OpenCV中的分段错误

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【中文标题】OpenCV中的分段错误【英文标题】:Segmentation Fault in OpenCV 【发布时间】:2020-08-14 02:32:20 【问题描述】:

我最近开始使用 C++ 做一些图像处理的东西,并面临分割错误的问题。希望有人能帮我弄清楚发生了什么?谢谢!!问题是下面附加的代码可以正常工作,但是如果我的“vector roi_corners(4);”的声明改为“vector roi_corners;”然后使用“push_back()”和“clear()”更新向量,它会得到分段错误。谁能帮我澄清这个问题的原因?谢谢!!

OpenCV 版本:4.4.0

MacOS 版本:10.14.5

可行的代码

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>  

#define PI 3.14159265
#define WINDOW "Image Correction"

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

vector< Point2f> roi_corners(4); 
vector< Point2f> dst_corners(4); 
Mat img1;
Mat cache;
int roi_id;

void On_mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*);


int main(int argc, char const *argv[])

    
    //import image
    roi_id = 0;
    img1 = imread("Board.jpg");
    if ( img1.empty() )
    
        cerr << "Please Import an Image!!" << endl;
    
    int factor = 60;//for pixel adjustment
    cache = img1.clone();//copy for retake points
    imshow(WINDOW, img1);
    
    
    /*Run the point taking procedure*/
    while(true)
     setMouseCallback(WINDOW, On_mouse, 0);
     char c = (char)waitKey( 10 );
     if(c=='n') break;//press 'n' when determine the four point you want 
     if(c=='e') roi_id=0; img1 = cache.clone(); //press 'e' to retake the foru point

    
    

    /*For adjustment point estimation*/
    dst_corners[0].x = roi_corners[0].x;
    dst_corners[0].y = roi_corners[0].y;
    dst_corners[1].x = roi_corners[0].x+factor*1;
    dst_corners[1].y = roi_corners[0].y;
    dst_corners[2].x = roi_corners[0].x+factor*1;
    dst_corners[2].y = roi_corners[0].y+factor*1;
    dst_corners[3].x = roi_corners[0].x;
    dst_corners[3].y = roi_corners[0].y+factor*1;

    Mat M = getPerspectiveTransform(roi_corners, dst_corners);
    Mat warped_image;
    

    /*Print the corrected picture*/
    Size sz = cache.size();
    warpPerspective(cache, warped_image, M, Size(sz.width, sz.height)); // do perspective transformation
    imshow("Corrected Image", warped_image);
    waitKey(0);
    cout<<"complete"<<endl;
    return 0;



void On_mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*)
   imshow(WINDOW, img1);
    if(roi_id<4)
        if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)
            roi_corners[roi_id].x=x; 
            roi_corners[roi_id].y=y;
            cout<<"The Point You Take is: "<<x<<' '<<y<<endl;
            roi_id++;
            circle(img1, Point(x,y), 2, Scalar(0, 0, 255), LINE_8 ,0);
            imshow(WINDOW, img1);
        

    


如果我这样修改代码,它会显示段错误

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>  

#define PI 3.14159265
#define WINDOW "Image Correction"

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

vector< Point2f> roi_corners; 
vector< Point2f> dst_corners; 
Mat img1;
Mat cache;


void On_mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*);


int main(int argc, char const *argv[])

    
    //import image
    roi_id = 0;
    img1 = imread("Board.jpg");
    if ( img1.empty() )
    
        cerr << "Please Import an Image!!" << endl;
    
    int factor = 60;//for pixel adjustment
    cache = img1.clone();//copy for retake points
    imshow(WINDOW, img1);
    
    
    /*Run the point taking procedure*/
    while(true)
     setMouseCallback(WINDOW, On_mouse, 0);
     char c = (char)waitKey( 10 );
     if(c=='n') break;//press 'n' when determine the four point you want 
     if(c=='e') roi_corner.clear(); img1 = cache.clone(); //press 'e' to retake the foru point

    
    

    /*For adjustment point estimation*/
    dst_corners[0].x = roi_corners[0].x;
    dst_corners[0].y = roi_corners[0].y;
    dst_corners[1].x = roi_corners[0].x+factor*1;
    dst_corners[1].y = roi_corners[0].y;
    dst_corners[2].x = roi_corners[0].x+factor*1;
    dst_corners[2].y = roi_corners[0].y+factor*1;
    dst_corners[3].x = roi_corners[0].x;
    dst_corners[3].y = roi_corners[0].y+factor*1;

    Mat M = getPerspectiveTransform(roi_corners, dst_corners);
    Mat warped_image;
    

    /*Print the corrected picture*/
    Size sz = cache.size();
    warpPerspective(cache, warped_image, M, Size(sz.width, sz.height)); // do perspective transformation
    imshow("Corrected Image", warped_image);
    waitKey(0);
    cout<<"complete"<<endl;
    return 0;



void On_mouse(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*)
   imshow(WINDOW, img1);
    if(roi_corners.size()<4)
        if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN)
            roi_corners.push_back(Point2f(x,y)); 
            cout<<"The Point You Take is: "<<x<<' '<<y<<endl;
            circle(img1, Point(x,y), 2, Scalar(0, 0, 255), LINE_8 ,0);
            imshow(WINDOW, img1);
        

    


【问题讨论】:

您发布了工作代码,但我想如果您发布不起作用的代码,修复错误会变得更容易。 感谢您的建议,我发布了我的错误版本,发现导致段错误的原因是我不应该在没有尺寸声明的情况下离开我的 dst_corner 哈哈... 【参考方案1】:

与您的代码有关的几件事。您声明了一个包含 4 个元素的向量,但不对其进行初始化。根据您的平台和数据类型,您可能会看到不良行为。尝试在同一行声明和初始化你的向量:

std::vector<cv::Point2f> roi_corners( 4, cv::Point2f(0.0, 0.0) );

当然,如果你用初始容量(size)和初始值声明向量,你可以使用std::vector&lt;&gt;::operator[]索引每个元素:

roi_corners[0] = cv::Point2f( 1.0, 2.0 );
roi_corners[1] = cv::Point2f( 3.0, 4.0 );
roi_corners[2] = cv::Point2f( 5.0, 6.0 );
roi_corners[3] = cv::Point2f( 7.0, 8.0 );

通过使用初始大小声明向量,您分配了内存,这些内存将用于storeload 向量的各个元素。现在,假设您没有使用初始大小声明向量并使用push_back 随时添加元素:

//vector declaration with no initial size:
std::vector<cv::Point2f> roi_corners;

//store a new element into the vector:
roi_corners.push_back( cv::Point2f(1.0, 2.0) );

太棒了,您的向量已经存储了一个新元素,并且只显示了一项的容量。但是,您仍然这样做:

roi_corners[0] = cv::Point2f( 1.0, 2.0 ); // data overwrite in position 0
roi_corners[1] = cv::Point2f( 3.0, 4.0 ); // you haven't allocated memory for this yet!

Result: seg fault

推论:如果您有一个大小为N 的预定义向量,您可以通过std::vector&lt;&gt;::operator[] 对从0N 的元素进行索引,因为已分配内存来保存所有N 元素。如果您尝试处理超出此范围的元素,您将收到seg fault

【讨论】:

感谢您的回答,我知道原因了!这是我的小错误!!你也能帮我弄清楚我的另一个问题吗?谢谢!![链接]***.com/questions/63351431/… @StevenYen 别担心,伙计,我们是来学习的。不错的低音,顺便说一句。 谢谢哈!!如果你有空,你能帮我找出我的另一个段错误问题吗?非常感谢!

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