C 和调试中的 Abort Trap 6 错误
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】C 和调试中的 Abort Trap 6 错误【英文标题】：Abort Trap 6 error in C and debugging 【发布时间】：2015-11-11 03:51:58 【问题描述】：大家好，我的代码已经完成，当我尝试运行时，我收到“abort trap 6”错误。我不知道这个错误是什么以及如何找出我的代码在哪里出错。对 c 来说相对较新，所以感谢你和我在一起。这是我的代码：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#define HASH_MULTIPLIER 65599
int htsize;
struct NodeType
char *str;
int count;
struct NodeType *next;
;
typedef struct NodeType Node;
/*Function prototypes*/
char *lowercase(char *str);
Node **ht_create(void);
unsigned int hash(const char *str);
int ht_insert(Node **Table, char *word);
void ht_print(Node **Table);
void ht_destroy(Node **Table);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
int n = 0; // current number of strings
char *line = NULL; // line buffer argument to getline()
size_t length = 0; // buffer size argument to getline()
char *token; // token returned by strtok()
char *delim = " .,;:!\"?\n"; // delimiter characters for strtok()
char *word;
Node** Table;
if (argc <= 1)
printf("ERROR: Usage: %s table_size\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
htsize = atoi(argv[1]);
Table = ht_create();
while (1)
if (getline(&line, &length, stdin) == -1) // read next line
break; // exit loop when no more lines
token = strtok(line, delim); // extract next token from line
while (token != NULL)
word = lowercase(token); // store in word a copy of the token in lower-case
ht_insert(Table, word); // insert word into table
token = strtok(NULL, delim); // extract next token
n++;
ht_print(Table);
ht_destroy(Table);
return 0;
/* returns an integer for place in Table*/
unsigned int hash(const char *string)
int i;
unsigned int h = 0U;
for (i = 0; string[i] != '\0'; i++)
h = h * HASH_MULTIPLIER + (unsigned char) string[i];
return h % htsize;
/* creates a heap-allocated hash table with htsize buckets */
Node **ht_create(void)
Node** Table;
Table = (Node**)malloc(sizeof(Node*)); //allocates memory for size of Table
Table[0] = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)); //allocates memory for bucket
if (Table == NULL)
fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed.\n"); //exits program if Table is empty
exit(0);
int i = 0; //initialize int i
for (i = 0; i <= htsize; i++) //for loop to create htsize buckets
Table[i] = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)); //allocates memory for each bucket
Table[i] -> count = 0; //initilizes count
Table[i] -> str = " "; //initializes str to empty string
Table[i] -> next = NULL; //initializes next
return Table; //returns hash table
/* inserts word into heap allocated hash table*/
int ht_insert(Node **Table, char *word)
int index = hash(word); //runs hash function to create index for entry
Node* entry = Table[index]; //creates nodetype "entry" = the index of the table
//previosuly set
Node* temp = entry; //sets temp nodetype = to entry
if (entry == NULL) //if the index is empty run body
Node* newEntry = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)); //allocates memory for the new entry for testing
if (newEntry == NULL) //if new entry is empty jump to error
fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed at insert\n");
return 0;
newEntry -> next = NULL; //if passed, set next to NULL
newEntry -> str = word; //make str = word
if (newEntry -> str == NULL) //if the word is empty print error
fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed at insert\n");
return 0;
//strcpy(newEntry -> str, word); //if passed, copy word
newEntry -> count = 1; //set count to 1 to make sure the word entered is atleast 1
Table[index] = newEntry; //the bucket at i = to new entry
return 1;
while (entry != NULL) //if word is already inside of a the table run body
//if ((entry -> str = strdup(word)) == 0)
if (strcmp(entry -> str, word) == 0) //if word is same as word at current i bucket
entry -> count++; //add count by 1
return 1;
temp = entry; //set temp = entry
entry = entry -> next; //go to next entry in linked list
Node* newEntry = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)); //allocates memory for new entry
if (newEntry == NULL) // if new entry is empty jump to error
fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed at insert\n");
return 0;
newEntry -> next = NULL; //set next for new entry = null
newEntry -> str = word; //set new entry str = word
if (newEntry -> str == NULL) //if new entry str is null jump to error
fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed at insert\n");
return 0;
newEntry -> str = strdup(word); //
strncpy(newEntry -> str, word, strlen(word) - 1);
newEntry -> count = 1;
temp -> next = newEntry;
return 1;
/* prints heap allocated hash table */
void ht_print(Node **Table)
int i = 0; //initialize i = 0
Node* entry; //nodetype entry
for (i = 0; i < htsize; i++) //for loop to run through each bucket
entry = Table[i]; //entry = ith bucket
printf("HT[%d]: ", i); //print ith bucket name
while (entry != NULL) //while there is information in a bucket
if (entry -> count != 0 && strcmp(entry -> str, " ") > 0) //if there is an entry and its not an empty string
printf(" [%s , %d]", entry -> str, entry -> count); //print str and count
entry = entry -> next; //move on to next bucket
printf("\n");
/* destroys heap allocated hash table */
void ht_destroy(Node **Table)
int i = 0; //initialize i = 0
Node* entry; //nodetype entry
Node* temp; //nodetype temp
for (i = 0; i < htsize; i++) //for loop to run through each bucket
entry = Table[i]; //entry = ith bucket
temp = entry; //temp = entry = ith bucket
while (entry != NULL) //while entry is not empty: body statement
if (strcmp(entry -> str, " ") > 0) //if str is not an empty string
temp = entry -> next; //temp = next bucket
free(entry -> str); //free memory for str in entry
free(entry); //free up memory for entry
entry = temp; //entry is temp (next bucket)
free(*Table); //Free table
free(Table); //free table
/*Convert string str to lower-case */
char *lowercase(char *str)
char *word, *ptr;
if ( (word = strdup(str)) != NULL)
for (ptr = word; *ptr != '\0'; ptr++)
*ptr = tolower(*ptr);
return word;
代码是用来接收一个文本文件，特别是这个：
Little Boy Blue,
Come blow your horn,
The sheep's in the meadow,
The cow's in the corn;
Where is that boy
Who looks after the sheep?
