从 SQL 查询结果构建父/子数组菜单结构
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【中文标题】从 SQL 查询结果构建父/子数组菜单结构【英文标题】：Building a parent/child array menu structure from SQL query result 【发布时间】：2018-01-16 09:42:11 【问题描述】：我需要使用 mysql DB 查询动态构建复杂的菜单结构。该查询允许定义用户有权使用和查看的菜单项。 Menu 结构以经典的父/子关系存储在结果集中，其中每个元素都有自己的 id 并依赖于其父 id。 Parent id = 0 表示该元素上方没有父母（它是根）：
MNU_ID MNU_FUNC MNU_PARENT MNU_ICON MNU_TITLE_IT MNU_TITLE_EN
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 FLTMGR 0 home STATO FLOTTA FLEET STATUS
2 PSTN 0 map-marker POSIZIONI POSITIONS
3 RTS 0 road PERCORSI ROUTES
4 CHRTS 0 line-charts DIAGRAMMI CHARTS
...
13 MNLS 0 book MANUALI MANUALS
14 RGLTNS 0 bank NORMATIVE REGULATIONS
16 SPD 4 tachometer VELOCITA' SPEED
17 ALT 4 area-chart ALTITUDINE ALTITUDE
18 DST 4 exchange DISTANZA DISTANCE
...
32 INSTL 13 book INSTALLAZIONE SETUP
33 BASE 32 wrench BASE BASE
34 FLPR 32 wrench SONDA CARB. FUAL PROBE
所以你可以看到元素 33 和 34 在元素 32 之下，而元素 32 在元素 13 之下，最后元素 13 没有父元素，因为它是根元素（它的 MNU_PARENT 为 0）。 话虽如此，我已经开发出我的代码来返回以下内容：
Array(
[FLTMGR] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-home
[title] => STATO FLOTTA
),
[PSTN] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-map-marker
[title] => POSIZIONI
),
[RTS] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-road
[title] => PERCORSI
),
[CHRTS] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-line-charts
[title] => DIAGRAMMI
[sub] => Array(
[SPD] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-tachometer
[title] => VELOCITÁ
),
[ALT] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-area-chart
[title] => ALTITUDINE
),
[DST] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-exchange
[title] => DISTANZA
),
[GSLN] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-tint blink
[title] => CARBURANTE
)
)
),
...
[MNLS] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-book
[title] => MANUALI
[sub] => Array(
[INSTL] => Array(
[MNU_ID] => 32
[MNU_FUNC] => INSTL
[MNU_PARENT] => 13
[icon] => fa fa-book
[title] => INSTALLAZIONE
[sub] => Array(
[0] => Array(
[MNU_ID] => 33
[MNU_FUNC] => BASE
[MNU_PARENT] => 32
[icon] => fa fa-wrench
[title] => BASE
),
[1] => Array(
[MNU_ID] => 34
[MNU_FUNC] => FLPR
[MNU_PARENT] => 32
[icon] => fa fa-wrench
[title] => SONDA CARB.
)
)
)
)
),
[RGLTNS] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-bank
[title] => NORMATIVE
)
)
但是，如您所见，我无法在第一层生成正确的结构。换句话说，如果您查看 MNLS 下的 INSTL 元素，则会出现以下错误：
-
项目 MNU_ID,MNU_FUNC,MNU_PARENT 不应存在（参见其他项目）
“sub”下的项目与1中的错误相同。
“sub”下的项目应由 BASE、FLPR 而不是 0 和 1 标识
所以预期的结构应该如下：
Array(
[FLTMGR] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-home
[title] => STATO FLOTTA
),
[PSTN] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-map-marker
[title] => POSIZIONI
[RTS] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-road
[title] => PERCORSI
),
[CHRTS] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-line-charts
[title] => DIAGRAMMI
[sub] => Array(
[SPD] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-tachometer
[title] => VELOCITÁ
),
[ALT] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-area-chart
[title] => ALTITUDINE
),
[DST] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-exchange
[title] => DISTANZA
),
[GSLN] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-tint blink
[title] => CARBURANTE
)
)
),
...
[MNLS] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-book
[title] => MANUALI
[sub] => Array(
[INSTL] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-book
[title] => INSTALLAZIONE
[sub] => Array(
[BASE] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-wrench
[title] => BASE
),
[FLPR] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-wrench
[title] => SONDA CARB.
