数据源的 Spring Boot 自动配置

Posted 2023-02-26

【中文标题】数据源的 Spring Boot 自动配置

【英文标题】：Spring Boot auto configuration for datasource

【发布时间】：2017-06-04 02:43:16

【问题描述】：

我尝试使用 Hibernate 5 和 Postgres 9 创建 Spring Boot 应用程序。现在出现下一个错误：

Parameter 0 of constructor in org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration required a bean of type 'javax.sql.DataSource' that could not be found.
    - Bean method 'dataSource' not loaded because @ConditionalOnProperty (spring.datasource.jndi-name) did not find property 'jndi-name'
    - Bean method 'dataSource' not loaded because @ConditionalOnBean (types: org.springframework.boot.jta.XADataSourceWrapper; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans

不过，我已经添加了 spring.datasource.* 属性：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/postgres
spring.datasource.username=postgres
spring.datasource.password=root

我的 pom.xml：

<properties>
    <hibernate.version>5.2.6.Final</hibernate.version>
    <spring.data.version>1.10.6.RELEASE</spring.data.version>
</properties>

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.version</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.version</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.version</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
        <version>$spring.data.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        <version>$hibernate.version</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.16.12</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
        <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
        <version>9.4.1212</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

报告：

=========================
AUTO-CONFIGURATION REPORT
=========================


Positive matches:
-----------------

AopAutoConfiguration matched:
- @ConditionalOnClass found required classes 'org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy', 'org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect', 'org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice' (OnClassCondition)
- @ConditionalOnProperty (spring.aop.auto=true) matched (OnPropertyCondition)

AopAutoConfiguration.JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration matched:
- @ConditionalOnProperty (spring.aop.proxy-target-class=false) matched (OnPropertyCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration matched:
- @ConditionalOnClass found required classes 'javax.sql.DataSource', 'org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType' (OnClassCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration#dataSourceInitializer matched:
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceInitializer; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration matched:
- @ConditionalOnClass found required classes 'org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate', 'org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager' (OnClassCondition)

DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.TransactionManagementConfiguration matched:
- @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)
...
DataSourceAutoConfiguration.EmbeddedDatabaseConfiguration:
Did not match:
- EmbeddedDataSource did not find embedded database (DataSourceAutoConfiguration.EmbeddedDatabaseCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration.PooledDataSourceConfiguration:
Did not match:
- AnyNestedCondition 0 matched 2 did not; NestedCondition on DataSourceAutoConfiguration.PooledDataSourceCondition.PooledDataSourceAvailable PooledDataSource did not find supported DataSource; NestedCondition on DataSourceAutoConfiguration.PooledDataSourceCondition.ExplicitType @ConditionalOnProperty (spring.datasource.type) did not find property 'type' (DataSourceAutoConfiguration.PooledDataSourceCondition)

DataSourceAutoConfiguration.TomcatDataSourceJmxConfiguration:
Did not match:
- @ConditionalOnClass did not find required class 'org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceProxy' (OnClassCondition)

DataSourcePoolMetadataProvidersConfiguration.CommonsDbcp2PoolDataSourceMetadataProviderConfiguration:
Did not match:
- @ConditionalOnClass did not find required class 'org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource' (OnClassCondition)

DataSourcePoolMetadataProvidersConfiguration.CommonsDbcpPoolDataSourceMetadataProviderConfiguration:
Did not match:
- @ConditionalOnClass did not find required class 'org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource' (OnClassCondition)

DataSourcePoolMetadataProvidersConfiguration.HikariPoolDataSourceMetadataProviderConfiguration:
Did not match:
- @ConditionalOnClass did not find required class 'com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource' (OnClassCondition)

DataSourcePoolMetadataProvidersConfiguration.TomcatDataSourcePoolMetadataProviderConfiguration:
Did not match:
- @ConditionalOnClass did not find required class 'org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource' (OnClassCondition)

DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.DataSourceTransactionManagerConfiguration:
Did not match:
- @ConditionalOnSingleCandidate (types: javax.sql.DataSource; SearchStrategy: all) did not find any beans (OnBeanCondition)

有什么想法吗？在大多数教程中，这一切都非常标准且非常简单，似乎我错过了一些小部分..

【问题讨论】：

你有mysql连接器依赖吗？

【参考方案1】：

您的类路径中缺少几个类（主要是与池相关的）。最简单的解决方案是使用 JPA 的 Spring boot starter，即：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

如果您这样做，您可以删除以下依赖项，因为它们都是启动器的一部分：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>$spring.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    <version>$spring.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
    <version>$spring.version</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
    <version>$spring.data.version</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
    <version>$hibernate.version</version>
</dependency>

另一种解决方案是手动将池提供程序添加到类路径中，spring-boot-starter-data-jpa 的默认值为 tomcat-jdbc（Hikari for Spring boot 2.x)，但您可以使用the documentation 中列出的任何您想要的连接池提供程序。

【参考方案2】：

上述解决方案可能有效，但在我的情况下，上述解决方案的 weblogic 11g 无法帮助我。所以附上这个解决方案，这样其他遇到这个问题的人就会发现它很有用。

解决方案：

在组件扫描类路径中添加 DataSource bean 配置将为 servlet 2.5 修复此问题，如 weblogic 10.3.6(11g)，如下所示

@Configuration
public class DBConfig

       @Bean
       public DataSource dataSource()
          DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
          dataSource.setDriverClassName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
          dataSource.setUrl("your url");
          dataSource.setUsername( "username" );
          dataSource.setPassword( "password" );
          return dataSource;