解析地址：模仿这 8 行 Perl 的 T-SQL 代码？
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【中文标题】解析地址：模仿这 8 行 Perl 的 T-SQL 代码？【英文标题】：Parsing an address: T-SQL code to mimic these 8 lines of Perl? 【发布时间】：2021-02-04 21:22:40 【问题描述】：我只是从另一个程序中得到一个未解析的地址，我需要将它作为它的组件存储在接收系统中。我需要一些帮助！我给你洗猫。随便。
好消息是我可以依靠这些换行符。我可以指望城市后的逗号+空格，我可以指望州或省的两位数缩写，后跟空格。所以（没有打高尔夫球）我很快用 Perl 写了它，以提供一些工作代码。
关键是如果我们在 \n 上拆分输入，我只想要第二行/元素（地址 1）、最后一行/元素（国家/地区）和倒数第二个元素（城市、ST zip）。然后我需要将该元素拆分为其组件。我下面的 Perl 代码可以工作，但是如何在 T-SQL 中重新创建它？
$_ = "Company\n".
"Address 1\n".
"Address 2 (opt)\n".
"Address 3 (opt)\n".
"City, ST zip\n".
"Country";
# also works for "City, PV zip zip\n"
@add = split('\n');
$address = $add[1]; # who cares about addy and addy3
$country = pop(@add);
$ctz = pop(@add);
if ($ctz =~ /(.*), (..) (.*)/)
# Yes a $ctz line like "City of Angels, II, MO 65423" would break it
$city = $1;
$state = $2;
$zip = $3;
else
$city = $state = $zip = '';
print "Address: $address\n".
"City: $city\n".
"State Code: $state\n".
"Zip: $zip\n".
"Country: $country\n";
【问题讨论】：
其实，那个正则表达式可以解析City of Angels, II, MO 65423就好了
哦，对了，贪婪。好吧，我敢肯定有一些奇怪的城市名称会让我们失望。但是人只是说取最后一行，倒数第二行将其拆分，然后在 tsql 中取第二行让我发疯。集成商有大约 50 行代码，但它失败了。我在 Fiver 上付钱给某人，但他的代码也不起作用，不值得为 20 美元与他争吵。有人吗？
你试过正则表达式了吗？ -- 我找到了很多例子here。我敢肯定那里有更多的文档。如果是的话，特别是什么给你带来了麻烦（我没有从上一条评论中得到描述，关于“最后一行”然后是“倒数第二行”然后是“第二行”......你能显示确切的行吗？（或者，更好的是，您的SQL 尝试？）
【参考方案1】：
从大量借鉴Jeff Moden 的字符串拆分器开始，但它处理多字符分隔符。它按顺序返回分隔的项目并带有索引列：
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[DelimitedSplit8K]
--===== Define I/O parameters
(@pString VARCHAR(8000), @pDelimiter VARCHAR(16))
--WARNING!!! DO NOT USE MAX DATA-TYPES HERE! IT WILL KILL PERFORMANCE!
RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING AS
RETURN
--===== "Inline" CTE Driven "Tally Table" produces values from 1 up to 10,000...
-- enough to cover VARCHAR(8000)
WITH E1(N) AS (
SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL
SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL
SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1
), --10E+1 or 10 rows
E2(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E1 a, E1 b), --10E+2 or 100 rows
E4(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E2 a, E2 b), --10E+4 or 10,000 rows max
cteTally(N) AS (--==== This provides the "base" CTE and limits the number of rows right up front
-- for both a performance gain and prevention of accidental "overruns"
SELECT TOP (ISNULL(DATALENGTH(@pString),0)) ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM E4
),
cteStart(N1) AS (--==== This returns N+1 (starting position of each "element" just once for each delimiter)
SELECT 1 UNION ALL
SELECT t.N+ Len( @pDelimiter ) FROM cteTally t WHERE SUBSTRING(@pString,t.N, Len( @pDelimiter ) ) = @pDelimiter
),
cteLen(N1,L1) AS(--==== Return start and length (for use in substring)
SELECT s.N1,
ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@pDelimiter,@pString,s.N1),0)-s.N1 ,8000)
FROM cteStart s
)
--===== Do the actual split. The ISNULL/NULLIF combo handles the length for the final element when no delimiter is found.
