检索行之间特定列不同的行

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【中文标题】检索行之间特定列不同的行【英文标题】:Retrieve rows where specific columns are different between rows 【发布时间】:2019-03-19 17:47:29 【问题描述】:

我有以下 SQL 来获取最高(最大)和第二高日期行。数据中有一些情况,“旧行”和“新行”的唯一区别是生效日期。我想做的只是显示每个 EMPLID 的旧行和新行,其中 BANK_CD 和/或 ACCOUNT_NUM 在“旧”行和“新”行之间是不同的。

   WITH CTE AS ( 
 SELECT A.EMPLID 
 , C.VENDOR_ID
 , B.FIRST_NAME 
 , B.LAST_NAME 
 , A.BANK_CD 
 , A.ACCOUNT_NUM 
 , A.ACCOUNT_TYPE 
 , A.PRIORITY
 , A.LAST_UPDATE_DATE 
 , A.EFFDT 
 , MAX(A.LAST_UPDATE_DATE) OVER(PARTITION BY A.EMPLID) AS MAX_UPDATE_DATE 
 , ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY A.EMPLID 
  ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC 
  , D.EFFDT DESC) AS RN 
  FROM PS_DIRECT_DEPOSIT D INNER JOIN PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB A ON A.EMPLID = D.EMPLID 
   AND A.EFFDT = D.EFFDT INNER JOIN PS_EMPLOYEES B ON B.EMPLID = A.EMPLID INNER JOIN PS_GHS_DIR_DEP_VND C ON C.EMPLID = A.EMPLID 
     INNER JOIN PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB E ON E.EMPLID = A.EMPLID AND E.EFFDT = A.EFFDT AND E.PRIORITY = A.PRIORITY 
 WHERE B.EMPL_STATUS NOT IN ('T','R','D') 
   AND ((A.DEPOSIT_TYPE = 'P' 
   AND A.AMOUNT_PCT = 100) 
    OR A.PRIORITY = 999 
    OR A.DEPOSIT_TYPE = 'B') 
   AND D.EFF_STATUS = 'A' )

 SELECT CASE WHEN RN = 1 THEN 'NEW ROW' WHEN RN = 2 THEN 'OLD ROW' END AS 
 'ROW_TYPE' , * 
 FROM CTE 
 WHERE RN IN (1, 2) 
 AND MAX_UPDATE_DATE >= GETDATE() - 8

这是我现在得到的输出示例:

ROW_TYPE    EMPLID     VENDOR_ID    FIRST_NAME    LAST_NAME    BANK_CD    ACCOUNT_NUM    ACCOUNT_TYPE    PRIORITY    LAST_UPDATE_DATE    EFFDT       MAX_UPDATE_DATE    RN
NEW ROW     12345      XYZ123       John          Smith        111111122  45678          C               999         03/12/2019          03/12/2019  03/12/2019         1
OLD ROW     12345      XYZ123       John          Smith        111111122  45678          C               999         10/25/2017          10/25/2017  10/25/2017         2
NEW ROW     47831      A86464       Samm          Bulle        754566654  98865          C               999         03/12/2019          06/08/2018  03/12/2019         1
OLD ROW     47831      A86464       Samm          Bulle        754566654  45678          C               999         10/25/2017          06/08/2018  10/25/2017         2
NEW ROW     32456      KG4561       Kilo          Renne        875123311  32146          C               300         09/02/2018          09/02/2018  09/02/2018         1
OLD ROW     32456      KG4561       Kilo          Renne        971215477  78131          C               310         12/21/2017          12/21/2017  12/21/2017         2

在上面的示例中,我不想输出前两组 EMPLID 行(前 4 行),因为它们在新旧行之间具有相同的 BANK_CD 和 ACCOUNT_NUM。我想保留在输出中的最后一组行,因为您可以看到 BANK_CD 和 ACCOUNT_NUM 是不同的(可能包含其中之一)。

我尝试为 PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB 添加自联接,然后添加 WHERE 子句 where AND (A.BANK_CD E.BANK_CD OR A.ACCOUNT_NUM E.ACCOUNT_NUM),如下所示:

