应用程序在后台时未触发地理围栏通知
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【中文标题】应用程序在后台时未触发地理围栏通知【英文标题】：Geofence Notification not triggered when app in background 【发布时间】：2018-01-07 10:07:02 【问题描述】：我已经浏览了许多 SO 帖子，但对我来说还没有任何效果。 我试图在设备进入地理围栏时触发通知。但它不会触发，直到应用程序打开。 当应用处于后台时如何触发通知？
地理围栏：
public class Geofencing implements ResultCallback
// Constants
public static final String TAG = Geofencing.class.getSimpleName();
private static final float GEOFENCE_RADIUS = 50; // 50 meters
private static final long GEOFENCE_TIMEOUT = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 24 hours
private List<Geofence> mGeofenceList;
private PendingIntent mGeofencePendingIntent;
private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
private Context mContext;
public Geofencing(Context context, GoogleApiClient client)
mContext = context;
mGoogleApiClient = client;
mGeofencePendingIntent = null;
mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();
/***
* Registers the list of Geofences specified in mGeofenceList with Google Place Services
* Uses @code #mGoogleApiClient to connect to Google Place Services
* Uses @link #getGeofencingRequest to get the list of Geofences to be registered
* Uses @link #getGeofencePendingIntent to get the pending intent to launch the IntentService
* when the Geofence is triggered
* Triggers @link #onResult when the geofences have been registered successfully
*/
public void registerAllGeofences()
// Check that the API client is connected and that the list has Geofences in it
if (mGoogleApiClient == null || !mGoogleApiClient.isConnected() ||
mGeofenceList == null || mGeofenceList.size() == 0)
return;
try
LocationServices.GeofencingApi.addGeofences(
mGoogleApiClient,
getGeofencingRequest(),
getGeofencePendingIntent()
).setResultCallback(this);
catch (SecurityException securityException)
// Catch exception generated if the app does not use ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.
Log.e(TAG, securityException.getMessage());
/***
* Unregisters all the Geofences created by this app from Google Place Services
* Uses @code #mGoogleApiClient to connect to Google Place Services
* Uses @link #getGeofencePendingIntent to get the pending intent passed when
* registering the Geofences in the first place
* Triggers @link #onResult when the geofences have been unregistered successfully
*/
public void unRegisterAllGeofences()
if (mGoogleApiClient == null || !mGoogleApiClient.isConnected())
return;
try
LocationServices.GeofencingApi.removeGeofences(
mGoogleApiClient,
// This is the same pending intent that was used in registerGeofences
getGeofencePendingIntent()
).setResultCallback(this);
catch (SecurityException securityException)
// Catch exception generated if the app does not use ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission.
Log.e(TAG, securityException.getMessage());
/***
* Updates the local ArrayList of Geofences using data from the passed in list
* Uses the Place ID defined by the API as the Geofence object Id
*
* @param places the PlaceBuffer result of the getPlaceById call
*/
public void updateGeofencesList(PlaceBuffer places)
mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();
if (places == null || places.getCount() == 0) return;
for (Place place : places)
// Read the place information from the DB cursor
String placeUID = place.getId();
double placeLat = place.getLatLng().latitude;
double placeLng = place.getLatLng().longitude;
// Build a Geofence object
Geofence geofence = new Geofence.Builder()
.setRequestId(placeUID)
.setExpirationDuration(GEOFENCE_TIMEOUT)
.setCircularRegion(placeLat, placeLng, GEOFENCE_RADIUS)
.setTransitionTypes(Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER | Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT)
.build();
// Add it to the list
mGeofenceList.add(geofence);
/***
* Creates a GeofencingRequest object using the mGeofenceList ArrayList of Geofences
* Used by @code #registerGeofences
*
* @return the GeofencingRequest object
*/
private GeofencingRequest getGeofencingRequest()
GeofencingRequest.Builder builder = new GeofencingRequest.Builder();
builder.setInitialTrigger(GeofencingRequest.INITIAL_TRIGGER_ENTER);
builder.addGeofences(mGeofenceList);
return builder.build();
/***
* Creates a PendingIntent object using the GeofenceTransitionsIntentService class
* Used by @code #registerGeofences
*
* @return the PendingIntent object
*/
private PendingIntent getGeofencePendingIntent()
// Reuse the PendingIntent if we already have it.
if (mGeofencePendingIntent != null)
return mGeofencePendingIntent;
//Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, GeofenceBroadcastReceiver.class);
Intent intent = new Intent("com.aol.android.geofence.ACTION_RECEIVE_GEOFENCE");
mGeofencePendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, intent, PendingIntent.
FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
return mGeofencePendingIntent;
@Override
public void onResult(@NonNull Result result)
Log.e(TAG, String.format("Error adding/removing geofence : %s",
result.getStatus().toString()));
地理围栏广播接收器：
public class GeofenceBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
public static final String TAG = GeofenceBroadcastReceiver.class.getSimpleName();
/***
* Handles the Broadcast message sent when the Geofence Transition is triggered
* Careful here though, this is running on the main thread so make sure you start an AsyncTask for
* anything that takes longer than say 10 second to run
*
* @param context
* @param intent
*/
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
// Get the Geofence Event from the Intent sent through
Log.d("onRecccc","trt");
GeofencingEvent geofencingEvent = GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent);
if (geofencingEvent.hasError())
Log.e(TAG, String.format("Error code : %d", geofencingEvent.getErrorCode()));
return;
// Get the transition type.
int geofenceTransition = geofencingEvent.getGeofenceTransition();
// Check which transition type has triggered this event
// Send the notification
sendNotification(context, geofenceTransition);
/**
* Posts a notification in the notification bar when a transition is detected
* Uses different icon drawables for different transition types
* If the user clicks the notification, control goes to the MainActivity
*
* @param context The calling context for building a task stack
* @param transitionType The geofence transition type, can be Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER
* or Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT
*/
private void sendNotification(Context context, int transitionType)
// Create an explicit content Intent that starts the main Activity.
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(context, MainActivity.class);
// Construct a task stack.
TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(context);
// Add the main Activity to the task stack as the parent.
stackBuilder.addParentStack(MainActivity.class);
// Push the content Intent onto the stack.
stackBuilder.addNextIntent(notificationIntent);
// Get a PendingIntent containing the entire back stack.
PendingIntent notificationPendingIntent =
stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
// Get a notification builder
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(context);
// Check the transition type to display the relevant icon image
if (transitionType == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER)
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp)
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp))
.setContentTitle("You have a task nearby")
.setSound(RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION))
//Vibration
.setVibrate(new long[]300,300)
.setLights(Color.RED, 3000, 3000);
//LED
else if (transitionType == Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT)
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp)
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
R.drawable.ic_near_me_black_24dp))
.setContentTitle(context.getString(R.string.back_to_normal));
// Continue building the notification
builder.setContentText(context.getString(R.string.touch_to_relaunch));
builder.setContentIntent(notificationPendingIntent);
// Dismiss notification once the user touches it.
builder.setAutoCancel(true);
// Get an instance of the Notification manager
NotificationManager mNotificationManager =
(NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// Issue the notification
mNotificationManager.notify(0, builder.build());
编辑：
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent)
//Create geofences from SharedPreferences/network responses
//Connect to location services
mClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
.addConnectionCallbacks(this)
.addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
.addApi(LocationServices.API)
.addApi(Places.GEO_DATA_API)
.addApi(Places.PLACE_DETECTION_API)
.build();
mGeofencing = new Geofencing(this, mClient);
GeofencingEvent geofencingEvent = GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent);
if (geofencingEvent.hasError())
Log.e("dsadsa", String.format("Error code : %d", geofencingEvent.getErrorCode()));
return;
public void onConnected(Bundle bundle)
//Add geofences
mGeofencing.registerAllGeofences();
到目前为止我已经这样做了，但仍然没有运气..
【问题讨论】：
阅读 cmets ***.com/questions/45218070/… 可能会有所帮助 我更新了我的答案... 【参考方案1】：当应用程序在后台时（用户单击主页按钮，或多次返回，直到他看到主屏幕），我也遇到了同样的问题。
我试图通过在 Manifest 中注册一个 BroadcastReceiver 来解决它 而不是 IntentService.. 它没有多大帮助，因为我得到了相同的结果..
