如何在服务器端验证 Google reCAPTCHA v3?

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【中文标题】如何在服务器端验证 Google reCAPTCHA v3?【英文标题】:How to validate Google reCAPTCHA v3 on server side? 【发布时间】:2015-02-01 03:50:09 【问题描述】:

我刚刚使用复选框设置了新的 google recaptcha,它在前端工作正常,但是我不知道如何使用 php 在服务器端处理它。我尝试使用下面的旧代码,但即使验证码无效,也会发送表单。

require_once('recaptchalib.php');
$privatekey = "my key";
$resp = recaptcha_check_answer ($privatekey,
        $_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"],
        $_POST["recaptcha_challenge_field"],
        $_POST["recaptcha_response_field"]);

if (!$resp->is_valid) 
 $errCapt='<p style="color:#D6012C ">The CAPTCHA Code wasnot entered correctly.</p>';

【问题讨论】:

检查是否已填写。if( strlen($_POST['recaptcha_challenge_field']) &gt; 0) 感谢您的回复,但请您提供更多详细信息... 我刚刚在联系表单上实现了这一点。我建议使用新的 Google 提供的 recaptchalib.php 以及他们在此链接上的示例:github.com/google/ReCAPTCHA/tree/master/php 谢谢你,但很抱歉我还不明白,我有两个文件contact.html和contact.php,第一个调用第二个,在第一个我放了以下内容:在 : 但在contact.php中我不知道我应该放什么?? 【参考方案1】:

私钥安全

虽然这里的答案肯定有效,但他们正在使用GET 请求,该请求会公开您的私钥(即使使用了https)。在Google Developers 上,指定的方法是POST

更多细节:https://***.com/a/323286/1680919

通过 POST 验证

function isValid() 

    try 

        $url = 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify';
        $data = ['secret'   => '[YOUR SECRET KEY]',
                 'response' => $_POST['g-recaptcha-response'],
                 'remoteip' => $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']];
                 
        $options = [
            'http' => [
                'header'  => "Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n",
                'method'  => 'POST',
                'content' => http_build_query($data) 
            ]
        ];
    
        $context  = stream_context_create($options);
        $result = file_get_contents($url, false, $context);
        return json_decode($result)->success;
    
    catch (Exception $e) 
        return null;
    

数组语法:我使用“新”数组语法([] 而不是 array(..))。如果您的 php 版本尚不支持此功能,则必须相应地编辑这 3 个数组定义(请参阅注释)。

返回值: 如果用户有效,此函数返回true,如果无效,则返回false,如果发生错误,则返回null。例如,您可以通过编写 if (isValid()) ...

来使用它

【讨论】:

如果您需要旧数组语法,请将$data = ...$options = ... 声明更改为:$data = array('secret' =&gt; '[YOUR SECRET KEY]', 'response' =&gt; $_POST['g-recaptcha-response'], 'remoteip' =&gt; $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']); $options = array( 'http' =&gt; array( 'header' =&gt; "Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n", 'method' =&gt; 'POST', 'content' =&gt; http_build_query($data) ) ); 您可以将请求保存到服务器并提前保释:if (empty($_POST['g-recaptcha-response'])) return false; https url实际上是加密的,所以即使使用GET请求也不会暴露私钥,请参阅:***.com/questions/499591/are-https-urls-encrypted 请注意,出于调试目的,您只能调用一次isValid()。如果第二次调用,它将返回 false。用 echo 语句很难发现这一点...... 没有使用的函数抛出异常,因此 trycatch() 毫无意义【参考方案2】:

这是解决方案

index.html

<html>
  <head>
    <title>Google recapcha demo - Codeforgeek</title>
    <script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js'></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Google reCAPTHA Demo</h1>
    <form id="comment_form" action="form.php" method="post">
      <input type="email" placeholder="Type your email" size="40"><br><br>
      <textarea name="comment" rows="8" cols="39"></textarea><br><br>
      <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Post comment"><br><br>
      <div class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="=== Your site key ==="></div>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

