flutter - bloc - 我如何在我的 Ui 中使用 FutureBuilder 来正确实现 Bloc 架构
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【中文标题】flutter - bloc - 我如何在我的 Ui 中使用 FutureBuilder 来正确实现 Bloc 架构【英文标题】:flutter - bloc - how can I use FutureBuilder in my Ui to properly implement Bloc Architecture 【发布时间】:2019-08-22 06:16:03 【问题描述】:我是 Flutter 和 Bloc 架构的新手,我正在尝试将 Bloc 用于我的登录功能。我正在尝试调用 Bloc 文件中的函数,但我不知道该怎么做。如果您能帮我看看我在使用 Bloc 时是否还有其他问题,我也会很高兴。 这是我的 Ui 的代码:
MaterialButton(
color: Colors.deepPurple,
minWidth: screenAwareSize(500, context),
onPressed: ()
_submitForm(authBloc, user, pass);
,
void _submitForm(AuthBloc authBloc, String user, String pass) async
formKey.currentState.save();
if (formKey.currentState.validate())
var response = await authBloc.login(user, pass);
//when I print(response) it shows null
这是我的集团课程:
class AuthBloc extends MainBloc
final Repo _repo = Repo();
PublishSubject<Future<UserModel>> _authController = new PublishSubject<Future<UserModel>>();
Observable<Future<UserModel>> get auth => _authController.stream;
login(String user, String pass) async
Future<UserModel> item = await _repo.login(user, pass);
_authController.sink.add(item);
dispose()
_authController.close();
AuthBloc authBloc = new AuthBloc();
这是我的 API 类:
class API
Future<UserModel> login(String user, String pass) async
var response =
await client.get(base_url + "login.php?user=$user&pass=$pass");
return UserModel.fromJSON(json.decode(response.body));
这是我的回购类:
class Repo
final API api = new API();
login(String user, String pass) async => await api.login(user, pass);
【问题讨论】:
var response = await authBloc.login(user, pass);
将为 null,因为 bloc.login
方法是动态类型,并且您不会返回任何内容
【参考方案1】:
我将首先尝试解释哪些 BLOC 组件应该尽可能简短(并且尽可能简单)。
UI 屏幕 - 显然向用户显示数据 BLOC(或 ViewModel)- 决定如何向用户显示数据,是否将文本加粗,是否显示错误,是否转到下一个屏幕。 Repo - 决定向用户显示哪些数据(我们是否显示来自 db 的内容,是否从 API 获取内容,是否显示红色产品?)根据您的应用程序的功能,您也可以拥有其他组件,例如:
网络 - 执行 API 请求并将响应转换为模型,这应该只能从 repos 访问,并且该组件应该做的唯一事情是从 repo 接收数据(标题、正文、url)并将数据返回到 repo模型的形式(可以查看下面的代码)。 数据库 - 对数据库执行 CRUD 操作,同样只能从 repo 访问。 传感器 - 从本地传感器读取数据,同样只能从 repo 访问。现在,我建议也将 BLOC 模式与依赖注入一起使用,没有它是没有用的。使用 DI,您可以模拟所有组件直到 UI,并且很容易对所有代码进行单元测试。
另外,我认为将 RxDart(库)与 Streams/Future(RxDart 库的 dart 等效项)混合是没有意义的。首先,我建议只使用其中一个,根据您的代码 sn-p,我建议更好地了解如何整体使用 Rx。
所以,下面有一个小代码 sn-p,说明我将如何使用块模式进行登录(最好也检查代码 cmets :))。
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:http/http.dart' as http;
class TheUIScreen extends StatefulWidget
@override
_TheUIScreenState createState() => _TheUIScreenState();
class _TheUIScreenState extends State<TheUIScreen>
//TODO: for repo, block, networking, we used dependecy injection, here we have to create and init all the dependecies;
TheAuthBlock _block;
@override
void initState()
super.initState();
TheAuthAPI api = TheAuthAPI();
TheAuthRepo repo =
TheAuthRepo(theAuthAPI: api); // we could also do repo = TheAuthRepo();
_block =
TheAuthBlock(repo: repo); // we could also do _block = TheAuthBlock();
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context)
return Container(
child: RaisedButton(onPressed: ()
_block.loginUser("test", "test").then((actualUser)
Navigator.of(context).push(MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context)
return TestRoute(); // or do whatever action you need, the user is logged in
));
).catchError((error)
//show error, something went wrong at login;
);
),
);
class TheAuthBlock
final TheAuthRepo repo;
TheAuthBlock(this.repo = const TheAuthRepo());
Future<UserModel> loginUser(String email, String password)
return repo.login(email, password).then((userModel)
//TODO: here we decide HOW to display the user, you might want to transfor the UserModel into a model that's used only for UI.
//In any way, here you should do all the processing, the UI only should only display the data, not manipulate it.
);
class TheAuthRepo
final TheAuthAPI theAuthAPI;
const TheAuthRepo(
this.theAuthAPI =
const TheAuthAPI()); // THIS would be the default constructor but it will alow us to test it using unit tests.
Future<UserModel> login(String email, String password)
//TODO: here you could also check if the user is already logged in and send the current user as a response
if (email.isNotEmpty && password.isNotEmpty)
return theAuthAPI.login(email, password).then((userModel)
//TODO: you can do extra processing here before returning the data to the block;
);
else
return Future.error(
"Well you can't login with empty ddata"); // TODO: you can return differetn errors for email or pwd;
class TheAuthAPI
final String url;
const TheAuthAPI(this.url = "https://my.cool.api/login");
Future<UserModel> login(String email, String pwd)
// TODO: note you return a future from this method since the login will return only once (like almost all http calls)
Map<String, String> headers = Map(); // TODO: set any headers you need here
Map<String, String> body =
"email": email,
"pwd": pwd
; // TODO: change the body acordingly
return http.post("THE URL", headers: headers, body: body).then((response)
//TODO: parse response here and return it
return UserModel("test",
"test"); // this should be generated from the response not like this
);
class UserModel
final String email;
UserModel(this.email, this.pass);
final String pass;
【讨论】:
Answer 是对 bloc 模式的一个很好的概述。但问题是关于如何使用futurebuilder,与bloc模式相关以上是关于flutter - bloc - 我如何在我的 Ui 中使用 FutureBuilder 来正确实现 Bloc 架构的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章