使用netlink的ipv6本地地址

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】使用netlink的ipv6本地地址

【英文标题】：ipv6 local address using netlink

【发布时间】：2016-09-22 13:39:57

【问题描述】：

我使用 netlink 编写 C 代码来获取有关 ip 路由表的信息并检测给定接口的新 ip 地址。 使用 IPv4，我可以使用“IFA_LOCAL”过滤本地地址。 但是使用 IPv6，我无法获得本地地址。即使对于本地地址，rta_type 也永远不会等于 'IFA_LOCAL'。

使用的代码如下：

int main(void)

    struct 
        struct nlmsghdr hdr;
        struct ifaddrmsg msg;
     req;
    struct sockaddr_nl addr;
    int sock[2];

    memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
    memset(&req, 0, sizeof(req));

    if ((sock[0] = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE)) == -1) 
        CWMP_LOG(ERROR,"couldn't open NETLINK_ROUTE socket");
        return -1;
    

    addr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
    addr.nl_groups = RTMGRP_IPV6_IFADDR;// |RTMGRP_IPV6_IFADDR;
    if ((bind(sock[0], (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&addr, sizeof(addr))) == -1) 
        CWMP_LOG(ERROR,"couldn't bind netlink socket");
        return -1;
    

    netlink_event.fd = sock[0];
    if ((sock[1] = socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_DGRAM, NETLINK_ROUTE)) == -1) 
        CWMP_LOG(ERROR,"couldn't open NETLINK_ROUTE socket");
        return -1;
    

    req.hdr.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct ifaddrmsg));
    req.hdr.nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_ROOT;
    req.hdr.nlmsg_type = RTM_GETADDR;
    req.msg.ifa_family = AF_INET6;

    if ((send(sock[1], &req, req.hdr.nlmsg_len, 0)) == -1) 
        CWMP_LOG(ERROR,"couldn't send netlink socket");
        return -1;
    

    struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
    char buffer[BUFSIZ];
    int msg_size;

    memset(&buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));

    nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)buffer;
    if ((msg_size = recv(sock[1], nlh, BUFSIZ, 0)) == -1) 
        CWMP_LOG(ERROR,"error receiving netlink message");
        return;
    

    while (msg_size > sizeof(*nlh)) 
        int len = nlh->nlmsg_len;
        int req_len = len - sizeof(*nlh);

        if (req_len < 0 || len > msg_size) 
            CWMP_LOG(ERROR,"error reading netlink message");
            return;
        

        if (!NLMSG_OK(nlh, msg_size)) 
            CWMP_LOG(ERROR,"netlink message is not NLMSG_OK");
            return;
        

        if (nlh->nlmsg_type == RTM_NEWADDR) 
            printf("new addr \n");
            struct ifaddrmsg *ifa = (struct ifaddrmsg *) NLMSG_DATA(nlh);
            struct rtattr *rth = IFA_RTA(ifa);
            int rtl = IFA_PAYLOAD(nlh);
            char if_name[IFNAMSIZ], if_addr[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
            char *c;
            struct in6_addr *in6p;

            memset(&if_name, 0, sizeof(if_name));
            memset(&if_addr, 0, sizeof(if_addr));

            while (rtl && RTA_OK(rth, rtl)) 
                printf("rth->rta_type %d \n", rth->rta_type);
                in6p = (struct in6_addr *)RTA_DATA(rth);
                printf("addr1: " NIP6_FMT "\n",NIP6(*in6p));
                if (rth->rta_type != IFA_LOCAL) 
                    printf("########NOT IFA_LOCAL ############\n");
                    rth = RTA_NEXT(rth, rtl);
                    continue;
                
                printf("======IFA_LOCAL======\n");
                rth = RTA_NEXT(rth, rtl);                   
            
           
        msg_size -= NLMSG_ALIGN(len);
        nlh = (struct nlmsghdr*)((char*)nlh + NLMSG_ALIGN(len));
    
    return 0;

并且执行的痕迹如下： rth->rta_type 6 地址1：0000:0e0e:0000:1c1e:0031:15c7:0031:15c7

##NOT IFA_LOCAL

新地址 rth->rta_type 1 addr1: fd59:ca3e:bd63:0000:0222:07ff:fe41:b9d6

##NOT IFA_LOCAL

rth->rta_type 6 addr1: 0000:068c:0000:1ba4:0030:e60b:0030:e60b

##NOT IFA_LOCAL

新地址 rth->rta_type 1 addr1: 2001:1338:000a:0000:0000:0000:0000:0196

##NOT IFA_LOCAL

rth->rta_type 6 addr1: ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:0005:a828:0005:a828

##NOT IFA_LOCAL

新地址 rth->rta_type 1 地址1：fe80:0000:0000:0000:0222:07ff:fe41:b9d6

##NOT IFA_LOCAL

rth->rta_type 6 addr1: ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:0005:a826:0005:a826

##NOT IFA_LOCAL

新地址 rth->rta_type 1 地址1：fe80:0000:0000:0000:0222:07ff:fe41:b9d7

##NOT IFA_LOCAL

【问题讨论】：

如果您正在寻找链接本地地址，只需用/10 屏蔽地址，然后将其与fe80::/10 进行比较。如果匹配，则它是一个链接本地地址。

这不是我真正想要的。

你在找什么？

如果我给你看一下ipv4结果可能会更清楚：

好的，但也许你可以定义 IFA_LOCAL 的含义。

【参考方案1】：

尝试查找“IFA_ADDRESS”。对于广播接口，IFA_LOCAL 和 IFA_ADDRESS 含义相同。这是来自内核 if_addr.h 的代码 sn-p。

/*
 * Important comment:
 * IFA_ADDRESS is prefix address, rather than local interface address.
 * It makes no difference for normally configured broadcast interfaces,
 * but for point-to-point IFA_ADDRESS is DESTINATION address,
 * local address is supplied in IFA_LOCAL attribute.
 */
enum 
    IFA_UNSPEC,
    IFA_ADDRESS,
    IFA_LOCAL,
    IFA_LABEL,
    IFA_BROADCAST,
    IFA_ANYCAST,
    IFA_CACHEINFO,
    IFA_MULTICAST,
    __IFA_MAX,
;

对于 inet6 RTM_GETADDR 请求，内核以 IFA_ADDRESS (addrconf.c:inet6_fill_ifaddr()) 响应：-

nla_put(skb, IFA_ADDRESS, 16, &ifa->addr)