为啥 GCC 交叉编译器找不到所有库？
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【中文标题】为啥 GCC 交叉编译器找不到所有库？【英文标题】：Why can't GCC cross compiler find all libraries?为什么 GCC 交叉编译器找不到所有库？ 【发布时间】：2016-07-28 06:56:12 【问题描述】：为什么它在库搜索路径中查找libgcc，而不是crt*.o 库（在下面的第二个代码块中向下滚动）？另外，为什么它在 sysroot 下的 /lib 和 /usr/lib 中查找，而不在 sysroot 下的 /tmptools/lib 中查找（这是我真正希望它查看的唯一路径）？这是交叉编译器的配置方式：
../binutils-2.26/configure --prefix="$LFS_CROSSTOOLCHAIN" --build=$LFS_BUILD_ARCH --host=$LFS_BUILD_ARCH --target=$LFS_TARGET_ARCH --with-lib-path="/tmptools/lib" --disable-multilib --disable-multiarch --disable-rpath --disable-nls --with-sysroot="$LFS_SYSROOT"
../gcc-6.1.0/configure --prefix="$LFS_CROSSTOOLCHAIN" --build=$LFS_BUILD_ARCH --host=$LFS_BUILD_ARCH --target=$LFS_TARGET_ARCH --disable-bootstrap --with-newlib --without-headers --with-local-prefix="/tmptools" --with-native-system-header-dir="/tmptools/include" --with-lib-path="/tmptools/lib" --disable-multilib --disable-multiarch --disable-rpath --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-nls --with-sysroot="$LFS_SYSROOT"
LFS_CROSSTOOLCHAIN=/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools 和 LFS_SYSROOT=/home/main/lfs/3/root 的位置。
这是示例输出：
$ 3/crosstools/bin/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu-gcc -print-sysroot
/home/main/lfs/3/root
$ 3/crosstools/bin/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu-ld -print-sysroot
/home/main/lfs/3/root
$ 3/crosstools/bin/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu-gcc -Wl,--verbose test.c
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.26.20160125
Supported emulations:
elf_x86_64
elf32_x86_64
elf_i386
elf_iamcu
i386linux
elf_l1om
elf_k1om
using internal linker script:
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OUTPUT_ARCH(i386:x86-64)
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SEARCH_DIR("=/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib64"); SEARCH_DIR("/tmptools/lib"); SEARCH_DIR("=/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib");
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==================================================
attempt to open crt1.o failed
attempt to open crti.o failed
attempt to open crtbegin.o failed
attempt to open /tmp/ccLVBgXQ.o succeeded
/tmp/ccLVBgXQ.o
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libgcc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libgcc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libgcc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libgcc.a succeeded
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/usr/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/usr/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib64/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib64/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /tmptools/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /tmptools/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/usr/lib/libc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/usr/lib/libc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib64/libc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib64/libc.a failed
attempt to open /tmptools/lib/libc.so failed
attempt to open /tmptools/lib/libc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libgcc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libgcc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libgcc.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libgcc.a succeeded
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/usr/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/usr/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib64/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib64/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /tmptools/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /tmptools/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.so failed
attempt to open /home/main/lfs/3/root/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/libgcc_s.a failed
attempt to open crtend.o failed
attempt to open crtn.o failed
/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find crt1.o: No such file or directory
/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find crti.o: No such file or directory
/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find crtbegin.o: No such file or directory
/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find -lc
/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find crtend.o: No such file or directory
/home/main/lfs/3/crosstools/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/6.1.0/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find crtn.o: No such file or directory
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
【问题讨论】：
也许--with-lib-path 出于某种原因没有完成它的工作？尝试手动设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH。
如果您的意思是为编译命令设置它，那并没有改变任何东西。我还以为只是在运行时改变了动态库路径？
【参考方案1】：
当我为交叉编译 ARM 构建 GCC 工具链时，我使用了this helpful tutorial。您看到的错误类似于跳过这些命令时发生的错误：
make -j4 csu/subdir_lib
install csu/crt1.o csu/crti.o csu/crtn.o /opt/cross/aarch64-linux/lib
这是用于向交叉编译器提供 GLIBC 标头的一系列命令的一部分。
mkdir -p build-glibc
cd build-glibc
../glibc-2.20/configure --prefix=/opt/cross/aarch64-linux --build=$MACHTYPE
--host=aarch64-linux --target=aarch64-linux \
--with-headers=/opt/cross/aarch64-linux/include \
--disable-multilib libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes
make install-bootstrap-headers=yes install-headers
make -j4 csu/subdir_lib
install csu/crt1.o csu/crti.o csu/crtn.o /opt/cross/aarch64-linux/lib \
aarch64-linux-gcc -nostdlib -nostartfiles -shared -x c /dev/null -o \
/opt/cross/aarch64-linux/lib/libc.so
touch /opt/cross/aarch64-linux/include/gnu/stubs.h
cd ..
尚不清楚 GLIBC 标头是否已在您的 sysroot 目录中，但我会首先检查以确保这些文件存在。如果您没有以其他方式获取 GLIBC 标头，则可能需要构建它们。
【讨论】：
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