Under the haystack
Fast asleep.
Will you wake him?
Oh no, not I,
For if I do
He will surely cry.
输出
HT[0]: [i? , -264221488] [under , 1] [oh , 1] [surely , 1]
HT[1]: [i? , -264221360] [that , 1]
HT[2]: [i? , -264221232] [horn , 1] [meadow , 1] [is , 1] [fast , 1] [asleep , 1]
HT[3]: [i? , -264221104] [cow's , 1] [corn , 1] [who , 1] [him , 1] [for , 1] [if , 1] [do , 1]
HT[4]: [i? , -264220976] [sheep's , 1] [where , 1] [no , 1] [not , 1]
HT[5]: [wake , 1] [cry , 1]
HT[6]:
HT[7]:
HT[8]: [under , 1] [oh , 1] [surely , 1]
HT[9]: [blue , 1] [blow , 1] [looks , 1]
HT[10]:
HT[11]: [your , 1] [in , 2]
HT[12]: [that , 1]
HT[13]: [little , 1] [haystack , 1] [i , 2]
HT[14]: [will , 2]
HT[15]:
HT[16]: [horn , 1] [meadow , 1] [is , 1] [fast , 1] [asleep , 1]
HT[17]: [sheep , 1]
HT[18]: [you , 1]
HT[19]: [come , 1] [the , 6]
HT[20]: [cow's , 1] [corn , 1] [who , 1] [him , 1] [for , 1] [if , 1] [do , 1]
HT[21]: [after , 1]
HT[22]: [boy , 2] [he , 1]
正确的输出
HT[0]: [under, 1] [oh, 1]
HT[1]: [that, 1]
HT[2]: [meadow, 1]
HT[3]: [cow's, 1] [for, 1] [if, 1]
HT[4]: [sheep's, 1] [where, 1] [no, 1] [not, 1]
HT[5]: [wake, 1] [cry, 1]
HT[6]:
HT[7]:
HT[8]: [surely, 1]
HT[9]: [blue, 1] [blow, 1] [looks, 1]
HT[10]:
HT[11]: [your, 1] [in, 2]
HT[12]:
HT[13]: [little, 1] [haystack, 1] [i, 2]
HT[14]: [will, 2]
HT[15]:
HT[16]: [horn, 1] [is, 1] [fast, 1] [asleep, 1]
HT[17]: [sheep, 1]
HT[18]: [you, 1]
HT[19]: [come, 1] [the, 6]
HT[20]: [corn, 1] [who, 1] [him, 1] [do, 1]
HT[21]: [after, 1]
HT[22]: [boy, 2] [he, 1]
我在使用 xcode 和 gdb 的 mac 上，但我不确定如何检查它在哪里中断。任何帮助将不胜感激。
谢谢
【问题讨论】：
在调试器中运行你的程序。它会在这里显示一个错误：newEntry -> word = word; strncpy(newEntry -> word, word, strlen(word) - 1);，你想在那里做什么？ strncpy 的 dest 和 src 参数似乎是相同的指针值。这是特别禁止的。 strncpy 手册页说：“字符串不能重叠”。真的不清楚你想在那里实现什么。
0) Table = ht_create(); 需要htsize = atoi(argv[1]);之后
@kaylum 感谢您的回复，我试图将有问题的字符串复制到我的节点结构的单词部分，也许我错了，但现在读回来似乎我尝试了两次？函数insert试图将当前字符串插入哈希表“Table”
1) free(entry -> word); 在字面量无法释放的情况下。 (Table[i] -> word = " ";)
您不能只使用赋值运算符复制字符串，因为您的main 对每个输入行使用相同的line 缓冲区。如果您使用分配，那么所有节点都将指向相同的缓冲区空间。您可能希望在Node 结构中静态分配一个固定大小的数组，然后使用strncpy 或使用strdup 分配动态内存。另外，请注意 BLUEPIXY 的评论。您在解析 htsize 之前调用了 ht_create，但前者需要后者。
【参考方案1】：
EDIT1：在 ht_create() 函数中完成，将 Table 数组元素初始化为初始帖子中遗漏的 NULL。EDIT2： 完成以更新修改后的 ht_print( ) 和 ht_destroy() 函数。
Node **ht_create(void)
Node** Table;
// Allocating array (of size htsize) of Node pointers
Table = (Node**)malloc(htsize * sizeof(Node*)); <-- NOTE: Change done here, used htsize for allocation
//Table[0] = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)); <-- NOTE: Commented this line, stray code, Table[0] will be allocated in for() loop
if (Table == NULL)
fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed.\n"); //exits program if Table is empty
exit(0);
// NOTE: Code added for Table[i] NULL initialization
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < htsize; i++)
Table[i] = NULL;
return Table;
int ht_insert(Node **Table, char *word)
int index = hash(word);
