从 swift osx 应用程序发送电子邮件

Posted 2023-03-14

【中文标题】从 swift osx 应用程序发送电子邮件

【英文标题】：send email from swift osx application

【发布时间】：2016-10-18 02:01:14

【问题描述】：

我在从我的 osx swift 应用程序发送邮件时遇到问题。要发送邮件，我使用了以下代码

import Foundation
import Cocoa


class sendemail : NSObject, NSSharingServiceDelegate

func sendEmail()  throws

    print("enter email sending")
    let body = "This is an email for auto testing throug code."
    let shareItems = [body] as NSArray

    let service = NSSharingService(named: NSSharingServiceNameComposeEmail)

    service?.delegate = self
    service?.recipients = ["[e-mail]"]

    let subject = "Vea Software"
    service?.subject = subject

    service?.performWithItems(shareItems as [AnyObject])

我从这个链接中找到了源代码：https://www.veasoftware.com/posts/send-email-in-swift-xcode-62-os-x-1010-tutorial

但它不起作用。

我也尝试按照以下说明从终端发送邮件：

http://www.developerfiles.com/how-to-send-emails-from-localhost-mac-os-x-el-capitan/

上面写着：

postfix/postfix-script: fatal: the Postfix mail system is not running

请帮帮我。

我可以从我配置的 mac 邮件应用程序手动发送邮件。

我正在使用

xcode 7.3, osx el captain and swift 2.2

【参考方案1】：

这对我有用：

import Cocoa

class SendEmail: NSObject 
    static func send() 
        let service = NSSharingService(named: NSSharingServiceNameComposeEmail)!
        service.recipients = ["[e-mail]"]
        service.subject = "Vea software"
        
        service.performWithItems(["This is an email for auto testing through code."])
    

用法：

SendEmail.send()

【讨论】：

非常感谢您的帮助。但它在这里不起作用... :( .... 是否有必要设置像 postmail 这样的东西才能成功运行它？

为我工作，无需额外设置。谢谢

我遇到了同样的问题。需要的是，Apple 的 Mail 是您选择的电子邮件客户端。

【参考方案2】：

Swift 4.2：

class SendEmail: NSObject 
    static func send() 
        let service = NSSharingService(named: NSSharingService.Name.composeEmail)!
        service.recipients = ["[e-mail]"]
        service.subject = "Email Subject"

        service.perform(withItems: ["Email Content"])
    

用法：SendEmail.send()

【参考方案3】：

我们通过不使用共享服务，而是使用 postfix 实用程序解决了这个“困难的方法”。请注意，postfix 必须运行并正确配置才能使以下代码生效。

为什么要这样做？好吧，这是一个稍微“通用”的解决方案，应该可以在 macOS 以外的其他平台上工作（或可以轻松修改）。此外，它不依赖于“邮件”。

请注意，这也使用了我们的日志工具，但您应该能够轻松提取所需的代码。

/// This queue/thread will be used to transfer the mails.

fileprivate let mailQueue = DispatchQueue.global(qos: .background)


/// Sends an email using the postfix unix utility.
///
/// - Note: Ths function only works if postfix is running (and set up correctly)
///
/// - Parameters:
///   - mail: The email to be transmitted. It should -as a minimum- contain the To, From and Subject fields.
///   - domainName: The domain this email is sent from, used for logging purposes only.

public func sendEmail(_ mail: String, domainName: String) 


    // Do this on a seperate queue in the background so this operation is non-blocking.

    mailQueue.async  [mail, domainName] in

        // Ensure the mail is ok

        guard let utf8mail = mail.data(using: .utf8), utf8mail.count > 0 else 
            Log.atDebug?.log("No mail present")
            return
        

        let options: Array<String> = ["-t"] // This option tells sendmail to read the from/to/subject from the email string itself.

        let errpipe = Pipe() // should remain empty
        let outpipe = Pipe() // should remain empty (but if you use other options you may get some text)
        let inpipe = Pipe()  // will be used to transfer the mail to sendmail