   WITH CTE AS ( 
 SELECT A.EMPLID 
 --, C.VENDOR_ID
 , B.FIRST_NAME 
 , B.LAST_NAME 
 , A.BANK_CD 
 , A.ACCOUNT_NUM 
 , A.ACCOUNT_TYPE 
 , A.PRIORITY
 , A.LAST_UPDATE_DATE 
 , A.EFFDT 
 , MAX(A.LAST_UPDATE_DATE) OVER(PARTITION BY A.EMPLID) AS MAX_UPDATE_DATE 
 , ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY A.EMPLID 
  ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC 
  , D.EFFDT DESC) AS RN 
  FROM PS_DIRECT_DEPOSIT D INNER JOIN PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB A ON A.EMPLID = D.EMPLID 
   AND A.EFFDT = D.EFFDT INNER JOIN PS_EMPLOYEES B ON B.EMPLID = A.EMPLID INNER JOIN PS_GHS_DIR_DEP_VND C ON C.EMPLID = A.EMPLID 
 ---ADDING SELF JOIN BELOW---
     INNER JOIN PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB E ON E.EMPLID = A.EMPLID AND E.EFFDT = 
     A.EFFDT AND E.PRIORITY = A.PRIORITY 
 WHERE B.EMPL_STATUS NOT IN ('T','R','D') 
   AND ((A.DEPOSIT_TYPE = 'P' 
   AND A.AMOUNT_PCT = 100) 
    OR A.PRIORITY = 999 
    OR A.DEPOSIT_TYPE = 'B') 
   AND D.EFF_STATUS = 'A' 
---ADDING NEW WHERE CONDITION BELOW---
   AND (E.ACCOUNT_NUM <> A.ACCOUNT_NUM OR E.BANK_CD <> A.BANK_CD )) 
 SELECT CASE WHEN RN = 1 THEN 'NEW ROW' WHEN RN = 2 THEN 'OLD ROW' END AS 'ROW_TYPE' 
 , * 
  FROM CTE 
  WHERE RN IN (1, 2) 
  AND MAX_UPDATE_DATE >= GETDATE() - 8

但是,当我进行上述更改时,我根本没有得到任何数据返回。我做错了什么?

3/20/19 编辑:

按照下面 Tarek 的建议答案,我似乎遗漏了一些我希望在最终输出中出现的行。似乎添加的新字段 BANK_CD_prevACCOUNT_NUM_prev 在我希望它们显示的行中返回 NULL 值,因此最终查询没有检索它们。该如何处理?

ROW_TYPE    EMPLID    FIRST_NAME    LAST_NAME   BANK_CD       ACCOUNT_NUM     ACCOUNT_TYPE  PRIORITY    LAST_UPDATE_DATE       EFFDT        MAX_UPDATE_DATE  RN    BANK_CD_prev   ACCOUNT_NUM_prev  
NEW ROW     56789     Test          User        874556411     54765           C             999         2019-02-28             2019-02-28   2019-02-28       1     NULL           NULL
OLD ROW     56789     Test          User        874556411     98451           C             999         2017-10-09             2017-10-09   2017-10-09       1     874556411      54765
NEW ROW     56789     Sampl         Test        756561623     46331           C             999         2018-03-12             2018-03-12   2018-03-12       1     NULL           NULL
OLD ROW     56789     Test          User        756561623     46331           C             999         2015-05-18             2015-05-18   2015-05-18       1     756561623      46331

请注意,上面运行的查询没有AND BANK_CD &lt;&gt; BANK_CD_prev AND ACCOUNT_NUM &lt;&gt; ACCOUNT_NUM_prev 的最终条件,这样我就可以明白为什么我丢失了一些行。在这种情况下,您可以看到第一个EMPLID的 ACCOUNT_NUM 不同的两行,因此我应该输出两行。第二个EMPLID(最后两行)有点不同,因为BANK_CDACCOUNT_NUM 对于两行都是相同的,所以我不希望这会被输出(它不是,所以这是正确的)但仍然显示NULL's 在第一组行中。

3/20/19 编辑 2:您可以看到 BANK_CD_COUNTACCOUNT_NUM_COUNT 中有一些我认为会导致问题的奇怪数字。

ROW_TYPE    EMPLID  FIRST_NAME  LAST_NAME   BANK_CD     ACCOUNT_NUM  ACCOUNT_TYPE   PRIORITY    LAST_UPDATE_DATE    EFFDT        MAX_UPDATE_DATE    RN   BANK_CD_COUNT  ACCOUNT_NUM_COUNT
NEW ROW     812682  Test        User        031308302   8675309      C              999         2019-03-09          2019-03-09   2019-03-09          1   1101            1
OLD ROW     812682  Test        User        231379393   0001236408   C           999            2018-04-11          2018-03-03   2019-03-09          2   476            1

