如何获取导航抽屉中的项目以更改视图
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【中文标题】如何获取导航抽屉中的项目以更改视图【英文标题】：How to get items in Navigation Drawer to change view 【发布时间】：2013-12-25 05:54:15 【问题描述】：我想用导航抽屉制作一个简单的应用程序，它可以打开其他视图（新闻、信息、图库、联系人等）。于是我打开了最新的android Studio，做了一个兼容API8>API19的新项目，以获得最大的影响力。
我选择了预设的导航抽屉并点击完成。我已经想办法更改导航抽屉中项目的名称，但是如何让这些项目重定向到新视图？
我已经尝试在 MainActivity 中实现 setOnItemClickListener，正如 Navigation Drawer 网站在 http://developer.android.com 上所说的那样。但我似乎无法弄清楚这一切是如何联系在一起的，而且它不会起作用。
tl;dr:我需要帮助来使导航抽屉中的项目启动一个新的视图/片段，并且可能需要解释它是如何工作的。
这里是应用项目（Android Studio）https://www.dropbox.com/s/qfz9oul62dzt3rr/NTI_SHOWCASE.zip
MainActivity.java
package com.christianarne.ntishowcase;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.html;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity
implements NavigationDrawerFragment.NavigationDrawerCallbacks
private static final int SETTINGS_RESULT = 1;
/**
* Fragment managing the behaviors, interactions and presentation of the navigation drawer.
*/
private NavigationDrawerFragment mNavigationDrawerFragment;
/**
* Used to store the last screen title. For use in @link #restoreActionBar().
*/
private CharSequence mTitle;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();
actionBar.setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(Color.rgb(0, 153, 204))); // set your desired color
mNavigationDrawerFragment = (NavigationDrawerFragment)
getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.navigation_drawer);
mTitle = getTitle();
// Set up the drawer.
mNavigationDrawerFragment.setUp(
R.id.navigation_drawer,
(DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout));
@Override
public void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position)
// update the main content by replacing fragments
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.container, PlaceholderFragment.newInstance(position + 1))
.commit();
public void onSectionAttached(int number)
switch (number)
case 1:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_section1);
break;
case 2:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_section2);
break;
case 3:
mTitle = getString(R.string.title_section3);
break;
public void restoreActionBar()
ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();
actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_STANDARD);
actionBar.setTitle(mTitle);
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
if (!mNavigationDrawerFragment.isDrawerOpen())
// Only show items in the action bar relevant to this screen
// if the drawer is not showing. Otherwise, let the drawer
// decide what to show in the action bar.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
restoreActionBar();
return true;
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == R.id.action_settings)
Intent intent = new Intent(this, SettingsActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
return true;
if (id == R.id.action_example)
Intent intent_g = new Intent(this, Guide.class);
startActivity(intent_g);
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
/**
* A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
*/
public static class PlaceholderFragment extends Fragment
/**
* The fragment argument representing the section number for this
* fragment.
*/
private static final String ARG_SECTION_NUMBER = "section_number";
/**
* Returns a new instance of this fragment for the given section
* number.
*/
public static PlaceholderFragment newInstance(int sectionNumber)
PlaceholderFragment fragment = new PlaceholderFragment();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER, sectionNumber);
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
public PlaceholderFragment()
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState)
View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
TextView textView = (TextView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.section_label);
textView.setText(Integer.toString(getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER)));
return rootView;
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity)
super.onAttach(activity);
((MainActivity) activity).onSectionAttached(
getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER));
NavigationDrawerFragment.java
public class NavigationDrawerFragment extends Fragment
/**
* Remember the position of the selected item.
*/
private static final String STATE_SELECTED_POSITION = "selected_navigation_drawer_position";
/**
* Per the design guidelines, you should show the drawer on launch until the user manually
* expands it. This shared preference tracks this.
*/
private static final String PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER = "navigation_drawer_learned";
/**
* A pointer to the current callbacks instance (the Activity).
*/
private NavigationDrawerCallbacks mCallbacks;
/**
* Helper component that ties the action bar to the navigation drawer.
*/
private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;
private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
private ListView mDrawerListView;
private View mFragmentContainerView;
private int mCurrentSelectedPosition = 0;
private boolean mFromSavedInstanceState;
private boolean mUserLearnedDrawer;
public NavigationDrawerFragment()
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
// Read in the flag indicating whether or not the user has demonstrated awareness of the
// drawer. See PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER for details.
SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(getActivity());
mUserLearnedDrawer = sp.getBoolean(PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER, false);
if (savedInstanceState != null)
mCurrentSelectedPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt(STATE_SELECTED_POSITION);
mFromSavedInstanceState = true;
// Select either the default item (0) or the last selected item.
selectItem(mCurrentSelectedPosition);
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState)
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
// Indicate that this fragment would like to influence the set of actions in the action bar.
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState)
mDrawerListView = (ListView) inflater.inflate(
R.layout.fragment_navigation_drawer, container, false);
mDrawerListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener()
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)
selectItem(position);
);
mDrawerListView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(
getActionBar().getThemedContext(),
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,
android.R.id.text1,
new String[]
getString(R.string.title_section1),
getString(R.string.title_section2),
getString(R.string.title_section3),
));
mDrawerListView.setItemChecked(mCurrentSelectedPosition, true);
return mDrawerListView;
public boolean isDrawerOpen()
return mDrawerLayout != null && mDrawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(mFragmentContainerView);
/**
* Users of this fragment must call this method to set up the navigation drawer interactions.
*
* @param fragmentId The android:id of this fragment in its activity's layout.
* @param drawerLayout The DrawerLayout containing this fragment's UI.
*/
public void setUp(int fragmentId, DrawerLayout drawerLayout)
mFragmentContainerView = getActivity().findViewById(fragmentId);
mDrawerLayout = drawerLayout;
// set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer opens
mDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.drawer_shadow, GravityCompat.START);
// set up the drawer's list view with items and click listener
ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
actionBar.setHomeButtonEnabled(true);
// ActionBarDrawerToggle ties together the the proper interactions
// between the navigation drawer and the action bar app icon.
mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
getActivity(), /* host Activity */
mDrawerLayout, /* DrawerLayout object */
R.drawable.ic_drawer, /* nav drawer image to replace 'Up' caret */
R.string.navigation_drawer_open, /* "open drawer" description for accessibility */
R.string.navigation_drawer_close /* "close drawer" description for accessibility */
)
@Override
public void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView)
super.onDrawerClosed(drawerView);
if (!isAdded())
return;
getActivity().supportInvalidateOptionsMenu(); // calls onPrepareOptionsMenu()
@Override
public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView)
super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView);
if (!isAdded())
return;
if (!mUserLearnedDrawer)
// The user manually opened the drawer; store this flag to prevent auto-showing
// the navigation drawer automatically in the future.
mUserLearnedDrawer = true;
SharedPreferences sp = PreferenceManager
.getDefaultSharedPreferences(getActivity());
sp.edit().putBoolean(PREF_USER_LEARNED_DRAWER, true).commit();
getActivity().supportInvalidateOptionsMenu(); // calls onPrepareOptionsMenu()
;
// If the user hasn't 'learned' about the drawer, open it to introduce them to the drawer,
// per the navigation drawer design guidelines.
if (!mUserLearnedDrawer && !mFromSavedInstanceState)
mDrawerLayout.openDrawer(mFragmentContainerView);
// Defer code dependent on restoration of previous instance state.
mDrawerLayout.post(new Runnable()
@Override
public void run()
mDrawerToggle.syncState();
);
mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
private void selectItem(int position)
mCurrentSelectedPosition = position;
if (mDrawerListView != null)
mDrawerListView.setItemChecked(position, true);
if (mDrawerLayout != null)
mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mFragmentContainerView);
if (mCallbacks != null)
mCallbacks.onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(position);
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity)
super.onAttach(activity);
try
mCallbacks = (NavigationDrawerCallbacks) activity;
catch (ClassCastException e)
throw new ClassCastException("Activity must implement NavigationDrawerCallbacks.");
@Override
public void onDetach()
super.onDetach();
mCallbacks = null;
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState)
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
outState.putInt(STATE_SELECTED_POSITION, mCurrentSelectedPosition);
@Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig)
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
// Forward the new configuration the drawer toggle component.
mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
@Override
public void onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu, MenuInflater inflater)
// If the drawer is open, show the global app actions in the action bar. See also
// showGlobalContextActionBar, which controls the top-left area of the action bar.
if (mDrawerLayout != null && isDrawerOpen())
inflater.inflate(R.menu.global, menu);
showGlobalContextActionBar();
super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, inflater);
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)
if (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item))
return true;
if (item.getItemId() == R.id.action_example)
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Example action.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return true;
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
/**
* Per the navigation drawer design guidelines, updates the action bar to show the global app
* 'context', rather than just what's in the current screen.