        // Setup the process that will send the mail

        let process = Process()
        if #available(OSX 10.13, *) 
            process.executableURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: "/usr/sbin/sendmail")
         else 
            process.launchPath = "/usr/sbin/sendmail"
        
        process.arguments = options
        process.standardError = errpipe
        process.standardOutput = outpipe
        process.standardInput = inpipe


        // Start the sendmail process

        let data: Data
        do 

            Log.atDebug?.log("\n\(mail)")


            // Setup the data to be sent

            inpipe.fileHandleForWriting.write(utf8mail)


            // Start the sendmail process

            if #available(OSX 10.13, *) 
                try process.run()
             else 
                process.launch()
            


            // Data transfer complete

            inpipe.fileHandleForWriting.closeFile()


            // Set a timeout. 10 seconds should be more than enough.

            let timeoutAfter = DispatchTime(uptimeNanoseconds: DispatchTime.now().uptimeNanoseconds + UInt64(10000) * 1000000)


            // Setup the process timeout on another queue

            DispatchQueue.global().asyncAfter(deadline: timeoutAfter) 
                [weak process] in
                Log.atDebug?.log("Sendmail Timeout expired, process \(process != nil ? "is still running" : "has exited already")")
                process?.terminate()
            


            // Wait for sendmail to complete

            process.waitUntilExit()

            Log.atDebug?.log("Sendmail terminated")


            // Check termination reason & status

            if (process.terminationReason == .exit) && (process.terminationStatus == 0) 

                // Exited OK, return data

                data = outpipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()

                if data.count > 0 
                    Log.atDebug?.log("Unexpectedly read \(data.count) bytes from sendmail, content: \(String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) ?? "")")
                 else 
                    Log.atDebug?.log("Sendmail completed without error")
                

             else 

                // An error of some kind happened

                Log.atError?.log("Sendmail process terminations status = \(process.terminationStatus), reason = \(process.terminationReason.rawValue )")

                let now = dateFormatter.string(from: Date())

                Log.atError?.log("Sendmail process failure, check domain (\(domainName)) logging directory for an error entry with timestamp \(now)")


                // Error, grab all possible output and create a file with all error info

                let e = errpipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()
                let d = outpipe.fileHandleForReading.readDataToEndOfFile()

                let dump =
                """
                Process Termination Reason: \(process.terminationReason.rawValue)
                Sendmail exit status: \(process.terminationStatus)
                Details:
                - Sendmail Executable  : /usr/sbin/sendmail
                - Sendmail Options     : -t
                - Sendmail Timeout     : 10,000 mSec
                - Sendmail Error output: \(e.count) bytes
                - Sendmail Output      : \(d.count) bytes
                Below the output of sendmail is given in the following block format:
                (----- Email input -----)
                ...
                (----- Standard Error -----)
                ...
                (----- Standard Out -----)
                ...
                (----- End of output -----)

                (----- Email input -----)
                \(mail)
                (----- Standard Error -----)
                \(String(bytes: e, encoding: .utf8) ?? "")
                (----- Standard Out -----)
                \(String(bytes: d, encoding: .utf8) ?? "")
                (----- End of output -----)
                """

                let errorFileName = "sendmail-error-log-" + now
                if
                    let errorFileUrl = Urls.domainLoggingDir(for: domainName)?.appendingPathComponent(errorFileName).appendingPathExtension("txt"),
                    let dumpData = dump.data(using: .utf8),
                    ((try? dumpData.write(to: errorFileUrl)) != nil) 
                 else 
                    Log.atError?.log("Cannot create sendmail error file, content is: \n\(dump)\n")
                
            

         catch let error 

            Log.atError?.log("Exception occured during sendmail execution, message = \(error.localizedDescription)")
        
    

应该使用格式如下的字符串调用此例程：

    let email: String =
    """
    To: \(emailAddress)
    From: \(fromAddress)
    Content-Type: text/html;
    Subject: Confirm Account Creation at \(domain.name)\n
    \(message)
    """