(GeofenceUtils.CATEGORY_LOCATION_SERVICES)
.putExtra(GeofenceUtils.EXTRA_GEOFENCE_ID, geofenceIds)
.putExtra(GeofenceUtils.EXTRA_GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_TYPE,
transitionType);
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(MyApplication.getContext())
.sendBroadcast(broadcastIntent);
// Log the transition type and a message
Log.d(GeofenceUtils.APPTAG, transitionType + ": " + ids);
Log.d(GeofenceUtils.APPTAG,
context.getString(R.string.geofence_transition_notification_text));
// In debug mode, log the result
Log.d(GeofenceUtils.APPTAG, "transition");
// An invalid transition was reported
else
// Always log as an error
Log.e(GeofenceUtils.APPTAG,
context.getString(R.string.geofence_transition_invalid_type,
transition));
/**
* Posts a notification in the notification bar when a transition is
* detected. If the user clicks the notification, control goes to the main
* Activity.
*
* @param transitionType
* The type of transition that occurred.
*
*/
private void sendNotification(String transitionType, String locationName)
// Create an explicit content Intent that starts the main Activity
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(context, MainActivity.class);
// Construct a task stack
TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(context);
// Adds the main Activity to the task stack as the parent
stackBuilder.addParentStack(MainActivity.class);
// Push the content Intent onto the stack
stackBuilder.addNextIntent(notificationIntent);
// Get a PendingIntent containing the entire back stack
PendingIntent notificationPendingIntent = stackBuilder
.getPendingIntent(0, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
// Get a notification builder that's compatible with platform versions
// >= 4
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(
context);
// Set the notification contents
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification)
.setContentTitle(transitionType + ": " + locationName)
.setContentText(
context.getString(R.string.geofence_transition_notification_text))
.setContentIntent(notificationPendingIntent);
// Get an instance of the Notification manager
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) context
.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// Issue the notification
mNotificationManager.notify(0, builder.build());
希望对其他人有所帮助。
【讨论】:
嗨,我从开发者网站下载并运行了地理围栏代码,它对我来说很好用。即使在应用程序关闭时也会调用 ReceiveTransitionService 类,并且它是一个在任何情况下都会被触发的广播意图 该代码不适用于我的谷歌示例和我拥有的另一个示例 @b-ryce 这段代码对我非常有用,谢谢!我想知道“MyApplication.getContext()”是什么?它是 GeoFenceReciever.java 的上下文还是您的主要片段活动的上下文? @b-ryce 我知道你回答已经有一段时间了,但你知道我是否也需要在后台请求位置更新吗?还是地理围栏会要求我?【参考方案2】:我遇到了类似的问题,在尝试了各种方法后,我终于解决了这个问题。不幸的是,android 文档没有提到这些问题。 每次重新启动设备或每次切换位置模式时,都会删除 android 地理围栏。 所以添加一个广播接收器来监听设备重启和位置模式的变化,并在接收器中再次添加地理围栏。
我已经发了详细的解释here
【讨论】:
这可能是一个简单的评论,问题可能被标记为重复?以上是关于Android 地理围栏仅适用于打开的应用程序的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
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