为啥 io_context 出现在我的 boost asio 协程服务器中

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【中文标题】为啥 io_context 出现在我的 boost asio 协程服务器中【英文标题】:Why io_context sopped in my boost asio coroutine server为什么 io_context 出现在我的 boost asio 协程服务器中 【发布时间】:2020-03-12 23:10:07 【问题描述】:

我的服务器基于 boost spawn echo 服务器示例,并在 this thread 中进行了改进。真正的服务器很复杂,我做了一个更简单的服务器来说明问题:

服务器监听 12345 端口,从新连接接收 0x4000 字节数据。

客户端运行1000个线程,连接服务器,发送0x4000字节数据。

问题:当客户端运行时,1秒后通过控制台中的Ctrl-C杀死客户端进程,然后服务器的io_context将停止,服务器运行到无限循环并消耗 100% cpu。如果这没有发生,重复启动客户端并杀死它几次,它就会发生。可能几次后它会耗尽 TCP 端口,等几分钟再试一次,它会在我的机器上杀死客户端 3~15 次后发生。

boost document 表示io_context.stopped() 用于判断是否停止

要么通过显式调用 stop(),要么由于工作用完

我从不调用io_context.stop(),并使用make_work_guard(io_context) 保持io_context 不停止,但为什么它仍然停止?

我的环境:Win10-64bit, boost 1.71.0

服务器代码:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/spawn.hpp>
using namespace boost;
using namespace boost::asio;
using namespace boost::asio::ip;
namespace ba=boost::asio;

#define SERVER_PORT 12345
#define DATA_LEN 0x4000


struct session : public std::enable_shared_from_this<session>

    tcp::socket socket_;
    boost::asio::steady_timer timer_;
    boost::asio::strand<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type> strand_;

    explicit session(boost::asio::io_context& io_context, tcp::socket socket)
    : socket_(std::move(socket)),
      timer_(io_context),
      strand_(io_context.get_executor())
     

    void go()
    
        auto self(shared_from_this());
        boost::asio::spawn(strand_, [this, self](boost::asio::yield_context yield)
        
            spawn(yield, [this, self](ba::yield_context yield) 
                timer_.expires_from_now(10s); // 10 second
                while (socket_.is_open()) 
                    boost::system::error_code ec;
                    timer_.async_wait(yield[ec]);
                    // timeout triggered, timer was not canceled
                    if (ba::error::operation_aborted != ec) 
                        socket_.close();
                    
                
            );

            try
            
                // recv data
                string packet;

                // read data
                boost::system::error_code ec;

                ba::async_read(socket_,
                               ba::dynamic_buffer(packet),
                               ba::transfer_exactly(DATA_LEN),
                               yield[ec]);
                if(ec) 
                    throw "read_fail";
                

            
            catch (...)
            
                cout << "exception" << endl;
            

            timer_.cancel();
            socket_.close();
        );

    
;
struct my_server   
    my_server()  
    ~my_server()   

    void start() 
        ba::io_context io_context;
        auto worker = ba::make_work_guard(io_context);

        ba::spawn(io_context, [&](ba::yield_context yield)
        
            tcp::acceptor acceptor(io_context,
            tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), SERVER_PORT));

            for (;;)
            
                boost::system::error_code ec;

                tcp::socket socket(io_context);
                acceptor.async_accept(socket, yield[ec]);
                if (!ec) 
                    std::make_shared<session>(io_context, std::move(socket))->go();
                 
            
        );

        // Run io_context on All CPUs
        auto thread_count = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
        boost::thread_group tgroup;
        for (auto i = 0; i < thread_count; ++i) 
            tgroup.create_thread([&] 
                for (;;) 
                    try  
                        if (io_context.stopped())  // <- this happens after killing Client process several times
                            cout << "io_context STOPPED, now server runs infinit loop with full cpu usage" << endl;
                        