此链接包含创建表和插入脚本,供任何可以帮助复制此内容的人使用。

https://pastebin.com/cZLhMmet

【问题讨论】:

嗯...字段 MAX_UPDATE_DATE 的输出应该重复每个 EMPLID 是此 ID 的最大日期。查看演示:rextester.com/QEJB48817 【参考方案1】:

一种方法是使用LEADLAG 函数。我们这里都需要。

这是您的原始查询,我按日期格式化并注释掉了过滤器。

WITH 
CTE
AS 
(
    SELECT
        A.EMPLID
        ,C.VENDOR_ID
        ,B.FIRST_NAME
        ,B.LAST_NAME
        ,A.BANK_CD
        ,A.ACCOUNT_NUM
        ,A.ACCOUNT_TYPE
        ,A.PRIORITY
        ,A.LAST_UPDATE_DATE
        ,A.EFFDT
        ,MAX(A.LAST_UPDATE_DATE) OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID) AS MAX_UPDATE_DATE
        ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC, D.EFFDT DESC) AS RN
    FROM 
        PS_DIRECT_DEPOSIT D
        INNER JOIN PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB A 
            ON A.EMPLID = D.EMPLID
            AND A.EFFDT = D.EFFDT
        INNER JOIN PS_EMPLOYEES B ON B.EMPLID = A.EMPLID
        INNER JOIN PS_GHS_DIR_DEP_VND C ON C.EMPLID = A.EMPLID
        INNER JOIN PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB E 
            ON E.EMPLID = A.EMPLID
            AND E.EFFDT = A.EFFDT
            AND E.PRIORITY = A.PRIORITY
    WHERE 
        B.EMPL_STATUS NOT IN ('T','R','D')
        AND 
        (
            (
                A.DEPOSIT_TYPE = 'P'
                AND A.AMOUNT_PCT = 100
            )
            OR A.PRIORITY = 999
            OR A.DEPOSIT_TYPE = 'B'
        )
        AND D.EFF_STATUS = 'A'
)
SELECT 
    CASE 
        WHEN RN = 1 THEN 'NEW ROW'
        WHEN RN = 2 THEN 'OLD ROW'
    END AS 'ROW_TYPE'
    ,*
FROM CTE
WHERE 
    RN IN (1,2)
    --AND MAX_UPDATE_DATE >= GETDATE() - 8
;

此查询根据您的示例数据返回以下结果:

+----------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+----------+-------------+--------------+----------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+----+
| ROW_TYPE | EMPLID  | VENDOR_ID | FIRST_NAME | LAST_NAME | BANK_CD  | ACCOUNT_NUM | ACCOUNT_TYPE | PRIORITY |    LAST_UPDATE_DATE     |          EFFDT          |     MAX_UPDATE_DATE     | RN |
+----------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+----------+-------------+--------------+----------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+----+
| NEW ROW  |  097432 | 3471B     | H          | Adam      | 09146115 |    13404891 | C            |      999 | 2016-06-10 00:00:00.000 | 2016-06-10 00:00:00.000 | 2016-06-10 00:00:00.000 |  1 |
| OLD ROW  |  097432 | 3471B     | H          | Adam      | 09146115 |    13404891 | C            |      999 | 2016-06-10 00:00:00.000 | 2014-11-05 00:00:00.000 | 2016-06-10 00:00:00.000 |  2 |
| NEW ROW  |  100765 | 1272B     | V          | Milo      |  2358414 |      040925 | S            |      310 | 2014-03-05 00:00:00.000 | 2011-04-27 00:00:00.000 | 2014-03-05 00:00:00.000 |  1 |
| OLD ROW  |  100765 | 1272B     | V          | Milo      |  2358414 |      040925 | S            |      300 | 2014-03-05 00:00:00.000 | 2001-08-23 00:00:00.000 | 2014-03-05 00:00:00.000 |  2 |
| NEW ROW  | 1045632 | 3870A     | V          | Olo       |  2345794 |   179410860 | C            |      999 | 2018-08-16 00:00:00.000 | 2018-08-16 00:00:00.000 | 2018-08-16 00:00:00.000 |  1 |
| OLD ROW  | 1045632 | 3870A     | V          | Olo       |  2345794 |   179410860 | C            |      310 | 2011-02-25 00:00:00.000 | 2011-02-25 00:00:00.000 | 2018-08-16 00:00:00.000 |  2 |
| NEW ROW  |   21345 | 12345A    | J          | Smith     |  0224547 |    59167824 | C            |      999 | 2019-02-28 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-28 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-28 00:00:00.000 |  1 |
| OLD ROW  |   21345 | 12345A    | J          | Smith     |  0224547 |      591678 | C            |      999 | 2017-11-08 00:00:00.000 | 2017-10-17 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-28 00:00:00.000 |  2 |
| NEW ROW  |   26110 | 1272B     | S          | Sams      |  8208302 |      822328 | C            |      999 | 2019-02-08 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-08 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-08 00:00:00.000 |  1 |
| OLD ROW  |   26110 | 1272B     | S          | Sams      |  8208302 |      822328 | C            |      315 | 2014-03-05 00:00:00.000 | 2012-07-30 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-08 00:00:00.000 |  2 |
+----------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+----------+-------------+--------------+----------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+----+