Node* entry = Table[index];
Node *temp;
if (entry == NULL)
// First entry at Table[index]
Node* newEntry = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
if (newEntry == NULL)
fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed at insert\n");
return 0;
newEntry->word = strdup(word); <-- NOTE: Change here to use strdup()
if (newEntry->word == NULL)
fprintf(stderr, "strdup() failed at insert\n");
free(newEntry);
return 0;
newEntry->count = 1;
newEntry->next = NULL;
Table[index] = newEntry;
return 1;
// Go to the end of list at Table[index]
// Also check if input word is same as one existing entry in the list at Table[index], if yes, increase repeat count for the word
while (NULL != entry)
// Check if input word is same as word stored in current node
if (0 == strcmp(word, entry->word))
entry->count++;
return 1;
temp = entry;
entry = entry->next;
// New entry in the list at Table[index]
Node* newEntry = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
if (newEntry == NULL)
fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed at insert\n");
return 0;
newEntry->word = strdup(word);
if (newEntry->word == NULL)
fprintf(stderr, "strdup() failed at insert\n");
free(newEntry);
return 0;
newEntry->count = 1;
newEntry->next = NULL;
temp->next = newEntry;
return 1;
/* prints heap allocated hash table */
void ht_print(Node **Table)
int i = 0; //initialize i = 0
Node* entry; //nodetype entry
for (i = 0; i < htsize; i++) //for loop to run through each bucket
entry = Table[i]; //entry = ith bucket
printf("HT[%d]: ", i); //print ith bucket name
while (entry != NULL) //while there is information in a bucket
if (entry->word != NULL) //if there is an entry and its not an empty string
printf(" [%s , %d]", entry->word, entry -> count); //print str and count
entry = entry -> next; //move on to next bucket
printf("\n");
/* destroys heap allocated hash table */
void ht_destroy(Node **Table)
int i = 0; //initialize i = 0
Node* entry; //nodetype entry
Node* temp; //nodetype temp
for (i = 0; i < htsize; i++) //for loop to run through each bucket
entry = Table[i]; //entry = ith bucket
temp = entry; //temp = entry = ith bucket
while (entry != NULL) //while entry is not empty: body statement
temp = entry -> next; //temp = next bucket
if (entry -> word != NULL) //if str is not an empty string
free(entry -> word); //free memory for str in entry
free(entry); //free up memory for entry
entry = temp; //entry is temp (next bucket)
free(Table); //free table
【讨论】：
嘿伙计，感谢您的帮助已输入您发送的内容并收到分段错误 11 错误。我对上面的代码进行了一些更改，最后得到了一个不知道出了什么问题的输出。 我之前没有编译和测试代码。发现在 ht_create() 中遗漏了 Table[i] NULL 初始化。为此编辑了帖子。希望这对您有所帮助。 ht_destroy() 有 free(*Table) 错误，更新后的帖子修改了 ht_destroy() 和 ht_print() 函数。 我的帖子仍在结构节点中使用“word”成员（根据您最初发布的原始代码）。您现在已将其修改为“str”名称。因此，您可能需要搜索和替换它。谢谢。 非常感谢，我真的被卡住了，它现在可以正常工作了！以上是关于C 和调试中的 Abort Trap 6 错误的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
Xcode 自动升级到8.21后坑-Abort trap: 6
Xcode8 pod install 报错 “Generating Pods project Abort trap