                        io_context.run(); 
                    
                    catch(const std::exception& e)  
                        MessageBox(0, "This never popup", e.what(), 0); 
                    
                    catch(const boost::exception& e)  
                        MessageBox(0, "This never popup", boost::diagnostic_information(e).data(), 0); 
                    
                    catch(...)  MessageBox(0, "This never popup", "", 0); 
                
            );
        tgroup.join_all();
    
;  

int main() 
    my_server svr;
    svr.start();

客户:

#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <thread>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
using namespace std;

using boost::asio::ip::tcp;
namespace ba=boost::asio;

#define SERVER "127.0.0.1"
#define PORT "12345"

int main() 
    boost::asio::io_context io_context;

    static string data_0x4000(0x4000, 'a');

    boost::thread_group tgroup;
    for (auto i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) 
        tgroup.create_thread([&] 
            for(;;) 

                try 
                    tcp::socket s(io_context);
                    tcp::resolver resolver(io_context);
                    boost::asio::connect(s, resolver.resolve(SERVER, PORT));

                    ba::write(s, ba::buffer(data_0x4000));
                 catch (std::exception e) 
                    cout << " exception: " << e.what() << endl;
                 catch (...) 
                    cout << "unknown exception" << endl;
                
            
        );

    tgroup.join_all();

    return 0;

更新解决方法:

我猜io_context 和协程会出现问题,所以我尝试将不必要的spawn 替换为std::thread,并且它起作用了,io_context 不再停止。但是为什么还是会出现这个问题呢?

替换:

ba::spawn(io_context, [&](ba::yield_context yield)

    tcp::acceptor acceptor(io_context,
    tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), SERVER_PORT));

    for (;;)
    
        boost::system::error_code ec;

        tcp::socket socket(io_context);
        acceptor.async_accept(socket, yield[ec]);
        if (!ec) 
            std::make_shared<session>(io_context, std::move(socket))->go();
         
    
);

收件人:

std::thread([&]()

    tcp::acceptor acceptor(io_context,
    tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), SERVER_PORT));

    for (;;)
    
        boost::system::error_code ec;

        tcp::socket socket(io_context);
        acceptor.accept(socket, ec);
        if (!ec) 
            std::make_shared<session>(io_context, std::move(socket))->go();
         
    
).detach();

【问题讨论】:

【参考方案1】:

即使进行(非常)广泛的压力测试,我也无法在 linux 上重现您的问题。

除了某些会话按预期到达“EOF”消息之外,即使是硬杀客户端进程也没有显示任何其他影响。

存在可用端口用完的问题,但这主要是因为您在客户端中重新连接的速度太快了。

跳出框框思考

会不会是您在没有同步的情况下使用std::cout 和/或MessageBox² 而MSVC 的标准库不能很好地处理它? 会不会是 asio 运行循环引发了 catch 处理程序未正确捕获的异常?我不知道这是否相关,但 MSVC 确实有 SEH(结构化异常)¹ 没有必要在那里保持“运行”的紧密循环。如果你真的想继续运行循环,你应该在两者之间调用io_context.restart();。我不建议这样做,因为它会使任何常规关机变得不可能。

如果您有兴趣,可以对代码进行一些小的调整。它添加了一些处理/制作的会话/连接的可视化。请注意,client 几乎没有变化,但 server 有一些变化可能会激发您的灵感:

server.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

#include <boost/thread/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/spawn.hpp>

namespace ba = boost::asio;
using boost::asio::ip::tcp;
using namespace std::literals;