我把它放在这里,所以你可以看到下面的区别。

这是在WHERE 子句中添加了LEADLAG 函数的新查询(我们需要同时获取上一行和下一行)以及额外的过滤器。

LEADLAG 在到达窗口末尾时返回 NULL。例如,LAG(上一个值)将为窗口的第一行返回 NULL,因为还没有“上一个”行。

因此,对于第一行 (rn=1),我们需要将其值与“下一行”进行比较。

对于第二行 (rn=2),我们需要将其值与“prev”进行比较。

最终查询

WITH 
CTE
AS 
(
    SELECT
        A.EMPLID
        ,C.VENDOR_ID
        ,B.FIRST_NAME
        ,B.LAST_NAME
        ,A.BANK_CD
        ,A.ACCOUNT_NUM
        ,A.ACCOUNT_TYPE
        ,A.PRIORITY
        ,A.LAST_UPDATE_DATE
        ,A.EFFDT
        ,MAX(A.LAST_UPDATE_DATE) OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID) AS MAX_UPDATE_DATE
        ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC, D.EFFDT DESC) AS RN

        ,LAG(A.BANK_CD) OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC, D.EFFDT DESC) AS BANK_CD_prev
        ,LEAD(A.BANK_CD) OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC, D.EFFDT DESC) AS BANK_CD_next
        ,LAG(A.ACCOUNT_NUM) OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC, D.EFFDT DESC) AS ACCOUNT_NUM_prev
        ,LEAD(A.ACCOUNT_NUM) OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC, D.EFFDT DESC) AS ACCOUNT_NUM_next
    FROM 
        PS_DIRECT_DEPOSIT D
        INNER JOIN PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB A 
            ON A.EMPLID = D.EMPLID
            AND A.EFFDT = D.EFFDT
        INNER JOIN PS_EMPLOYEES B ON B.EMPLID = A.EMPLID
        INNER JOIN PS_GHS_DIR_DEP_VND C ON C.EMPLID = A.EMPLID
        INNER JOIN PS_DIR_DEP_DISTRIB E 
            ON E.EMPLID = A.EMPLID
            AND E.EFFDT = A.EFFDT
            AND E.PRIORITY = A.PRIORITY
    WHERE 
        B.EMPL_STATUS NOT IN ('T','R','D')
        AND 
        (
            (
                A.DEPOSIT_TYPE = 'P'
                AND A.AMOUNT_PCT = 100
            )
            OR A.PRIORITY = 999
            OR A.DEPOSIT_TYPE = 'B'
        )
        AND D.EFF_STATUS = 'A'
)
SELECT 
    CASE 
        WHEN RN = 1 THEN 'NEW ROW'
        WHEN RN = 2 THEN 'OLD ROW'
    END AS 'ROW_TYPE'
    ,*
FROM CTE
WHERE 
    RN IN (1,2)
    AND 
    (
        (
            rn = 1
            AND BANK_CD <> BANK_CD_next
        )
        OR
        (
            rn = 1
            AND ACCOUNT_NUM <> ACCOUNT_NUM_next
        )

