使用 Union All 优化 SQL 查询

Posted 2023-04-15

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【中文标题】使用 Union All 优化 SQL 查询【英文标题】：Optimising a SQL Query with Union All 【发布时间】：2010-11-09 01:03:26 【问题描述】：

我有一个查询，其中包含由 Union All 连接的 4 个选择查询以返回一个结果集，它们是非常复杂的选择查询，但不涉及连接，它们实际上是从 2 个不同的视图中选择的。我只是在考虑优化它，但不确定我应该从哪里开始。 “实际执行计划”说“估计子树成本”是 2.12357，我总是假设如果它超过 1，那么它是一个相当慢的查询？这是一个正确的假设吗？我还检查了整个计划，没有表扫描，只有聚集索引扫描和聚集索引搜索，我再次假设它们可以吗？然而，有很多哈希匹配。无论如何，这个查询会运行很多次，因此我希望它尽可能地优化。希望它有某种意义。

好的，SQL 是这样的

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[CompareFiles] -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here
@VersionID int, 
@SyncRequestID int,     
@RegionID int, 
@LanguageID int 
AS
BEGIN

SELECT 'Delete' AS Action, Type, SUBSTRING(FullPath,2,LEN(FullPath)-1) AS FullPath, FileNameOnServer, FileSize FROM View1
WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM View2 where View2.FullPath = View1.FullPath 
AND View2.VersionId = @VersionID
AND View2.RegionID = @RegionID 
AND View2.LanguageID = @LanguageID
)
AND View1.SyncRequestID = @SyncRequestID

UNION ALL 

SELECT 'Add' AS Action, Type, SUBSTRING(FullPath,2,LEN(FullPath)-1) AS FullPath, FileNameOnServer,FileSize FROM View2  
WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM View1 where View1.FullPath = View2.FullPath AND View1.SyncRequestID = @SyncRequestID)
AND 
View2.VersionId = @VersionID
AND View2.RegionID = @RegionID
AND View2.LanguageID = @LanguageID

UNION ALL 

SELECT 'Delete' AS Action, Type, SUBSTRING(FullPath,2,LEN(FullPath)-1) AS FullPath, FileNameOnServer, FileSize FROM View2 
WHERE EXISTS
(
    SELECT 1 FROM View2 fd2 
    WHERE 
        View2.FullPath = fd2.FullPath AND fd2.VersionID = @VersionID
AND 
    View2.FileNameOnServer <> fd2.FileNameOnServer 
AND 
    fd2.RegionID = @RegionID
AND 
    fd2.LanguageID = @LanguageID 
)
AND 
    View2.VersionId = (SELECT VersionID FROM SyncRequest WHERE SyncRequestID = @SyncRequestID)
AND 
    View2.RegionID = @RegionID
AND 
    View2.LanguageID = @LanguageID

UNION ALL

SELECT 'Add' AS Action, Type, SUBSTRING(FullPath,2,LEN(FullPath)-1) AS FullPath, FileNameOnServer, FileSize FROM View2 
WHERE EXISTS
(
SELECT 1 FROM View2 fd2 
WHERE 
    View2.FullPath = fd2.FullPath AND fd2.VersionID = (SELECT VersionID FROM SyncRequest WHERE SyncRequestID = @SyncRequestID)
AND 
    View2.FileNameOnServer <> fd2.FileNameOnServer 
AND 
    fd2.RegionID = @RegionID
AND 
    fd2.LanguageID = @LanguageID 
)
AND 
    View2.VersionId = @VersionID
AND 
    View2.RegionID = @RegionID
AND 
    View2.LanguageID = @LanguageID

END

查看 1 个定义

SELECT DISTINCT fqp.Path + '/' + ISNULL(f.Name, '') + ISNULL(f.Extension, '') AS FullPath, fl.LanguageID, fr.RegionID, f.FileID, dbo.CIT_APD_Versions.ApID, f.FileNameOnServer, dbo.Versions.VersionID, (CASE WHEN FileNameOnServer IS NULL THEN 'Folder' ELSE 'File' END) AS Type, f.FileSize
FROM dbo.FileRegions AS fr 
RIGHT OUTER JOIN dbo.Files AS f 
    INNER JOIN dbo.FilePaths AS fp ON fp.FileID = f.FileID ON fr.FileID = f.FileID 
    LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.FileLanguages AS fl ON fl.FileID = f.FileID 
    LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.RoleFiles AS fro ON fro.FileID = f.FileID 
    RIGHT OUTER JOIN dbo.Versions 
        INNER JOIN dbo.View3 AS fqp ON dbo.VersionID = fqp.VersionID ON fqp.PathID = fp.PathID

查看 2 定义

SELECT     '//' + dbo.CIT_APD_SyncRequestFiles.FullPath AS FullPath, NULL AS LanguageID, NULL AS RegionID, NULL AS FileID, NULL AS ApID, 
                  dbo.SyncRequest.VersionID, '' AS FileNameOnServer, '' AS Type, NULL AS FileSize, dbo.SyncRequestFiles.SyncRequestID
FROM dbo.SyncRequestFiles 
INNER JOIN dbo.CIT_APD_SyncRequest ON dbo.SyncRequestFiles.SyncRequestID = dbo.SyncRequest.SyncRequestID

查看 3 定义

WITH Parent AS (SELECT PathID, ParentPathID, VersionID, CONVERT(varchar(128), Path) AS Path
FROM dbo.Paths AS ParentPaths
WHERE (ParentPathID = 0)
UNION ALL
SELECT ChildPaths.PathID, ChildPaths.ParentPathID, ChildPaths.VersionID, CONVERT(varchar(128), Parent.Path + '/' + ChildPaths.Path) AS Path
FROM dbo.Paths AS ChildPaths 
INNER JOIN Parent ON Parent.PathID = ChildPaths.ParentPathID)

SELECT PathID, ParentPathID, VersionID, Path
FROM Parent

谢谢

【问题讨论】：

没有足够的信息来回答... 大概您的视图包含连接。没有连接的视图没有什么价值（它是一个表！）除非在某些特定情况下，例如隐藏列（授权）抱歉，你说得对，我会清理SQL并尽快发布那条评论有点宽泛，米奇。出于性能原因，水平分区数据的视图非常有价值。同样，我一直在视图中对数据进行透视和反透视，以便在 odbc 链接的电子表格中使用。 @Coesy：很好，但是视图定义在哪里？ 【参考方案1】：