SELECT ItemNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY l.N1),
Item = SUBSTRING(@pString, l.N1, l.L1)
FROM cteLen l;
然后放开你的数据：
declare @Newline as Char(2) = Char(13) + Char(10); -- This may need work to match your newlines.
declare @Sample as VarChar(1024) =
'Company' + @Newline +
'Address 1' + @Newline +
'Address 2 (opt)' + @Newline +
'Address 3 (opt)' + @Newline +
'City, ST zip' + @Newline +
'Country';
select *
from dbo.DelimitedSplit8K( @Sample, @Newline );
剩下的练习是弄清楚你想如何处理可选项目。
DBfiddle 对于好奇的人。
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：抱歉，我认为您需要 perl 中的代码，但您要求的是 T-SQL 代码。
将代码留给可能感兴趣的陌生人。
调查以下代码片段是否符合您的任务
use strict;
use warnings;
use feature 'say';
use Data::Dumper;
my @data = <DATA>;
my $address;
chomp @data;
$address->company = $data[0];
push @$address->street, @data[1..$#data-2];
$address->@qw/city state zip/ = split '[, ]+', $data[-2];
$address->country = $data[-1];
say Dumper($address);
say '--- Print the address ' . '-' x 25;
my @fields = keys % $address ;
for my $field ( @fields )
say ucfirst $field . ": " .
(
ref $address->$field eq 'ARRAY'
? join "\n\t", @ $address->$field
: $address->$field
);
__DATA__
Company
Address 1
Address 2 (opt)
Address 3 (opt)
City, ST zip
Country
输出
$VAR1 =
'city' => 'City',
'country' => 'Country',
'company' => 'Company',
'state' => 'ST',
'zip' => 'zip',
'street' => [
'Address 1',
'Address 2 (opt)',
'Address 3 (opt)'
]
;
--- Print the address -------------------------
Street: Address 1
Address 2 (opt)
Address 3 (opt)
City: City
State: ST
Zip: zip
Country: Country
【讨论】：
【参考方案3】：这可能有点难看，但我今天自学了 TSQL。 :)
declare @string varchar(2000), @ctz varchar(100), @delim varchar(1), @idx integer;
set @delim = CHAR(10); -- What we get from BC
set @string = 'Company'+@delim+'Address1'+@delim+'Address2'+@delim+'City, ST Zip'+@delim+'Country'; -- We we get from BC
--set @string = 'Company'+@delim+'Address1'+@delim+'City, ST Zip'+@delim+'Country'; -- We we get from BC
--set @string = 'Company'+@delim+'Address1'+@delim+'Address2'+@delim++'Address3'+@delim+'City, PR zip zip'+@delim+'Country'; -- We we get from BC
-- Start from the bottom
select @idx = LEN(@string) - CHARINDEX(@delim,REVERSE(@string)) + 1; -- last occurance of our delim
select SUBSTRING(@string,@idx+1,2000) as country;
select @string = SUBSTRING(@string,1,@idx-1); -- shorten our string now including the delim
select @idx = LEN(@string) - CHARINDEX(@delim,REVERSE(@string)) + 1;
select @ctz = SUBSTRING(@string,@idx+1,2000); -- deal with this later
-- select @ctz as ctz;
select @string = SUBSTRING(@string,1,@idx-1); -- shorten it again including the delim
-- Now start at the top to remove company
select @idx = CHARINDEX(@delim, @string); -- first occurance of delim
select @string = SUBSTRING(@string,@idx+1,2000); -- just remove everything up to that point (Company)
select @idx = CHARINDEX(@delim, @string); -- first occurance at end of add1
if @idx = 0
select @string as address1;
else
BEGIN
select SUBSTRING(@string,1,@idx-1) as address1;
select @string = SUBSTRING(@string,@idx+1,2000); -- keep shortening
select replace(@string, @delim, ',') as address2; -- if there anything else
END
select @idx = PATINDEX('%, [A-z][A-Z] %',@ctz); -- A regexp to find ", ST "
select SUBSTRING(@ctz,1,@idx-1) as city;
select SUBSTRING(@ctz,@idx+2,2) as st;
select SUBSTRING(@ctz,@idx+1+2+1,100) as zip; -- index+space+state+space
GO
【讨论】：
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