查询在具有本地表的原始数据库中运行，但在表迁移到 SQL Server 时不运行 - 错误：“定义的字段过多”
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【中文标题】查询在具有本地表的原始数据库中运行，但在表迁移到 SQL Server 时不运行 - 错误：“定义的字段过多”【英文标题】：Query runs in original DB with local tables but not when tables migrated to SQL Server - Error: "Too many fields defined" 【发布时间】：2013-05-30 00:44:54 【问题描述】：我正在通过 SQL Server 迁移助手 (SSMA) 将 Access 数据库中的表迁移到 SQL Server。我遇到了一个奇怪的查询，它在原始版本的数据库中成功运行，使用本地表，但在迁移的数据库中没有，链接表链接到 SQL Server 后端数据库。
在迁移的数据库中，当我尝试运行查询时，我收到一条错误消息：“定义的字段太多”。
我的问题是：为什么这个查询应该使用本地表运行，但由于链接表的字段太多而失败？
查询明确列出了字段，它不使用 SELECT *。根据我的统计，查询中有 69 个字段，尽管其中有几个是计算字段，每个基础表中总计有 14 个字段。
我读过的一篇论坛帖子here 建议 Access 计算加入查询的表或查询中的基础字段。那是对的吗？如果是这样，这可能是问题的原因，因为迁移过程会将 SSMA_TimeStamp 列添加到迁移的表中。如果这是问题所在，有人知道解决方法吗？将一些计算字段拆分到另一个查询中并从该新查询中读取是否有效？
这是查询：
SELECT maininfo.id,
department.deptgroup,
department.deptgrp_desc,
department.dept_code,
department.dept_name,
logs_id_plan.dcpickdate,
maininfo.instore_date,
maininfo.dc_delivery,
Iif([idtotal] = 0, [totalsingleqty] * 0.7, [idtotal]) AS
[ID Estimate Qty],
[s1_total] + [s2_total] + [s3_total] + [s4_total]
+ [s5_total] + [s6_total] + [s7_total] + [s8_total]
+ [s9_total] + [s10_total] + [s11_total]
+ [s12_total] + [s13_total] + [s14_total] AS TotalSingleQty,
Nz([idpacka], 0) + Nz([idpackb], 0) AS IDTotal,
[totalapacks] * [ppa_total_ratio] AS IDPackA,
[totalbpacks] * [ppb_total_ratio] AS IDPackB,
[totalaa] + [totalab] + [totalac] + [totalad]
+ [totalae] AS TotalAPacks,
[totalba] + [totalbb] + [totalbc] + [totalbd]
+ [totalbe] AS TotalBPacks,
[gradeaqty] * [pa_qty_a] AS TotalAA,
[gradebqty] * [pa_qty_b] AS TotalAB,
[gradecqty] * [pa_qty_c] AS TotalAC,
[gradedqty] * [pa_qty_d] AS TotalAD,
[gradeeqty] * [pa_qty_e] AS TotalAE,
[gradebqty] * [pb_qty_a] AS TotalBA,
[gradebqty] * [pb_qty_b] AS TotalBB,
[gradecqty] * [pb_qty_c] AS TotalBC,
[gradedqty] * [pb_qty_d] AS TotalBD,
[gradeeqty] * [pb_qty_e] AS TotalBE,
[pac1_total] + [pac2_total] + [pac3_total]
+ [pac4_total] + [pac5_total] + [pac6_total]
+ [pac7_total] + [pac8_total] + [pac9_total]
+ [pac10_total] AS PPA_Total_Ratio,
[pbc1_total] + [pbc2_total] + [pbc3_total]