验证.php

<?php
    $email; $comment; $captcha;

    if(isset($_POST['email']))
        $email=$_POST['email'];
    if(isset($_POST['comment']))
        $comment=$_POST['comment'];
    if(isset($_POST['g-recaptcha-response']))
        $captcha=$_POST['g-recaptcha-response'];

    if(!$captcha)
        echo '<h2>Please check the the captcha form.</h2>';
        exit;
    

    $response = json_decode(file_get_contents("https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify?secret=YOUR SECRET KEY&response=".$captcha."&remoteip=".$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']), true);
    if($response['success'] == false)
    
        echo '<h2>You are spammer ! Get the @$%K out</h2>';
    
    else
    
        echo '<h2>Thanks for posting comment.</h2>';
    
?>

http://codeforgeek.com/2014/12/google-recaptcha-tutorial/

【讨论】:

reCAPTCHA 表单字段值直接连接到验证 URL。攻击者可以使用它在验证请求中注入任意表单参数,从而可能绕过 CAPTCHA。要解决此问题,请像这样清理验证码变量:urlencode($captcha) 此代码未编码可被攻击者用来破坏您的代码的参数。 数据应按照指定的in the docs 发布。此代码使用 GET 方法。我会选择Levit's answer 的变体。 对我来说效果很好。除了表单行(在 index.html 中):action="form.php",它应该是action="verify.php" 此代码适用于我的共享主机而不适用于 VPS 服务器。是否有任何与服务器相关的要求?【参考方案3】:

我不喜欢任何这些解决方案。我改用这个:

$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, [
    'secret' => $privatekey,
    'response' => $_POST['g-recaptcha-response'],
    'remoteip' => $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']
]);

$resp = json_decode(curl_exec($ch));
curl_close($ch);

if ($resp->success) 
    // Success
 else 
    // failure

我认为这是优越的,因为您确保它被发布到服务器并且它不会进行尴尬的“file_get_contents”调用。这与此处描述的 recaptcha 2.0 兼容:https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/verify

我觉得这个更清洁。我看到大多数解决方案都是 file_get_contents,当我觉得 curl 就足够了。

【讨论】:

如果由于 php.ini 中禁用了“allow_url_fopen”而无法使用 file_get_contents(),这是一个很好的解决方案。为我工作。 +1。 简单明了,按照谷歌的要求使用POST【参考方案4】:

简单且最佳的解决方案如下。index.html

<form action="submit.php" method="POST">
   <input type="text" name="name" value="" />
   <input type="text" name="email" value="" />
   <textarea type="text" name="message"></textarea>
   <div class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="Insert Your Site Key"></div>
   <input type="submit" name="submit" value="SUBMIT">
</form>

提交.php

<?php
if(isset($_POST['submit']) && !empty($_POST['submit']))
  if(isset($_POST['g-recaptcha-response']) && !empty($_POST['g-recaptcha-response']))
    //your site secret key
    $secret = 'InsertSiteSecretKey';
    //get verify response data
    $verifyResponse = file_get_contents('https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify?secret='.$secret.'&response='.$_POST['g-recaptcha-response']);
    $responseData = json_decode($verifyResponse);
    if($responseData->success)
        //contact form submission code goes here

        $succMsg = 'Your contact request have submitted successfully.';
    else
        $errMsg = 'Robot verification failed, please try again.';
    
  else
    $errMsg = 'Please click on the reCAPTCHA box.';
  

?>

我从这里找到了这个参考和完整的教程 - Using new Google reCAPTCHA with PHP

【讨论】:

【参考方案5】:

我喜欢 Levit 的回答并最终使用了它。但我只是想指出,以防万一,有一个用于新 reCAPTCHA 的官方 Google PHP 库:https://github.com/google/recaptcha

最新版本(现在是 1.1.2)支持 Composer,并包含一个示例,您可以运行该示例来查看您是否已正确配置所有内容。

您可以在下面看到这个官方库附带的部分示例(为了清楚起见,我做了一些小的修改):

// Make the call to verify the response and also pass the user's IP address
    $resp = $recaptcha->verify($_POST['g-recaptcha-response'], $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);

    if ($resp->isSuccess()) 
// If the response is a success, that's it!
        ?>
        <h2>Success!</h2>
        <p>That's it. Everything is working. Go integrate this into your real project.</p>
        <p><a href="/">Try again</a></p>
        <?php
     else 
// If it's not successful, then one or more error codes will be returned.
        ?>
        <h2>Something went wrong</h2>
        <p>The following error was returned: <?php
            foreach ($resp->getErrorCodes() as $code) 
                echo '<tt>' , $code , '</tt> ';
            