#define SERVER_PORT 12345
#define DATA_LEN 0x4000

void MessageBox(int, std::string const& caption, std::string const& message, ...) 
    std::cerr << caption << ": " << std::quoted(message) << std::endl;


struct session : public std::enable_shared_from_this<session>

    tcp::socket socket_;
    ba::steady_timer timer_;
    ba::strand<ba::io_context::executor_type> strand_;

    explicit session(ba::io_context& io_context, tcp::socket socket)
    : socket_(std::move(socket)),
      timer_(io_context),
      strand_(io_context.get_executor())
     

    void go()
    
        auto self(shared_from_this());
        ba::spawn(strand_, [this, self](ba::yield_context yield)
        
            spawn(yield, [this, self](ba::yield_context yield) 
                while (socket_.is_open()) 
                    timer_.expires_from_now(10s); 
                    boost::system::error_code ec;
                    timer_.async_wait(yield[ec]);
                    // timeout triggered, timer was not canceled
                    if (ba::error::operation_aborted != ec) 
                        socket_.close(ec);
                    
                
            );

            try
            
                // recv data
                std::string packet;

                // read data
                ba::async_read(socket_,
                               ba::dynamic_buffer(packet),
                               ba::transfer_exactly(DATA_LEN),
                               yield);

                std::cout << std::unitbuf << ".";
            
            catch (std::exception const& e) 
                std::cout << "exception: " << std::quoted(e.what()) << std::endl;
            
            catch (...) 
                std::cout << "exception" << std::endl;
            

            boost::system::error_code ec;
            timer_.cancel(ec);
            socket_.close(ec);
        );

    
;

struct my_server   
    void start() 
        ba::io_context io_context;
        auto worker = ba::make_work_guard(io_context);

        ba::spawn(io_context, [&](ba::yield_context yield)
        
            tcp::acceptor acceptor(io_context,
            tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), SERVER_PORT));

            for (;;)
            
                boost::system::error_code ec;

                tcp::socket socket(io_context);
                acceptor.async_accept(socket, yield[ec]);
                if (!ec) 
                    std::make_shared<session>(io_context, std::move(socket))->go();
                 
            
        );

        // Run io_context on All CPUs
        auto thread_count = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
        boost::thread_group tgroup;
        for (auto i = 0u; i < thread_count; ++i) 
            tgroup.create_thread([&] 
                for (;;) 
                    try  
                        io_context.run(); 
                        break;
                    
                    catch(const std::exception& e)  
                        MessageBox(0, "This never popup", e.what(), 0); 
                    
                    catch(const boost::exception& e)  
                        MessageBox(0, "This never popup", boost::diagnostic_information(e).data(), 0); 
                    
                    catch(...)  MessageBox(0, "This never popup", "", 0); 
                

                std::cout << "stopped: " << io_context.stopped() << std::endl;
            );
        tgroup.join_all();
    
;  

int main() 
    my_server svr;
    svr.start();

client.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <random>
#include <thread>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>

using boost::asio::ip::tcp;
namespace ba=boost::asio;

#define SERVER "127.0.0.1"
#define PORT "12345"

int main() 
    ba::io_context io_context;

    static std::string const data_0x4000(0x4000, 'a');

    boost::thread_group tgroup;
    for (auto i = 0; i < 1000; ++i) 
        tgroup.create_thread([&] 
            for(;;) 

                try 
                    tcp::socket s(io_context);

                    tcp::resolver resolver(io_context);
                    ba::connect(s, resolver.resolve(SERVER, PORT));
                    s.set_option(ba::socket_base::reuse_address(true));

                    ba::write(s, ba::buffer(data_0x4000));
                 catch (std::exception const& e) 
                    std::cout << " exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
                 catch (...) 
                    std::cout << "unknown exception" << std::endl;
                
                std::cout << std::unitbuf << ".";
            
        );

    tgroup.join_all();

¹ 参见例如https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/eh-exception-handling-model?view=vs-2019#remarks

² 也许MessageBox 只允许来自“UI”线程。

【讨论】:

如果我删除了MessageBox,就会出现问题。如果是 SEH,服务器会崩溃,因为我没有用 __try __except 块捕获它。 io_context.restart() 是一种解决方法,但无法解释问题。当端口用完时,我只需等待几分钟让操作系统释放端口,然后再做一次。我已经更新了帖子以寻求解决方法。

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