+ [pbc4_total] + [pbc5_total] + [pbc6_total]
+ [pbc7_total] + [pbc8_total] + [pbc9_total]
+ [pbc10_total] AS PPB_Total_Ratio,
[ppac1s1] + [ppac1s2] + [ppac1s3] + [ppac1s4]
+ [ppac1s5] + [ppac1s6] + [ppac1s7] + [ppac1s8]
+ [ppac1s9] + [ppac1s10] + [ppac1s11] + [ppac1s12]
+ [ppac1s13] + [ppac1s14] AS PAC1_Total,
[ppac2s1] + [ppac2s2] + [ppac2s3] + [ppac2s4]
+ [ppac2s5] + [ppac2s6] + [ppac2s7] + [ppac2s8]
+ [ppac2s9] + [ppac2s10] + [ppac2s11] + [ppac2s12]
+ [ppac2s13] + [ppac2s14] AS PAC2_Total,
[ppac3s1] + [ppac3s2] + [ppac3s3] + [ppac3s4]
+ [ppac3s5] + [ppac3s6] + [ppac3s7] + [ppac3s8]
+ [ppac3s9] + [ppac3s10] + [ppac3s11] + [ppac3s12]
+ [ppac3s13] + [ppac3s14] AS PAC3_Total,
[ppac4s1] + [ppac4s2] + [ppac4s3] + [ppac4s4]
+ [ppac4s5] + [ppac4s6] + [ppac4s7] + [ppac4s8]
+ [ppac4s9] + [ppac4s10] + [ppac4s11] + [ppac4s12]
+ [ppac4s13] + [ppac4s14] AS PAC4_Total,
[ppac5s1] + [ppac5s2] + [ppac5s3] + [ppac5s4]
+ [ppac5s5] + [ppac5s6] + [ppac5s7] + [ppac5s8]
+ [ppac5s9] + [ppac5s10] + [ppac5s11] + [ppac5s12]
+ [ppac5s13] + [ppac5s14] AS PAC5_Total,
[ppac6s1] + [ppac6s2] + [ppac6s3] + [ppac6s4]
+ [ppac6s5] + [ppac6s6] + [ppac6s7] + [ppac6s8]
+ [ppac6s9] + [ppac6s10] + [ppac6s11] + [ppac6s12]
+ [ppac6s13] + [ppac6s14] AS PAC6_Total,
[ppac7s1] + [ppac7s2] + [ppac7s3] + [ppac7s4]
+ [ppac7s5] + [ppac7s6] + [ppac7s7] + [ppac7s8]
+ [ppac7s9] + [ppac7s10] + [ppac7s11] + [ppac7s12]
+ [ppac7s13] + [ppac7s14] AS PAC7_Total,
[ppac8s1] + [ppac8s2] + [ppac8s3] + [ppac8s4]
+ [ppac8s5] + [ppac8s6] + [ppac8s7] + [ppac8s8]
+ [ppac8s9] + [ppac8s10] + [ppac8s11] + [ppac8s12]
+ [ppac8s13] + [ppac8s14] AS PAC8_Total,
[ppac9s1] + [ppac9s2] + [ppac9s3] + [ppac9s4]
+ [ppac9s5] + [ppac9s6] + [ppac9s7] + [ppac9s8]
+ [ppac9s9] + [ppac9s10] + [ppac9s11] + [ppac9s12]
+ [ppac9s13] + [ppac9s14] AS PAC9_Total,
[ppac10s1] + [ppac10s2] + [ppac10s3] + [ppac10s4]
+ [ppac10s5] + [ppac10s6] + [ppac10s7] + [ppac10s8]
+ [ppac10s9] + [ppac10s10] + [ppac10s11]
+ [ppac10s12] + [ppac10s13] + [ppac10s14] AS PAC10_Total,
[ppbc1s1] + [ppbc1s2] + [ppbc1s3] + [ppbc1s4]
+ [ppbc1s5] + [ppbc1s6] + [ppbc1s7] + [ppbc1s8]
+ [ppbc1s9] + [ppbc1s10] + [ppbc1s11] + [ppbc1s12]