            ?></p>
        <p>Check the error code reference at <tt><a href="https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/verify#error-code-reference">https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/verify#error-code-reference</a></tt>.
        <p><strong>Note:</strong> Error code <tt>missing-input-response</tt> may mean the user just didn't complete the reCAPTCHA.</p>
        <p><a href="/">Try again</a></p>
    <?php
    

希望对某人有所帮助。

【讨论】:

【参考方案6】:

在上面的例子中。对我来说,这 if($response.success==false) 的东西不起作用。这是正确的 PHP 代码:

$url = 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify';
$privatekey = "--your_key--";
$response = file_get_contents($url."?secret=".$privatekey."&response=".$_POST['g-recaptcha-response']."&remoteip=".$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
$data = json_decode($response);

if (isset($data->success) AND $data->success==true) 
            // everything is ok!
 else 
            // spam

【讨论】:

这是因为您没有将true 作为第二个参数传递给json_decode。默认情况下,json_decode 返回一个对象 (jsOn),但传递 true 将允许它返回一个数组。 “在上面的示例中...” 请注意,StackExchange 平台根据投票排名对答案进行排序。上面的例子显然不是你所指的那个。【参考方案7】:

使用 PHP 在服务器端进行验证。您需要考虑两件最重要的事情。

1. $_POST['g-recaptcha-response']

2.$secretKey = '6LeycSQTAAAAAMM3AeG62pBslQZwBTwCbzeKt06V';

$verifydata = file_get_contents('https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify?secret='.$secretKey.'&response='.$_POST['g-recaptcha-response']);
        $response= json_decode($verifydata);

如果你得到 $verifydata true你完成了。 欲了解更多信息,请查看此 Google reCaptcha Using PHP | Only 2 Step Integration

【讨论】:

【参考方案8】:

它与 mattgen88 类似,但我只是修复了 CURLOPT_HEADER,并重新定义了数组以使其在 domain.com 主机服务器中工作。这个在我的 xampp localhost 上不起作用。那些小错误却花了很长时间才弄清楚。此代码已在 domain.com 托管上进行了测试。

   $privatekey = 'your google captcha private key';

    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify");
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 'Content-Type: application/json');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); 
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, array(
        'secret' => $privatekey,
        'response' => $_POST['g-recaptcha-response'],
        'remoteip' => $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']
    )
               );

    $resp = json_decode(curl_exec($ch));
    curl_close($ch);

    if ($resp->success) 
        // Success
        echo 'captcha';
     else 
        // failure
        echo 'no captcha';
    

【讨论】:

【参考方案9】:

这里有一个简单的例子。请记住从 google api 提供 secretKey 和 siteKey。

<?php
$siteKey = 'Provide element from google';
$secretKey = 'Provide element from google';

if($_POST['submit'])
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $responseKey = $_POST['g-recaptcha-response'];
    $userIP = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
    $url = "https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify?secret=$secretKey&response=$responseKey&remoteip=$userIP";
    $response = file_get_contents($url);
    $response = json_decode($response);
    if($response->success)
        echo "Verification is correct. Your name is $username";
     else 
        echo "Verification failed";
    
 ?>

<html>
<meta>
    <title>Google ReCaptcha</title>
</meta>
<body>
    <form action="index.php" method="post">
        <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Write your name"/>
        <div class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="<?= $siteKey ?>"></div>
        <input type="submit" name="submit" value="send"/>
    </form>
    <script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js'></script>
</body>

【讨论】:

【参考方案10】:

Source Tutorial Link

Google reCAPTCHA

V2

第 1 步 - 转至 Google reCAPTCHA

登录然后获取Site KeySecret Key

第 2 步 - 下载 PHP 代码 here 并在您的服务器上上传 src 文件夹。

第 3 步 - 在 form.php

中使用以下代码

        <head>
            <title>FreakyJolly.com Google reCAPTCHA EXAMPLE form</title>
            <script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js'></script>
        </head>