)
)
)
)
),
[RGLTNS] => Array(
[icon] => fa fa-bank
[title] => NORMATIVE
)
)
现在是代码：
// $MenuDB contains the Menu structure returned by the DB
// Build the basic structure
$new = array();
foreach ($MenuDB as $a)
$new[$a['MNU_PARENT']][] = $a;
// Calls the recursive function CreateTree
$tree = createTree($new, $new[0]);
// Make final correction (remove unwanted items and replace index with keys)
$b=replaceKeys($tree);
print_r($b);
exit();
function replaceKeys(array $input)
foreach($input as $key => &$val) // Scan the input array, each element will go in $val, the key will be $key
$input[$val['MNU_FUNC']]=$input[$key]; // Replace index with key, the key is the value of the field MNU_FUNC
if(is_numeric($key)) unset($input[$key]); // Remove the item with numeric key (index) and leave the item with non-numeric index (key)
unset($val['MNU_ID']); // Remove ID
unset($val['MNU_PARENT']); // Remove Parent
unset($val['MNU_FUNC']); // Remove Function
if(isset($val['sub'])) // avoid to work with undefined items
if (is_array($val['sub'])) // check if there are childs inside the 'sub' item
$val['sub'] = replaceKeys($val['sub']); // if we have childs, do it again recursively
unset($val['url']); // remove url element if we have childs
unset($val['url_target']); // remove url_target element if we have childs
return $input;
function createTree(&$list, $parent)
$tree = array();
foreach ($parent as $k=>$l)
if(isset($list[$l['MNU_ID']]))
$l['sub'] = createTree($list, $list[$l['MNU_ID']]);
$tree[] = $l;
return $tree;
尽管我努力了，但我无法弄清楚错误在哪里。 我的工作流程有其他选择吗？
【问题讨论】：
你能用ajax吗...？而不是这个巨大的代码...... 不幸的是，我不能使用 Ajax 调用，因为这段代码在服务器端脚本上用于构建框架菜单。我唯一能做的就是 MySQL 查询和 php 脚本。 你能显示你从databese获得的var_dump数据吗？ @J.Litvak $MenuDB 包含数据库中的数据，与您在我的帖子中看到的完全一样。 【参考方案1】：你只能使用一个递归函数：
function makeTree($array, $parent)
$return = [];
foreach ($array as $key => $value)
if ($value['MNU_PARENT'] == $parent)
$return[$value['MNU_FUNC']] = [
'icon' => 'fa fa-' . $value['MNU_ICON'],
'title' => $value['MNU_TITLE_IT'],
];
$subs = false;
foreach ($array as $search)
if ($search['MNU_PARENT'] == $value['MNU_ID'])
$subs = true;
if ($subs === true)
$return[$value['MNU_FUNC']]['subs'] = makeTree($array, $value['MNU_ID']);
return $return;
$new = makeTree($arr, 0);
【讨论】：
你是对的！ +1 您的代码完美运行，您的想法是正确的！我发现了问题：元素 INSTL 没有子元素，但它的元素有子元素！！！这就是递归停止在那里的原因。我也将发布我修改后的代码......【参考方案2】：这段代码解决了这个问题：
$new = array();
foreach ($MenuDB as $a)
$new[$a['MNU_PARENT']][] = $a;
$tree = createTree($new, $new[0]);
print_r($tree).PHP_EOL;
exit();
function createTree(&$list, $parent)
$tree = array();
foreach ($parent as $k=>$l)
if(isset($list[$l['MNU_ID']])) // check if current element has childs
$l['sub'] = createTree($list, $list[$l['MNU_ID']]); // build child structure inside 'sub'
unset($l['url']); // remove the 'url' item for elements having childs
unset($l['url_target']); // remove the 'url_target' item for elements having childs
unset($l['MNU_ID']); // remove the 'MNU_ID' item not needed anymore
unset($l['MNU_PARENT']); // remove the 'MNU_PARENT' item not needed anymore
//$tree[] = $l;
$tree[$l['MNU_FUNC']]=$l; // while $tree[] = $l; will transfer the elements array to $tree using index, this one will will transfer the elements array to $tree using the key $l['MNU_FUNC']
unset($tree[$l['MNU_FUNC']]['MNU_FUNC']); // remove the 'MNU_FUNC' item not needed anymore
return $tree;
这更短，甚至更胖！，我们绝对不需要两个段落，所以不再需要replaceKeys，我们可以在createTree 中做所有的事情。
【讨论】：
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