DispatchQueue 不等待异步函数完成
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【中文标题】DispatchQueue 不等待异步函数完成【英文标题】:DispatchQueue does not wait for async function to complete 【发布时间】:2018-01-23 03:36:04 【问题描述】:我正在尝试创建一个使用 USPS API 来获取数据的简单包裹跟踪应用程序。 callRestService 方法成功获取数据,并且其完成处理程序 serviceCallback(设置 unparsedXml 属性)工作。但是,我调用 callRestService 的方法在继续之前不会等待它及其完成处理程序完成,导致我的 print(unparsedXml) 语句返回 nil。
如下所示,我尝试使用 DispatchGroup 对象和 DispatchQueue 使函数等待 callRestService 完成,但无论如何它都会继续。如何让函数等待调用完成?
var unparsedXml:String?
public func getTrackingInfo(_ trackingNumber: String) -> TrackingInfo
let group = DispatchGroup()
group.enter()
DispatchQueue.global(qos: DispatchQoS.default.qosClass).async
self.callRestService(requestUrl: self.getRequest(trackingNumber))
group.leave()
group.wait()
print(unparsedXml)
return TrackingInfo()
private func getRequest(_ trackingNumber: String) -> String
let APIUsername = "Intentionally Omitted"
let trackingXmlLink = "http://production.shippingapis.com/ShippingAPI.dll?API=TrackV2&XML=%3CTrackFieldRequest%20USERID=%22" + APIUsername + "%22%3E%20%3CRevision%3E1%3C/Revision%3E%20%3CClientIp%3E127.0.0.1%3C/ClientIp%3E%20%3CSourceId%3EFaiz%20Surani%3C/SourceId%3E%20%3CTrackID%20ID=%22" + trackingNumber + "%22%3E%20%3CDestinationZipCode%3E66666%3C/DestinationZipCode%3E%20%3CMailingDate%3E2010-01-01%3C/MailingDate%3E%20%3C/TrackID%3E%20%3C/TrackFieldRequest%3E"
return trackingXmlLink
public func callRestService(requestUrl:String) ->Void
var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: requestUrl)!)
request.httpMethod = "GET"
let session = URLSession.shared
let task = session.dataTask(with: request, completionHandler: serviceCallback)
task.resume()
private func serviceCallback(data:Data? , response:URLResponse? , error:Error? ) -> Void
unparsedXml = String(data: data!, encoding: .utf8)
//print(unparsedXml) Works correctly when uncommented
【问题讨论】:
getRequest
将产生另一个异步任务,因此您的 group.leave
将立即执行。您应该在其中将完成处理程序传递给getRequest
和group.leave
。
对不起,我对此非常陌生,所以我不明白我会怎么做。能给我看看吗?
【参考方案1】:
您的问题是callRestService
将调度异步网络操作,因此您的group.leave
将立即被调用,触发您的group.notify
。
您可以将group.leave
放在完成处理程序中,但您应该避免阻塞代码。我建议您将 getTrackingInfo
构建为采用完成处理程序的异步函数:
public func getTrackingInfo(_ trackingNumber: String, completion:(TrackingInfo?,Error?) -> Void)
self.callRestService(requestUrl: self.getRequest(trackingNumber)) (data, response, error) in
guard error == nil, let returnData = data else
completion(nil,error)
return
completion(TrackingInfo(returnData),nil)
private func getRequest(_ trackingNumber: String) -> String
let APIUsername = "Intentionally Omitted"
let trackingXmlLink = "http://production.shippingapis.com/ShippingAPI.dll?API=TrackV2&XML=%3CTrackFieldRequest%20USERID=%22" + APIUsername + "%22%3E%20%3CRevision%3E1%3C/Revision%3E%20%3CClientIp%3E127.0.0.1%3C/ClientIp%3E%20%3CSourceId%3EFaiz%20Surani%3C/SourceId%3E%20%3CTrackID%20ID=%22" + trackingNumber + "%22%3E%20%3CDestinationZipCode%3E66666%3C/DestinationZipCode%3E%20%3CMailingDate%3E2010-01-01%3C/MailingDate%3E%20%3C/TrackID%3E%20%3C/TrackFieldRequest%3E"
return trackingXmlLink
public func callRestService(requestUrl:String, completion:(Data? , URLResponse? , Error? ) -> Void) ->Void
var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: requestUrl)!)
request.httpMethod = "GET"
let session = URLSession.shared
let task = session.dataTask(with: request, completionHandler: completion)
task.resume()
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:在notify
中等待操作完成
模拟一个网络请求:
public func networkTask(label: String, cost: UInt32, complete: @escaping ()->())
NSLog("Start network Task task%@",label)
DispatchQueue.global().async
sleep(cost)
NSLog("End networkTask task%@",label)
DispatchQueue.main.async
complete()
let group = DispatchGroup()
group.enter()
networkTask(label: "2", cost: 4)
group.leave()
group.enter()
networkTask(label: "1", cost: 3)
group.leave()
group.notify(queue: .main)
print("task complete!")
// ......
你可以试试这个例子。
【讨论】:
我认为DispatchGroup
就像ARC
,enter()
会+1
,leave()
会-1
,当等于0时,会调用notify
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