然后，我尝试了这个： 打开应用程序，添加地理围栏并转到主屏幕。 正如您可能理解的那样，地理围栏没有触发.. 但是当我点击谷歌地图而不是我的应用程序时……它被触发了！！
因此，如果有任何应用程序请求，它似乎正在后台运行 用于位置更新（如谷歌地图）。
所以我尝试了这种方法：
我使用LocationServices.FusedLocationApi创建了一个用于请求位置更新的粘性服务。该服务包含GoogleApiClient
并实现GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks 和GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener
但是你猜怎么着？它仍然无法在后台运行:(
更新：
在我尝试了很多次之后，它终于成功了！
我有一个带有Google Play services (version 11.3.02) 的Android 模拟器
和Android 7.0
如果您想很好地解释如何使用地理围栏以及如何使用模拟器检查它take a look at this link
现在，当应用程序在前台然后在后台时，我已经尝试使用此模拟器进行地理围栏，并且成功了！
当我说它在后台对我不起作用时，Android 版本在 该模拟器是Android 8。 所以我想我需要找到适用于 Android 8 的解决方案 -> 一个好的开始是this documentation link 他们解释如何 他们现在处理后台和前台应用程序。
【讨论】：
我的地图打开时甚至都没有触发 :') ，如果你弄清楚了，请告诉我并发布你的代码.. @user3820753 您好，我正在使用安装了 Google Play 服务的 Android Studio 模拟器。我所做的是首先将模拟器位置 lat 和 long 设置为 0，然后单击发送。然后打开我的应用程序以添加地理围栏并按下主页按钮。然后我将模拟器的纬度和经度设置为地理围栏纬度和经度值，然后单击发送。最后打开谷歌地图应用程序.. @Elior 是的，它在 Android 7 上就像一个魅力，虽然我不明白为什么我们必须请求位置更新......地理围栏应该由 Play Services 触发......这很奇怪。然而，在 Android 8 上，由于背景限制，很难让它工作。让我们看看我们能实现什么。 @GiulioBider 至于 Android 8，我知道.. 这让我发疯了 :) 他们建议使用前台服务，这样应用程序将保持在前台，然后可能还会触发地理围栏应用程序在后台。我看到的另一个解决方案（并首先尝试）是注册一个 BroadcastReceiver，而不是执行 PendingIntent.getService，而是执行 PendingIntent.getBroadcast.. 还必须有一个逻辑来检查 Android 版本是否大于或等于 Android 8，然后使用 PendingIntent.getBroadcast。否则使用 PendingIntent.getService @Elior 我已经尝试过广播而不是服务的方式，它似乎或多或少地工作。前台服务对我来说不是一个有效的选择，因为我必须显示一个永久通知。现在的问题是：在后台不断更新位置以监控地理围栏会消耗多少电量？ :D【参考方案2】：您发布的代码是关于在应用程序运行时注册地理围栏 + 处理地理围栏事件。此外，根据documentation，您应该在五个事件中重新注册您的地理围栏：
-
设备已重新启动。该应用程序应侦听设备的启动
完成操作，然后重新注册所需的地理围栏。
应用程序已卸载并重新安装。
应用数据被清除。
Google Play 服务数据已清除。
应用程序已收到 GEOFENCE_NOT_AVAILABLE 警报。这通常发生在 NLP（Android 的网络位置提供程序）被禁用之后。
让我们一一弄清楚：
关于 2 & 3 没有什么可做的，如果地理围栏被分配给您的应用程序中的某种经过身份验证的活动，那么您根本就不需要它们。
关于 4，它很像 2 和 3，我没有尝试深入研究，但我认为没有办法收听此事件。
1可以通过注册BroadcastReceiver很容易解决：
public class BootBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
Intent startServiceIntent = new Intent(context, AddingGeofencesService.class);
context.startService(startServiceIntent);
注意AddingGeofencesService，一旦在BootBroadcastReceiver 中收到意图，您应该创建一个服务来添加地理围栏。像这样的：
public class AddingGeofencesService extends IntentService implements GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks
public AddingGeofencesService()
super("AddingGeofencesService");
@Override
public void onCreate()
super.onCreate();
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent)
//Create geofences from SharedPreferences/network responses
//Connect to location services
public void onConnected(Bundle bundle)
//Add geofences
...