+ [ppbc1s13] + [ppbc1s14] AS PBC1_Total,
[ppbc2s1] + [ppbc2s2] + [ppbc2s3] + [ppbc2s4]
+ [ppbc2s5] + [ppbc2s6] + [ppbc2s7] + [ppbc2s8]
+ [ppbc2s9] + [ppbc2s10] + [ppbc2s11] + [ppbc2s12]
+ [ppbc2s13] + [ppbc2s14] AS PBC2_Total,
[ppbc3s1] + [ppbc3s2] + [ppbc3s3] + [ppbc3s4]
+ [ppbc3s5] + [ppbc3s6] + [ppbc3s7] + [ppbc3s8]
+ [ppbc3s9] + [ppbc3s10] + [ppbc3s11] + [ppbc3s12]
+ [ppbc3s13] + [ppbc3s14] AS PBC3_Total,
[ppbc4s1] + [ppbc4s2] + [ppbc4s3] + [ppbc4s4]
+ [ppbc4s5] + [ppbc4s6] + [ppbc4s7] + [ppbc4s8]
+ [ppbc4s9] + [ppbc4s10] + [ppbc4s11] + [ppbc4s12]
+ [ppbc4s13] + [ppbc4s14] AS PBC4_Total,
[ppbc5s1] + [ppbc5s2] + [ppbc5s3] + [ppbc5s4]
+ [ppbc5s5] + [ppbc5s6] + [ppbc5s7] + [ppbc5s8]
+ [ppbc5s9] + [ppbc5s10] + [ppbc5s11] + [ppbc5s12]
+ [ppbc5s13] + [ppbc5s14] AS PBC5_Total,
[ppbc6s1] + [ppbc6s2] + [ppbc6s3] + [ppbc6s4]
+ [ppbc6s5] + [ppbc6s6] + [ppbc6s7] + [ppbc6s8]
+ [ppbc6s9] + [ppbc6s10] + [ppbc6s11] + [ppbc6s12]
+ [ppbc6s13] + [ppbc6s14] AS PBC6_Total,
[ppbc7s1] + [ppbc7s2] + [ppbc7s3] + [ppbc7s4]
+ [ppbc7s5] + [ppbc7s6] + [ppbc7s7] + [ppbc7s8]
+ [ppbc7s9] + [ppbc7s10] + [ppbc7s11] + [ppbc7s12]
+ [ppbc7s13] + [ppbc7s14] AS PBC7_Total,
[ppbc8s1] + [ppbc8s2] + [ppbc8s3] + [ppbc8s4]
+ [ppbc8s5] + [ppbc8s6] + [ppbc8s7] + [ppbc8s8]
+ [ppbc8s9] + [ppbc8s10] + [ppbc8s11] + [ppbc8s12]
+ [ppbc8s13] + [ppbc8s14] AS PBC8_Total,
[ppbc9s1] + [ppbc9s2] + [ppbc9s3] + [ppbc9s4]
+ [ppbc9s5] + [ppbc9s6] + [ppbc9s7] + [ppbc9s8]
+ [ppbc9s9] + [ppbc9s10] + [ppbc9s11] + [ppbc9s12]
+ [ppbc9s13] + [ppbc9s14] AS PBC9_Total,
[ppbc10s1] + [ppbc10s2] + [ppbc10s3] + [ppbc10s4]
+ [ppbc10s5] + [ppbc10s6] + [ppbc10s7] + [ppbc10s8]
+ [ppbc10s9] + [ppbc10s10] + [ppbc10s11]
+ [ppbc10s12] + [ppbc10s13] + [ppbc10s14] AS PBC10_Total,
[totalaa] + [totalba] AS ID_AStores,
[totalab] + [totalbb] AS ID_BStores,
[totalac] + [totalbc] AS ID_CStores,
[totalad] + [totalbd] AS ID_DStores,
[totalae] + [totalbe] AS ID_EStores,
[c1s1] + [c2s1] + [c3s1] + [c4s1] + [c5s1] + [c6s1]
+ [c7s1] + [c8s1] + [c9s1] + [c10s1] AS S1_Total,
[c1s2] + [c2s2] + [c3s2] + [c4s2] + [c5s2] + [c6s2]
+ [c7s2] + [c8s2] + [c9s2] + [c10s2] AS S2_Total,