        OR

        (
            rn = 2
            AND BANK_CD <> BANK_CD_prev
        )
        OR
        (
            rn = 2
            AND ACCOUNT_NUM <> ACCOUNT_NUM_prev
        )
    )
    --AND MAX_UPDATE_DATE >= GETDATE() - 8
;

最终结果

+----------+--------+-----------+------------+-----------+---------+-------------+--------------+----------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+----+--------------+--------------+------------------+------------------+
| ROW_TYPE | EMPLID | VENDOR_ID | FIRST_NAME | LAST_NAME | BANK_CD | ACCOUNT_NUM | ACCOUNT_TYPE | PRIORITY |    LAST_UPDATE_DATE     |          EFFDT          |     MAX_UPDATE_DATE     | RN | BANK_CD_prev | BANK_CD_next | ACCOUNT_NUM_prev | ACCOUNT_NUM_next |
+----------+--------+-----------+------------+-----------+---------+-------------+--------------+----------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+----+--------------+--------------+------------------+------------------+
| NEW ROW  |  21345 | 12345A    | J          | Smith     | 0224547 |    59167824 | C            |      999 | 2019-02-28 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-28 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-28 00:00:00.000 |  1 | NULL         | 0224547      | NULL             | 591678           |
| OLD ROW  |  21345 | 12345A    | J          | Smith     | 0224547 |      591678 | C            |      999 | 2017-11-08 00:00:00.000 | 2017-10-17 00:00:00.000 | 2019-02-28 00:00:00.000 |  2 | 0224547      | NULL         | 59167824         | NULL             |
+----------+--------+-----------+------------+-----------+---------+-------------+--------------+----------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+----+--------------+--------------+------------------+------------------+

【讨论】:

这似乎工作得很好!一个问题,在最终结果输出中,我注意到“新行”的BANK_CD_nextACCOUNT_NUM_next 的值包含ACCOUNT_NUM 的“旧行”值。在“旧行”上反之亦然,ACCOUNT_NUM_prev 的值是“新行”中的ACCOUNT_NUM。也许只是字段的标签(对我来说)有点令人困惑,我只是想确保它们是正确的? @Nick,一切都按照RN 排序。您将第一行的 rn=1 标记为“新行”。 rn=1 之后的行是 rn=2 的行。因此,rn=1 的下一行是 rn=2 所在的行。 ACCOUNT_NUM_next 列包含当前行中“下一个”行的值。因此,对于rn=1ACCOUNT_NUM_next 列包含来自rn=2 的值。反之亦然,“prev”。当我们将两个不同行的值放入同一行时,我们可以在 WHERE 子句中比较它们。 感谢弗拉基米尔,领先和落后的分区是按降序 (DESC) 顺序排列的,所以我认为这就是造成我困惑的原因。我会将此标记为已接受的答案。 很高兴听到您的问题最终会得到解决,很抱歉因为我参加了会议而没有回复。【参考方案2】:

我只需将以下分析函数添加到您的 CTE 以返回前任:

LAG(A.BANK_CD) OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC) AS BANK_CD_prev,
LAG(A.ACCOUNT_NUM) OVER (PARTITION BY A.EMPLID ORDER BY A.EFFDT DESC) AS ACCOUNT_NUM_prev

然后你只需要在你的主查询中引用它就可以了

FROM CTE 
WHERE RN IN (1, 2) 
AND MAX_UPDATE_DATE >= GETDATE() - 8
AND BANK_CD <> BANK_CD_prev
AND ACCOUNT_NUM <> ACCOUNT_NUM_prev

如果解决了您的问题,请回复。由于您没有提供测试示例,因此很难说。

编辑:我的意思是:将该解决方案与您的初始方法一起使用,而无需自加入。它不会帮助您解决问题。

【讨论】:

感谢 Tarek 的反馈。我添加了您的建议,但是我似乎在主查询中缺少一些带有额外条件的行。我缺少的行(应该返回)在 BANK_CD_prevACCOUNT_NUM_prev 列中返回 NULL 值。我会在上面附上一个例子。 此外,当我使用您的更改运行此程序时,我只会返回旧行,而我想同时查看旧行和新行。

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