我们不要忘记清单代码：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<service android:name=".AddingGeofencesService"/>
<receiver android:name=".BootBroadcastReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
5 主要指位置提供商的变化。这种情况的解决方案也是BroadcastReceiver。
public class LocationProviderChangedBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
boolean isGpsEnabled;
boolean isNetworkEnabled;
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
if (intent.getAction().matches("android.location.PROVIDERS_CHANGED"))
LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
isGpsEnabled = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
isNetworkEnabled = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
if (isGpsEnabled || isNetworkEnabled)
Intent startServiceIntent = new Intent(context, AddingGeofencesService.class);
context.startService(startServiceIntent);
清单：
<receiver
android:name=".LocationProviderChangedBroadcastReceiver"
android:exported="false" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.location.PROVIDERS_CHANGED" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
编辑：
我在这里提供了我用来管理地理围栏的代码。它是上述答案的补充。
我排除了与答案无关的LocationServicesManager 的子类。
/*
* This class does not handle permission checks/missing permissions. The context that's containing
* this class is responsible of that.
*/
public class LocationServicesManager implements
GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks,
GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener
private static final String TAG = "YOURTAG";
private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
private Context context;
public GeofencesManager geofencesManager;
private OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener onGoogleServicesConnectedListener;
public LocationServicesManager(Context context,
OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener onGoogleServicesConnectedListener)
this.context = context;
this.onGoogleServicesConnectedListener = onGoogleServicesConnectedListener;
buildGoogleApiClient(context);
public void GeofencesManager()
geofencesManager = new GeofencesManager();
//region Definition, handling connection
private synchronized void buildGoogleApiClient(Context context)
mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(context)
.addConnectionCallbacks(this)
.addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
.addApi(LocationServices.API)
.build();
public void connect()
mGoogleApiClient.connect();
public void disconnect()
if (mGoogleApiClient.isConnected())
mGoogleApiClient.disconnect();
public boolean isConnected()
return mGoogleApiClient.isConnected();
@SuppressWarnings("MissingPermission")
@Override
public void onConnected(Bundle connectionHint)
onGoogleServicesConnectedListener.onGoogleServicesConnected();
@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(@NonNull ConnectionResult result)
Log.i(TAG, "Connection failed: ConnectionResult.getErrorCode() = " + result.getErrorCode());
@Override
public void onConnectionSuspended(int cause)
// Trying to re-establish the connection.
Log.i(TAG, "Connection suspended");
mGoogleApiClient.connect();
//endregion
public class GeofencesManager implements ResultCallback<Status>
private ArrayList<Geofence> mGeofenceList = new ArrayList<>();
private PendingIntent mGeofencePendingIntent = null;
private GeofencesManager()
public void addGeofenceToList(String key, long expirationDuration, Location location, int radius)
addGeofenceToList(key, expirationDuration, new LatLng(location.getLatitude(), location.getLongitude()), radius);
public void addGeofenceToList(String key, long expirationDuration, LatLng location, int radius)
if (location != null)
mGeofenceList.add(new Geofence.Builder()
.setRequestId(key)
.setCircularRegion(location.latitude, location.longitude, radius)
.setExpirationDuration(expirationDuration)
.setTransitionTypes(Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_DWELL
| Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER
| Geofence.GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_EXIT)
.setLoiteringDelay(1000 * 30)
.build());
/**
* Runs when the result of calling addGeofences() and removeGeofences() becomes available.
* Either method can complete successfully or with an error.
*/
public void onResult(@NonNull Status status)
if (status.isSuccess())
Log.i(TAG, "onResult: " + status.toString());
else
Log.e(TAG, getGeofenceErrorString(status.getStatusCode()));
/**
* Gets a PendingIntent to send with the request to add or remove Geofences. Location Services
* issues the Intent inside this PendingIntent whenever a geofence transition occurs for the
* current list of geofences.
*
* @return A PendingIntent for the IntentService that handles geofence transitions.
*/
private PendingIntent getGeofencePendingIntent()
if (mGeofencePendingIntent != null)
return mGeofencePendingIntent;
Intent intent = new Intent(context, GeofenceTransitionsIntentService.class);
// We use FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT so that we get the same pending intent back when calling
return PendingIntent.getService(context, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
/**
* Builds and returns a GeofencingRequest. Specifies the list of geofences to be monitored.
* Also specifies how the geofence notifications are initially triggered.
