socket.gaierror: [Errno -2] 名称或服务未知| Python
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【中文标题】socket.gaierror: [Errno -2] 名称或服务未知| Python【英文标题】:socket.gaierror: [Errno -2] Name or service not known | Python 【发布时间】:2019-12-05 15:50:11 【问题描述】:我已经关闭了我的互联网连接,并希望在代码中捕获它。我设置了超时限制,但它不起作用。我收到一大堆错误消息,我不明白。
谁能帮助理解这些错误消息的含义?
我的python代码(简化):
import requests
from requests.exceptions import Timeout
url = 'https://api.github.com'
try:
resp = requests.get(url=url, timeout=7)
except Timeout:
print('The request timed out')
else:
entries = resp.json()
print(entries)
错误信息:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 141, in _new_conn
(self.host, self.port), self.timeout, **extra_kw)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/util/connection.py", line 60, in create_connection
for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, family, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
File "/usr/lib/python3.6/socket.py", line 745, in getaddrinfo
for res in _socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, family, type, proto, flags):
socket.gaierror: [Errno -2] Name or service not known
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 601, in urlopen
chunked=chunked)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 346, in _make_request
self._validate_conn(conn)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 852, in _validate_conn
conn.connect()
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 284, in connect
conn = self._new_conn()
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 150, in _new_conn
self, "Failed to establish a new connection: %s" % e)
urllib3.exceptions.NewConnectionError: <urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f1cea4779e8>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -2] Name or service not known
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 440, in send
timeout=timeout
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 639, in urlopen
_stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py", line 398, in increment
raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.github.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f1cea4779e8>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -2] Name or service not known',))
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 6, in <module>
resp = requests.get(url=url, timeout=7)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 72, in get
return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 58, in request
return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 520, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 630, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 508, in send
raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='api.github.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f1cea4779e8>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -2] Name or service not known',))
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:socket.gaierror: [Errno -2] Name or service not known
表示给定域 (api.github.com
) 的名称解析失败。
名称解析(通常概念中的 DNS)可能由于各种原因而失败。由于您断开了互联网,原因很明显(Name or service not known
)。
gai
(GetAddressInfo) 实际上被glibc
用于执行名称解析,它是glibc
的一部分(您可以想象到socket
正在使用它)。也可以在/etc/gai.conf
中实际配置。
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:一种可能的解决方案是使用OSError
捕获socket.gaioerror
文档信息:
socket.gaierror 异常
A subclass of OSError, this exception is raised for address-related errors by getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo(). The accompanying value is a pair (error, string) representing an error returned by a library call. string represents the description of error, as returned by the gai_strerror() C function. The numeric error value will match one of the EAI_* constants defined in this module.
链接: https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html#socket.gaierror
https://docs.python.org/3/library/exceptions.html#OSError
【讨论】:
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