        <body>
            <?php

            require('src/autoload.php');

            $siteKey = '6LegPmIUAAAAADLwDmXXXXXXXyZAJVJXXXjN';
            $secret = '6LegPmIUAAAAAO3ZTXXXXXXXXJwQ66ngJ7AlP';

            $recaptcha = new \ReCaptcha\ReCaptcha($secret);

            $gRecaptchaResponse = $_POST['g-recaptcha-response']; //google captcha post data
            $remoteIp = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; //to get user's ip

            $recaptchaErrors = ''; // blank varible to store error

            $resp = $recaptcha->verify($gRecaptchaResponse, $remoteIp); //method to verify captcha
            if ($resp->isSuccess()) 

               /******** 

                Add code to create User here when form submission is successful

               *****/

             else 

                /****

                // This variable will have error when reCAPTCHA is not entered correctly.

                ****/

               $recaptchaErrors = $resp->getErrorCodes(); 
            


            ?>
                <form autcomplete="off" class="form-createuser" name="create_user_form" action="" method="post">
                    <div class="panel periodic-login">
                        <div class="panel-body text-center">
                            <div class="form-group form-animate-text" style="margin-top:40px !important;">
                                <input type="text" autcomplete="off" class="form-text" name="new_user_name" required="">
                                <span class="bar"></span>
                                <label>Username</label>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group form-animate-text" style="margin-top:40px !important;">
                                <input type="text" autcomplete="off" class="form-text" name="new_phone_number" required="">
                                <span class="bar"></span>
                                <label>Phone</label>
                            </div>
                            <div class="form-group form-animate-text" style="margin-top:40px !important;">
                                <input type="password" autcomplete="off" class="form-text" name="new_user_password" required="">
                                <span class="bar"></span>
                                <label>Password</label>
                            </div>
                            <?php 
                                    if(isset($recaptchaErrors[0]))
                                        print('Error in Submitting Form. Please Enter reCAPTCHA AGAIN');
                                    
                              ?>
                            <div class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="6LegPmIUAAAAADLwDmmVmXXXXXXXXXXXXXXjN"></div>
                            <input type="submit" class="btn col-md-12" value="Create User">
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </form>
        </body>

        </html>

【讨论】:

【参考方案11】:

针对@mattgen88的回答,这里有一个排列更好的CURL方法:

   //$secret= 'your google captcha private key';
    $curl = curl_init();
    curl_setopt_array($curl, array(
        CURLOPT_URL             => "https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify",
        CURLOPT_HEADER          => "Content-Type: application/json",
        CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER  => true,
        CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER  => FALSE, // to disable ssl verifiction set to false else true
        //CURLOPT_ENCODING      => "",
        CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS       => 10,
        CURLOPT_TIMEOUT         => 30,
        CURLOPT_HTTP_VERSION    => CURL_HTTP_VERSION_1_1,
        CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST   => "POST",
        CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS      => array(
            'secret' => $secret,
            'response' => $_POST['g-recaptcha-response'],
            'remoteip' => $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']
        )
    ));

    $response = json_decode(curl_exec($curl));
    $err = curl_error($curl);

    curl_close($curl);

    if ($response->success) 
        echo 'captcha';
     
    else if ($err)
        echo $err;
       
    else 
        echo 'no captcha';
    

【讨论】:

【参考方案12】:

查看以下示例

<script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js'></script>
<script>

function get_action(form) 

    var v = grecaptcha.getResponse();
    if(v.length == 0)
    
        document.getElementById('captcha').innerHTML="You can't leave Captcha Code empty";
        return false;
    
    else
    
         document.getElementById('captcha').innerHTML="Captcha completed";
        return true; 
    


</script>
<form autocomplete="off" method="post" action=submit.php">

    <input type="text" name="name">
    <input type="text" name="email">
    <div class="g-recaptcha" id="rcaptcha"  data-sitekey="site key"></div>
    <span id="captcha" style="color:red" /></span> <!-- this will show captcha errors -->
    <input type="submit" id="sbtBrn" value="Submit" name="sbt" class="btn btn-info contactBtn" />
</form>

【讨论】:

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