*/
@NonNull
private GeofencingRequest getGeofencingRequest()
GeofencingRequest.Builder builder = new GeofencingRequest.Builder();
// The INITIAL_TRIGGER_ENTER flag indicates that geofencing service should trigger a
// GEOFENCE_TRANSITION_ENTER notification when the geofence is added and if the device
// is already inside that geofence.
builder.setInitialTrigger(GeofencingRequest.INITIAL_TRIGGER_ENTER);
// Add the geofences to be monitored by geofencing service.
// Empty mGeofenceList leads to crash
builder.addGeofences(mGeofenceList);
return builder.build();
public void addGeofences()
if (mGeofenceList.size() > 0)
try
LocationServices.GeofencingApi.addGeofences(
mGoogleApiClient,
getGeofencingRequest(),
getGeofencePendingIntent()
).setResultCallback(this);
catch (SecurityException securityException)
Crashlytics.logException(securityException);
Log.e(TAG, "Missing permission ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION", securityException);
public void removeGeofences()
if (mGeofenceList.size() > 0)
LocationServices.GeofencingApi.removeGeofences(
mGoogleApiClient,
getGeofencePendingIntent()
).setResultCallback(this); // Result processed in onResult().
public static String getGeofenceErrorString(int errorCode)
switch (errorCode)
case GeofenceStatusCodes.GEOFENCE_NOT_AVAILABLE:
return "Geofence service is not available now";
case GeofenceStatusCodes.GEOFENCE_TOO_MANY_GEOFENCES:
return "Your app has registered too many geofences";
case GeofenceStatusCodes.GEOFENCE_TOO_MANY_PENDING_INTENTS:
return "You have provided too many PendingIntents to the addGeofences() call";
default:
return "Unknown error: the Geofence service is not available now";
上述界面：
public interface OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener
void onGoogleServicesConnected();
班级GeofenceTransitionsIntentService:
/**
* Listener for geofence transition changes.
*
* Receives geofence transition events from Location Services in the form of an Intent containing
* the transition type and geofence id(s) that triggered the transition.
*/
public class GeofenceTransitionsIntentService extends IntentService
private static final String TAG = "YOURTAG";
public GeofenceTransitionsIntentService()
super(TAG);
@Override
public void onCreate()
super.onCreate();
/**
* Handles incoming intents.
* @param intent sent by Location Services. This Intent is provided to Location
* Services (inside a PendingIntent) when addGeofences() is called.
*/
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent)
GeofencingEvent geofencingEvent = GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent);
//Do stuff with the geofencing events
在清单中：
<service android:name=".GeofenceTransitionsIntentService"/>
最后，总结一下AddingGeofencesService：
public class AddingGeofencesService extends IntentService implements OnGoogleServicesConnectedListener
private static final String TAG = "YOURTAG";
LocationServicesManager locationServicesManager;
public AddingGeofencesService()
super(TAG);
@Override
public void onCreate()
super.onCreate();
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent)
locationServicesManager = new LocationServicesManager(this, this);
locationServicesManager.GeofencesManager();
//Fetch your geofences from somewhere
List<YourGeofenceObject> yourGeofences = ...
for (YourGeofenceObject geo : yourGeofences)
locationServicesManager.geofencesManager.addGeofenceToList(geo.getKey(),
geo.getExpirationDuration(), geo.getLocation(), geo.getRadius());
locationServicesManager.connect();
@Override
public void onGoogleServicesConnected()
locationServicesManager.geofencesManager.addGeofences();
请注意，您应该在应用运行时添加地理围栏，其方式与在 AddingGeofencesService 中添加地理围栏的方式相同。
【讨论】：
嘿，你能描述更多在这些意图服务方法中调用什么，我有点困惑，我必须只从这个服务发送通知吗？可以更新一下吗，谢谢 @user3820753 这个服务不应该处理地理围栏事件，所以GeofencingEvent.fromIntent(intent) 不应该在那里。相反，您应该注册您的地理围栏，方法是从某处获取地理围栏，使用mGoogleApiClient.connect() 连接到服务，最后在onConnected() 中调用registerAllGeofences()。
@NeriaNachum 感谢您的解释。但是当应用程序在后台时它对你有用吗？即用户点击主页按钮.. ?
@Elior 是的。值得一提的是，对于某些供应商（例如小米），在 Android 6.0+ 上，您必须在设备上为您的应用启用“自动启动”权限才能启动后台事件。
@NeriaNachum 谢谢！以上是关于应用程序在后台时未触发地理围栏通知的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章