[c1s3] + [c2s3] + [c3s3] + [c4s3] + [c5s3] + [c6s3]
+ [c7s3] + [c8s3] + [c9s3] + [c10s3] AS S3_Total,
[c1s4] + [c2s4] + [c3s4] + [c4s4] + [c5s4] + [c6s4]
+ [c7s4] + [c8s4] + [c9s4] + [c10s4] AS S4_Total,
[c1s5] + [c2s5] + [c3s5] + [c4s5] + [c5s5] + [c6s5]
+ [c7s5] + [c8s5] + [c9s5] + [c10s5] AS S5_Total,
[c1s6] + [c2s6] + [c3s6] + [c4s6] + [c5s6] + [c6s6]
+ [c7s6] + [c8s6] + [c9s6] + [c10s6] AS S6_Total,
[c1s7] + [c2s7] + [c3s7] + [c4s7] + [c5s7] + [c6s7]
+ [c7s7] + [c8s7] + [c9s7] + [c10s7] AS S7_Total,
[c1s8] + [c2s8] + [c3s8] + [c4s8] + [c5s8] + [c6s8]
+ [c7s8] + [c8s8] + [c9s8] + [c10s8] AS S8_Total,
[c1s9] + [c2s9] + [c3s9] + [c4s9] + [c5s9] + [c6s9]
+ [c7s9] + [c8s9] + [c9s9] + [c10s9] AS S9_Total,
[c1s10] + [c2s10] + [c3s10] + [c4s10] + [c5s10]
+ [c6s10] + [c7s10] + [c8s10] + [c9s10] + [c10s10] AS S10_Total,
[c1s11] + [c2s11] + [c3s11] + [c4s11] + [c5s11]
+ [c6s11] + [c7s11] + [c8s11] + [c9s11] + [c10s11] AS S11_Total,
[c1s12] + [c2s12] + [c3s12] + [c4s12] + [c5s12]
+ [c6s12] + [c7s12] + [c8s12] + [c9s12] + [c10s12] AS S12_Total,
[c1s13] + [c2s13] + [c3s13] + [c4s13] + [c5s13]
+ [c6s13] + [c7s13] + [c8s13] + [c9s13] + [c10s13] AS S13_Total,
[c1s14] + [c2s14] + [c3s14] + [c4s14] + [c5s14]
+ [c6s14] + [c7s14] + [c8s14] + [c9s14] + [c10s14] AS S14_Total,
maininfo.vendor,
logs_id_plan.dcbooked,
kn_idinfo.eta
FROM kn_idinfo
RIGHT JOIN (department
RIGHT JOIN (logs_id_plan
RIGHT JOIN ((prepackb
RIGHT JOIN (prepacka
RIGHT JOIN maininfo
ON prepacka.id =
maininfo.id)
ON prepackb.id =
maininfo.id)
LEFT JOIN qty_table
ON maininfo.id = qty_table.id)
ON logs_id_plan.id = maininfo.id)
ON department.dept_code = maininfo.dept)
ON kn_idinfo.[purchase order(on)] = maininfo.sap_po_num
WHERE (( ( department.dept_code ) NOT LIKE "us*" ));
我会第一个承认查询是野兽，但我正在尝试迁移数据库而不从头开始重写所有内容，因为几个月后 Access 前端将被基于 Web 的应用程序取代.
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：最后，我将总列（例如 PAC1_Total、S1_Total 等）的计算移到 SQL Server 上的视图中，在 Access 中创建指向新视图的链接表，然后修改查询以使用这些新链接表, 除了其他表。我怀疑计算列嵌套得太深（因为在 Access 计算列可以被同一 SQL 语句中的其他计算列引用）。
但仍然没有解释为什么查询适用于本地表而不是链接表。
【讨论】：
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