如何在多模块项目中使用 JUnit5 和 SpringBoot2 通过 gradle 而不是 intelliJ 运行测试
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【中文标题】如何在多模块项目中使用 JUnit5 和 SpringBoot2 通过 gradle 而不是 intelliJ 运行测试【英文标题】：How to run tests by gradle instead of intelliJ with JUnit5 and SpringBoot2 in multi module project 【发布时间】：2020-01-29 18:39:26 【问题描述】：我创建了一个空的 gradle 项目，其中包含单个模块（子项目），也作为 gradle 项目，但使用 Spring boot 2。
主要（未命名1） build.gradle：
group 'com.example'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
allprojects
repositories
mavenCentral()
settings.gradle：
rootProject.name = 'main-project'
include 'new-one'
子项目（新的）： 构建等级：
plugins
id("java")
id("org.springframework.boot") version "2.1.8.RELEASE"
id("io.spring.dependency-management") version "1.0.8.RELEASE"
group = 'com.example'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.12
dependencies
implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-dependencies:2.0.5.RELEASE'
implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
testImplementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'
def junit = '5.5.2'
testImplementation ("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:$junit")
testImplementation ("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:$junit")
testImplementation ("org.assertj:assertj-core:3.11.1")
testRuntime("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:$junit")
test
useJUnitPlatform()
使用测试运行器运行测试：IntelliJ idea 编译并通过测试，但是当我使用 gradle 时，如果我运行单个测试，它会返回：
Testing started at 2:48 PM ...
> Task :new-one:cleanTest
> Task :new-one:compileJava UP-TO-DATE
> Task :new-one:processResources NO-SOURCE
> Task :new-one:classes UP-TO-DATE
> Task :new-one:compileTestJava
> Task :new-one:processTestResources NO-SOURCE
> Task :new-one:testClasses
> Task :new-one:test FAILED
Sep 30, 2019 2:48:53 PM org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher handleThrowable
WARNING: TestEngine with ID 'junit-jupiter' failed to discover tests
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/platform/engine/support/discovery/SelectorResolver
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.JupiterTestEngine.discover(JupiterTestEngine.java:69)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discoverEngineRoot(DefaultLauncher.java:168)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discoverRoot(DefaultLauncher.java:155)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:128)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.processAllTestClasses(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:102)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.access$000(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:82)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.stop(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:78)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.stop(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:61)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.stop(Unknown Source)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.stop(TestWorker.java:132)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:567)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHubBackedObjectConnection$DispatchWrapper.dispatch(MessageHubBackedObjectConnection.java:175)
at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHubBackedObjectConnection$DispatchWrapper.dispatch(MessageHubBackedObjectConnection.java:157)
at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:404)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:63)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl$1.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:46)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:55)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:835)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.junit.platform.engine.support.discovery.SelectorResolver
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
... 33 more
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':new-one:test'.
> No tests found for given includes: [AbcTest.example](filter.includeTestsMatching)
* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.
* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org
BUILD FAILED in 5s
4 actionable tasks: 3 executed, 1 up-to-date
或者这个，如果我尝试使用测试运行器（在 build.gradle 中）运行所有测试
test
useJUnitPlatform()
org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.TestSuiteExecutionException: Could not complete execution for Gradle Test Executor 7.
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.stop(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:63)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:32)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:93)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.stop(Unknown Source)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.stop(TestWorker.java:132)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:35)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHubBackedObjectConnection$DispatchWrapper.dispatch(MessageHubBackedObjectConnection.java:175)
at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHubBackedObjectConnection$DispatchWrapper.dispatch(MessageHubBackedObjectConnection.java:157)
at org.gradle.internal.remote.internal.hub.MessageHub$Handler.run(MessageHub.java:404)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:63)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl$1.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:46)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.junit.platform.commons.util.PreconditionViolationException: Cannot create Launcher without at least one TestEngine; consider adding an engine implementation JAR to the classpath
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.Preconditions.condition(Preconditions.java:295)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.<init>(DefaultLauncher.java:58)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.LauncherFactory.create(LauncherFactory.java:91)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.LauncherFactory.create(LauncherFactory.java:67)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.processAllTestClasses(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:100)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.access$000(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:82)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.stop(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:78)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.stop(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:61)
... 25 more
我用：
IntelliJ 2019.2
Spring boot 2.1.8
JUnit 5.5.2
Gradle 5.6.2
Java 1.12
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：如https://github.com/junit-team/junit5-samples/blob/r5.5.2/junit5-jupiter-starter-gradle/build.gradle 所示，我建议将 Jupiter 依赖项定义为：
testImplementation('org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.5.2')
希望能解决问题。
【讨论】：
你是我的英雄。添加testImplementation('org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.5.2')后，这两个似乎是多余的，对吗？ testImplementation ("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:$junit" 和 testImplementation ("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:$junit").
是的，junit-jupiter 是一个聚合器，它引入了 api、engine 和 params。您需要的任何其他内容都必须明确列举。以上是关于如何在多模块项目中使用 JUnit5 和 SpringBoot2 通过 gradle 而不是 intelliJ 运行测试的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章