*/
private void showGlobalContextActionBar()
ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
actionBar.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(true);
actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_STANDARD);
actionBar.setTitle(R.string.app_name);
private ActionBar getActionBar()
return ((ActionBarActivity) getActivity()).getSupportActionBar();
/**
* Callbacks interface that all activities using this fragment must implement.
*/
public static interface NavigationDrawerCallbacks
/**
* Called when an item in the navigation drawer is selected.
*/
void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position);
使用导航抽屉从头开始创建应用程序，而不是使用预构建的应用程序会更好、更容易吗？
非常感谢您的帮助。
【问题讨论】：
请发布您的代码的相关部分，并解释它做错了什么。 @ScottBarta 我现在已经编辑了帖子。我可能没有做错什么，更多的是我有点困惑，因为与某些教程相比，Android Studio 生成的 Navigation Drawer 文件非常长且复杂。如果有人可以解释我如何在导航抽屉中制作项目（如“Kontakt”）以打开我可以使用的片段/视图/布局。当我按下不同的项目时，它当前显示相同的页面，只有一个数字发生变化。 使用导航抽屉从头开始创建应用程序，而不是使用预构建的应用程序会更好更容易吗？ 【参考方案1】：好吧，我会把这个留在这里，以防有人需要帮助在“Android Studio”导航抽屉项目中切换片段
user2511882 提出的答案使用以下内容：
fragment = new FirstFragment();
但“Android Studio”生成的代码使用：
fragment = FirstFragment.newInstance();
（这是一个更好的做法；看看为什么HERE）
这就是为什么他的回答对你的项目不起作用。
在你的情况下，你必须使用类似的东西：
@Override
public void onNavigationDrawerItemSelected(int position)
Fragment fragment = null;
switch (position)
case 0:
fragment = FirstFragment.newInstance(position + 1);
break;
case 1:
fragment = SecondFragment.newInstance(position + 1);
break;
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.container, fragment)
.commit();
在“Android Studio”中，阅读自动生成代码中包含的 cmets 和“TODOS”也是一个好习惯。
最好的问候。
【讨论】：
在 case 语句中调用静态 newInstance() 方法后，我是否必须将结果转换为 (Fragment)？ 没关系，我没有在我的第一个/第二个片段类中扩展支持片段，而是在我的应用程序的其余部分中引用支持片段。现在全部排序。【参考方案2】：你需要在你的drawerLayout上设置一个setOnItemClickListener（你的xml文件中listview的id）
例子：
drawerLayout.setOnItemClickListener(new ListView.onItemClickListener)
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,
long id)
displayView(position);
private void displayView(int position)
switch (position)
case 0:
fragment = new FirstFragment();
break;
case 1:
fragment = new SecondFragment();
break;
if (fragment != null)
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
.replace(R.id.frame_layout_id, fragment).commit(); //
你需要为 FirstFragment 和 SecondFragment 分别创建 java 类，包含你需要的任何内容。
【讨论】：
感谢您的帮助，非常感谢。你贴的代码，这个会写在MainActivity类里面吗？ 是的。它应该写在你获取导航抽屉的 xml 文件引用的类中。 那么这就是你的 MainActivity.java 无法解析方法 'setOnItemClickListener(ListView.onItemClickListener'。几乎所有东西都变红了。必须在 MainActivity 开头声明的东西？ 它的 setOnItemClickListener(new ListView.onItemClickListener)【参考方案3】：在导航视图中获取项目位置，您可以将第 0 个位置菜单默认设置为
navigationView.getMenu().getItem(0); // 默认选择菜单
displayview(navigationView.getMenu().getItem(0));
private void setupDrawerContent(final NavigationView navigationView)
navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(
new NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener()
@Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem menuItem)
displayView(menuItem);
return true;
);
public void displayView(MenuItem menuItem)
Fragment fragment = null;
switch (menuItem.getItemId())
case R.id.nav_home:
// fragment = new CheeseListFragment();
break;
case R.id.nav_messages:
fragment = new MessageFragment();
break;
if(fragment != null)
getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.container, fragment)
.commit();
menuItem.setChecked(true);
mDrawerLayout.closeDrawers();
【讨论】：
【参考方案4】：在导航视图中获取项目位置，您可以将第 0 个位置菜单默认设置为
navigationView.getMenu().getItem(0); // default selected menu
【讨论】：
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