如何解决 TypeError：'int' 和 'str' 的实例之间不支持'<'？

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】如何解决 TypeError：\'int\' 和 \'str\' 的实例之间不支持\'<\'？

【英文标题】：How do I resolve TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'int' and 'str'?如何解决 TypeError：'int' 和 'str' 的实例之间不支持'<'？

【发布时间】：2020-04-07 20:07:24

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用以下代码从以下链接训练 Keras-I3D 模型：

https://github.com/srijandas07/i3d。我稍微修改了代码，但我可以让它工作。

导入的模块是

import os
os.environ['KERAS_BACKEND'] = 'tensorflow'

os.environ["CUDA_DEVICE_ORDER"]="PCI_BUS_ID"   
os.environ["CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES"]="3" 

from keras.layers import Dense, Flatten, Dropout, Reshape
from keras import regularizers
from keras.preprocessing import image
from keras.models import Model, load_model
from keras.applications.vgg16 import preprocess_input
from keras.utils import to_categorical
from keras.optimizers import SGD
from i3d_inception import Inception_Inflated3d, conv3d_bn
from keras.callbacks import ReduceLROnPlateau, ModelCheckpoint, CSVLogger, Callback
from keras.utils import Sequence, multi_gpu_model

import random
import sys
from multiprocessing import cpu_count
import numpy as np
import glob
from skimage.io import imread
import cv2

一些定义

epochs = sys.argv[0]
#epochs = 17
model_name = sys.argv[0]
#model_name = model_name
version = sys.argv[0]
num_classes = 35
batch_size = 16
stack_size = 64
DataLoader_video_train = DataLoader_video_train
DataLoader_video_test = DataLoader_video_test

class CustomModelCheckpoint(Callback):

    def __init__(self, model_parallel, path):

        super(CustomModelCheckpoint, self).__init__()

        self.save_model = model_parallel
        self.path = path
        self.nb_epoch = 0

    def on_epoch_end(self, epoch, logs=None):
        self.nb_epoch += 1
        self.save_model.save(self.path + str(self.nb_epoch) + '.hdf5')


i3d = i3d_modified(weights = 'rgb_imagenet_and_kinetics')
model = i3d.i3d_flattened(num_classes = num_classes)
optim = SGD(lr = 0.01, momentum = 0.9)

reduce_lr = ReduceLROnPlateau(monitor='val_loss', factor = 0.1, patience = 10)
csvlogger = CSVLogger('i3d_'+model_name+'.csv')

model.compile(loss = 'categorical_crossentropy', optimizer = optim, metrics = ['accuracy'])

model_checkpoint = CustomModelCheckpoint(model, './weights_'+model_name+'/epoch_')    

train_generator = DataLoader_video_train('/train_CS.txt',version, batch_size = batch_size)
test_generator = DataLoader_video_test('/test_CS.txt', version, batch_size = batch_size)

适配生成器

model.fit_generator(
    generator = train_generator,
    #validation_data=val_generator,
    epochs = epochs, 
    steps_per_epoch = 17, 
    callbacks = [csvlogger, reduce_lr, model_checkpoint], 
    max_queue_size = 48,
    workers = cpu_count() - 2,
    use_multiprocessing = True,
)

print(model.evaluate_generator(generator = test_generator))

我收到以下错误

runfile('D:/Clones/i3d-master/i3d_train.py', wdir='D:/Clones/i3d-master')
Reloaded modules: i3d_inception
C:\Users\sancy\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\training_generator.py:47: UserWarning: Using a generator with `use_multiprocessing=True` and multiple workers may duplicate your data. Please consider using the`keras.utils.Sequence class.
  UserWarning('Using a generator with `use_multiprocessing=True`'
Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<ipython-input-8-8f7b9cc152d8>", line 1, in <module>
    runfile('D:/Clones/i3d-master/i3d_train.py', wdir='D:/Clones/i3d-master')

  File "C:\Users\sancy\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 827, in runfile
    execfile(filename, namespace)

  File "C:\Users\sancy\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\spyder_kernels\customize\spydercustomize.py", line 110, in execfile
    exec(compile(f.read(), filename, 'exec'), namespace)

  File "D:/Clones/i3d-master/i3d_train.py", line 108, in <module>
    use_multiprocessing = True,

  File "C:\Users\sancy\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\keras\legacy\interfaces.py", line 91, in wrapper
    return func(*args, **kwargs)

  File "C:\Users\sancy\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\training.py", line 1418, in fit_generator
    initial_epoch=initial_epoch)

  File "C:\Users\sancy\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\training_generator.py", line 174, in fit_generator
    while epoch < epochs:

TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'int' and 'str'

我做错了什么？ epoch < epochs 是什么意思？

Windows 10 蟒蛇 3.7.1 间谍：3.7

【问题讨论】：

也许可以尝试：epochs = int(sys.argv[0]) 否则它可能被分配为 str 类型，这在您的进一步代码中不起作用。

当我这样做时得到了这个错误。 epochs = int(sys.argv[0]) ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'D:/Clones/i3d-master/i3d_train.py'

您应该使用sys.argv[1] 而不是sys.argv[0]，因为sys.argv[0] 始终是脚本名称。如果您有更多选项，那么您将需要[2]、[3] 等。请参阅print( sys.argv ) 和print( len(sys.argv) )。但为此使用模块argparse 可能更安全。

谢谢！当我使用sys.argv[1] 时，我得到了这个File "D:/Clones/i3d-master/i3d_train.py", line 27, in <module> epochs = sys.argv[1] IndexError: list index out of range。我会尝试使用argparse

这能回答你的问题吗？ Python function error : '<' not supported between types 'str' and 'int'

【参考方案1】：

你是如何运行代码的？查看 Github repo，它需要 3 个参数

i3d_train.py

epochs = int(sys.argv[1])
model_name = sys.argv[2]
version = sys.argv[3]

finetune.sh

export PATH=/home/sdas/anaconda2/bin:$PATH
module load cuda/8.0 cudnn/5.1-cuda-8.0 opencv/3.4.1
mkdir -p weights_$2
python ./i3d_train.py $1 $2 $3

在终端上，你应该像这样运行它

python ./i3d_train.py <epochs> <model_name> <version>

【讨论】：

我的错。谢谢。

【参考方案2】：

这也可能由于以下链接中引用的兼容性问题而发生。

在初始化优化器时，您应该使用learning_rate 而不是lr。这解决了我的错误。

https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/fcc4b966f1265f466e82617020af93670141b009/tensorflow/python/keras/optimizer_v2/adam.py#L362-L363